循环流化床锅炉用耐磨耐火材料研究

本文介绍了循环流化床燃烧技术的优越性以及CFB锅炉炉墙的防磨耐火需求,论述了不定形耐火材料的技术现状和发展趋势,谈及了我司陶瓷耐火材料研究团队的研究成果和后续研发思路。     

循环流化床锅炉用高铝耐磨可塑料

结合循环流化床锅炉的实际工况特性,对高铝耐磨可塑料的耐磨性和热震稳定性进行了试验研究,其结果对实际应用具有参考价值。     

高强超耐磨浇注料的研制与使用

研究了骨料、基质、结合剂等对Al     

循环流化床锅炉耐火材料的合理选配

介绍了循环流化床锅炉常用的耐火砖和耐火浇注料的种类和使用情况,对耐火材料的选用提出了自己的看法。     

循环流化床锅炉用耐火材料

综述了国内外循环流化床锅炉内衬用耐火材料的现状,指出了应针对循环流化床锅炉内衬中温、热震及冲剧磨损的工作条件,在不同部位合理选择耐火材料。     

耐磨耐火浇注料的开发与应用

研制开发了一类新型耐磨耐火浇注料,该浇注料施工性能良好,耐磨性能、粘结性能优异,已成功地应用于炼油厂催化裂化装置及发电厂循环流化床锅炉。     

240t／h循环流化床锅炉烘炉

公司热电厂使用的240t／h循环流化床锅炉型号为YG0240／9．8-M1。它是一种新型高效低污染锅炉。锅炉主体结构复杂。内衬材料施工面积大。且品种较多，使用耐磨耐火砖、耐磨耐火浇注料、保温砖、粘土砖、保温材料等，全部材料总计约1000t。都含有大量水分。如不事先将这些水分去掉而直接投入运行，会因水分蒸发、膨胀等物理特性，而造成炉墙结构损坏和破裂。增加漏风量。影响锅炉运行的经济性,并会降低锅炉出力,缩短锅炉的使用寿命，因此,新锅炉投运前必须进行炉墙烘烤,并且要保证其烘烤程度。     

循环流化床锅炉控制技术进展

对循环流化床锅炉烧控制系统的控制方案进行了综述，比较了国内外几种不同控制方案的优劣，对循环流化床锅炉自动化技术的发展方向提出了一些建议。     

垃圾焚烧炉用高强耐磨浇注料的研制与应用

<正>2008年,海螺集团结合日本川崎公司在垃圾处理领域的成熟工艺,采用新型干法水泥窑和气化焚烧炉相结合处理城市生活垃圾的技术,在铜陵海螺水泥有限公司建成了世界上首条生活垃圾焚烧-水泥联合生产线。该项目是5000t/d生产线,设计城市生活垃圾处理能力为600t/d,采用川崎公司新型循环流化床式垃圾焚烧炉。焚烧炉主体采用气化炉,炉高18m,直径5m。利用垃圾燃烧时产生的热量对气化炉内石英     

发展循环流化床燃烧锅炉

<正> 一、引言煤是一种组成复杂、品质各异的固体矿物类燃料,其理化性质和燃烧特性随产地不同而千变万化。在燃烧高灰和(或)高硫煤以及粒度范围较宽、未经筛分的煤时,常常出现很多困难。中国煤炭资源丰富、品种繁多,煤炭的燃烧利用已有数千年的历史,因此在燃用各类煤种方面,积累了很多经验。但是中国目前燃煤设备的总体性能还很差。例如,耗煤量占全国年产总量约1/3的中小型工业锅炉的平均热效率只有60%左右,而电站的发电平均煤耗也超过400g标煤当量/kWh。此外,由于燃     

循环流化床锅炉和煤粉锅炉的优劣对比

从结构、运行情况、对燃料的适应性及环保等多方面对循环流化床锅炉和煤粉锅炉进行了比较，凸显出选用循环流化床锅炉的优越性。     

循环流化床锅炉炉内脱硫技术的应用

介绍了炉内脱硫技术在循环流化床锅炉上的应用及优化改造情况,通过可行性分析、试验,采用合理的整体方案工艺及流程设计,实现了SO2达标排放。     

循环流化床锅炉爆管原因分析及预防措施

本文通过分析伊泰煤制油有限责任公司2#锅炉水冷壁爆管原因分析,提出了防止发生类似事故的预防措施,以及循环流化床锅炉维护检修的重点工作。     

循环流化床锅炉受热面的磨损及应对措施

阐述了循环流化床锅炉受热面的磨损机理并探讨了防止磨损的应对措施。     

电石渣用于循环流化床锅炉脱硫工艺的探讨

简要介绍了热电厂循环流化床锅炉运行现状，针对电石渣脱硫工艺进行了试验与分析，论证了电石渣应用于流化床锅炉脱硫的可行性。     

Heat transfer to the ceiling of the riser of a circulating fluidized bed

Very little information on the heat transfer to the ceiling of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler is available in the published literature though it constitutes a significant part of the furnace heat absorption. So, to explore this less-known heat transfer process a series of experiments were conducted at four different superficial gas velocities and three external solids circulation rates in a CFB pilot plant with a riser having a height of 5 m and a cross section of . The experimental results suggest that both solids circulation rates and superficial gas velocities had a significant influence on the local heat transfer to the ceiling close to the riser exit to the gas solids separator. However, on the ceiling, opposite of the exit, solids circulation rates and superficial gas velocities had only a minor influence on the local heat transfer coefficients.     

Hydrodynamic modeling of a circulating fluidized bed

Hydrodynamics plays a crucial role in defining the performance of circulating fluidized beds (CFB). The numerical simulation of CFBs is very important in the prediction of its flow behavior. From this point of view, in the present study a dynamic two dimensional model is developed considering the hydrodynamic behavior of CFB. In the modeling, the CFB riser is analyzed in two regions: The bottom zone in turbulent fluidization regime is modeled in detail as two-phase flow which is subdivided into a solid-free bubble phase and a solid-laden emulsion phase. In the upper zone core-annulus solids flow structure is established. Simulation model takes into account the axial and radial distribution of voidage, velocity and pressure drop for gas and solid phase, and solids volume fraction and particle size distribution for solid phase. The model results are compared with and validated against atmospheric cold bed CFB units' experimental data given in the literature for axial and radial distribution of void fraction, solids volume fraction and particle velocity, total pressure drop along the bed height and radial solids flux. Ranges of experimental data used in comparisons are as follows: bed diameter from 0.05-0.418 m, bed height from 5-18 m, mean particle diameter from 67-520 μm, particle density from 1398 to 2620 kg/m³, mass fluxes from 21.3 to 300 kg/m²s and gas superficial velocities from 2.52-9.1 m/s.As a result of sensitivity analysis, the variation in mean particle diameter and superficial velocity, does affect the pressure especially in the core region and it does not affect considerably the pressure in the annulus region. Radial pressure profile is getting flatter in the core region as the mean particle diameter increases. Similar results can be obtained for lower superficial velocities. It has also been found that the contribution to the total pressure drop by gas and solids friction components is negligibly small when compared to the acceleration and solids hydrodynamic head components. At the bottom of the riser, in the core region the acceleration component of the pressure drop in total pressure drop changes from 0.65% to 0.28% from the riser center to the core-annulus interface, respectively; within the annulus region the acceleration component in total pressure drop changes from 0.22% to 0.11% radially from the core-annulus interface to the riser wall. On the other hand, the acceleration component weakens as it moves upwards in the riser decreasing to 1% in both regions at the top of the riser which is an important indicator of the fact that hydrodynamic head of solids is the most important factor in the total pressure drop.     

Hydrodynamic similarity in circulating fluidized bed risers

Hydrodynamic similarity in the fully developed zone of co-current upward gas-solid two-phase flow systems under different operating conditions was investigated by measuring the axial profiles of pressure gradient, radial profiles of solid concentration and particle velocity in two circulating fluidized bed (CFB) risers of 15.1 and 10.5 m high, with FCC and sand particles, respectively. The experimental data obtained from this work and in the literature show that when the scaling parameter, G_s/(ρ_pU_g), is modified as , a detailed hydrodynamic similitude of the gas-solid flow in the fully developed zone of the risers under different operating conditions can be achieved. Furthermore, the experimental results from different gas-solid flow systems also show that as long as remains constant, there is the same solid concentration in the fully developed zone of different CFB risers with different particles. With the same , the local solid concentrations, the descending particle velocities, the cluster frequencies and the solid concentrations inside clusters in the fully developed zone of the risers all display the same axial and radial distribution, respectively. In other words, the empirical similarity parameter, , appears to have incorporated the effects of operating parameters (G_s and U_g), so that, the gas-solid flow in the fully developed zone of CFB risers under those different operating conditions but having the same shows similar micro- and macro-hydrodynamic characteristics. The study shows that the empirical similarity parameter, , is also independent of the upward gas-solid flow systems.     

流化床锅炉温度条件下钙基工业废弃物的固硫反应性能

在流化床锅炉温度条件下研究了赤泥、电石渣等钙基工业废弃物煅烧后的固硫特性,并与石灰石比较,同时研究了吸收剂在反应过程中的物相变化、微观结构特性。结果表明,在相同反应条件下,随反应时间增加,赤泥的钙转化率高于电石渣和石灰石,石灰石的钙转化率最小。赤泥和电石渣的最佳固硫温度分别为850～900℃和950～1000℃。随SO2浓度增加,在相同反应时间内赤泥的钙转化率和硫化反应速率也相应增大。粒径对赤泥的固硫性能影响不大。赤泥和电石渣中钙的主要化合物分别为Ca2SiO4和Ca(OH)2。它们煅烧后孔径主要分布在5～20nm内,这正是最有利于固硫的孔径区域,石灰石煅烧后孔径主要分布于45～420nm。钙基废弃物具有优良的孔隙结构,因而它们在流化床锅炉温度条件下具有良好的固硫性能。