H13钢激光熔覆TiC/Ni合金复合涂层的组织与耐磨性北大核心CSCD

为提高H13模具钢的耐磨性能,利用激光熔覆技术,在H13钢表面制备了不同Ti C含量的Ti C/Ni基合金复合涂层,通过显微组织观察、硬度测试、滑动摩擦磨损试验方法对H13钢表面激光熔覆的不同复合涂层的组织及耐磨性能进行分析测试。结果表明,Ni60+Ti C激光熔覆涂层中物相主要为γ-(Fe,Ni)、Fe3C、Cr23C6、Ni2Si及Ti C,激光熔覆层具有较高显微硬度,Ti C的加入及含量增加可使熔覆层组织细化,复合熔覆层硬度提高,Ti C含量为30%时熔覆层内平均硬度最大,为873 HV0.2;激光熔覆Ti C+Ni60复合涂层的耐磨性显著高于H13钢基体,随Ti C含量增加而先增加后降低,Ti C含量20%耐磨性较佳;H13钢基体的磨损机制主要以犁削、切削为主,激光熔覆Ti C/Ni合金复合涂层以脆性剥落机制为主。     

H13钢激光熔覆TiC/Ni合金复合涂层的组织与耐磨性

为提高H13模具钢的耐磨性能,利用激光熔覆技术,在H13钢表面制备了不同Ti C含量的Ti C/Ni基合金复合涂层,通过显微组织观察、硬度测试、滑动摩擦磨损试验方法对H13钢表面激光熔覆的不同复合涂层的组织及耐磨性能进行分析测试。结果表明,Ni60+Ti C激光熔覆涂层中物相主要为γ-(Fe,Ni)、Fe3C、Cr23C6、Ni2Si及Ti C,激光熔覆层具有较高显微硬度,Ti C的加入及含量增加可使熔覆层组织细化,复合熔覆层硬度提高,Ti C含量为30%时熔覆层内平均硬度最大,为873 HV0.2;激光熔覆Ti C+Ni60复合涂层的耐磨性显著高于H13钢基体,随Ti C含量增加而先增加后降低,Ti C含量20%耐磨性较佳;H13钢基体的磨损机制主要以犁削、切削为主,激光熔覆Ti C/Ni合金复合涂层以脆性剥落机制为主。     

钛基稀土激光熔覆层中TiC的生长规律研究

利用同步送粉激光熔覆技术在Ti811表面制备了TC4+Ni45+WC+CeO_2激光熔覆层。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)分析了涂层的组织和相组成,分析了制备过程中的反应机理,利用显微硬度计测试了涂层的显微硬度。结果表明,涂层的α-Ti基底中分布有枝晶Ti C、纳米共晶Ti C(缺位型TiC_x)、TiB_2和金属间化合物Ti_2Ni等相;通过对比发现,加入CeO_2的激光熔覆层生成相密度明显增加,晶界密度明显增大,晶界强化特征明显,枝晶TiC粒径相对粗大,涂层中二次析出的纳米共晶Ti C依附于枝晶Ti C生长,形成了纳米共晶TiC+枝晶TiC的复合相结构;涂层的显微硬度高于基底的,涂层的最高硬度为697 HV0.5,较基底提高了约0.8倍。     

氩弧熔敷原位自生TiC_p/Ni60A金属基复合材料涂层的组织与性能

以Ni60A、Ti粉和C粉为原料,采用氩弧熔敷技术,在45钢表面原位合成了TiC增强Ni基复合材料涂层.借助扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计对复合涂层的组织和性能进行了分析.结果表明,熔敷层与基体呈冶金结合,无裂纹、无气孔等缺陷;熔敷层的组织由γ-Ni、M23C6、TiC组成,TiC大部分旱块状,颗粒尺寸为1～1.5μm,均弥散分布于熔敷层中.     

Ti6Al4V表面激光熔覆NiCrBSi+B4C涂层的组织结构

选用NiCrBSi及2％民C混粉在Ti6Al4V合金表面进行激光熔覆处理，使基体中的Ti和B4C发生化学反应原位生成TiC、TiB2硬质增强相，制备出TiC与TiB2等增强相增强钛基复合材料涂层。综合运用XRD、SEM、EPMA和TEM等分析手段研究了优化熔覆工艺条件下的NiCrBSi＋B4C激光熔覆层的组织结构与相组成，并对复合涂层进行了硬度测试，结果表明：NiCrBSi＋2％B4C熔覆层的微观组织是在γ—Ni和Ni3Ti＋Ni3B共晶的基体上均匀分布着TiB2、TiC、CrB等相的多元组织，激光熔覆层的硬度比Ti6Al4V基体硬度提高到3～4倍。     

WC初始状态对激光熔覆Ni60/WC涂层组织及性能的影响

分别以Ni60+30 mass％WC粉末和Ni60+30 mass％Ni包WC粉末为原料,采用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面制备了Ni60/WC涂层,研究了WC初始状态对激光熔覆Ni60/WC涂层组织及性能的影响.结果 表明:涂层表面质量均良好,无明显裂纹及气孔等缺陷;观察涂层截面组织发现形貌发现,涂层均能与基体形成良好的冶金结合,但Ni60+30 mass％WC涂层内部存在少量孔洞和微裂纹,WC粒子较大,而Ni60+30 mass％ Ni包WC涂层组织均匀且致密,内部无气孔和裂纹,WC粒子分布相对均匀;Ni60+30 mass％WC涂层和Ni60+30 mass％Ni包WC涂层的物相主要由γ-(Fe,Ni)、M23C6、 M7C3和WC等组成;Ni60+30 mass％WC与Ni60+30 mass％ Ni包WC涂层的平均硬度分别为53 HRC和57 HRC,平均摩擦系数分别为0.54012和0.53631,磨损量分别为0.00172 g和0.00132 g.     

激光熔覆MoS2/TiC/Ni减摩耐磨复合涂层组织及磨损性能的研究

以MoS2、TiC、Ni粉为原料,在20钢基材表面利用激光熔覆技术制备了减摩耐磨复合涂层.采用SEM和XRD对复合涂层的组织和相组成进行了研究,结果表明复合涂层主要由部分未熔的TiC颗粒、Mo2C、γ镍基固溶体和多种两元、三元硫化物TiS、NiS、Ni3Ti4S8等组成.用FALEX-6摩擦磨损实验机对MoS2/TiC/Ni复合涂层、MoS2/Ni激光熔覆层以及45钢的耐磨性能进行了对比,并对三种试样表面的磨损形貌进行了SEM观察.实验表明:MoS2/Ni激光熔覆层具有最低的摩擦系数,但磨损失重最大;MoS2/TiC/Ni复合涂层在载荷17.8N、转速200r/min条件下,磨损40分钟,其磨损失重仅为45钢的1/6.     

激光熔覆MoS2／TiC／Ni减摩耐磨复合涂层组织及磨损性能的研究

以MoS2、TiC、Ni粉为原料，在20钢基材表面利用激光熔覆技术制备了减摩耐磨复合涂层。采用SEM和XRD对复合涂层的组织和相组成进行了研究，结果表明复合涂层主要由部分未熔的TiC颗粒、M02C、γ镍基固溶体和多种两元、三元硫化物TiS、NiS、Ni3Ti4S8等组成。用FALEX。6摩擦磨损实验机对MoS2／TiC/Ni复合涂层、MoS2/Ni激光熔覆层以及45钢的耐磨性能进行了对比，并对三种试样表面的磨损形貌进行了SEM观察。实验表明：MoS2／Ni激光熔覆层具有最低的摩擦系数，但磨损失重最大；MoS2／TiC／Ni复合涂层在载荷17．8N、转速200r／min条件下，磨损40分钟，其磨损失重仅为45钢的1／6。     

等离子熔覆原位合成TiC陶瓷颗粒增强复合涂层的组织与性能

利用等离子熔覆技术,在廉价的碳钢表面原位合成了TiC/Ni基复合材料涂层.借助金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计对复合涂层的组织、结构、性能进行了测试.结果表明:当Ti C含量为10%～20%时,熔覆层成形良好,与基体呈冶金结合,无裂纹、气孔等缺陷;熔覆层的组织为γ-Ni枝晶、M23C6、CrB及原位合成的TiC陶瓷颗粒,TiC大部分呈球状,少量呈方块状,尺寸为1～2 μm,靠近熔覆层底部的TiC颗粒比近表层的为小,均弥散分布于熔覆层中;熔覆层显微硬度达HV0.1 1000,是碳钢基体的4倍.     

LaF_3对激光原位合成TiC/Ni涂层耐蚀性的影响

以Ni60、Ti、石墨、Mo及La_3为原料,在闸板表面激光熔覆原位合成了TiC/Ni复合涂层.利用SEM、电化学腐蚀系统对涂层组织和耐蚀性能进行分析.结果表明,未添加LaF_3,和添加3%LaF_3的熔覆层中存在异质相.自腐蚀电流升高,腐蚀电位降低,耐蚀性下降;添加2%LaF_3的熔覆层中异质相消失,腐蚀电流密度降低,腐蚀电位升高,钝化区宽度增加,耐蚀性提高.     

激光熔覆原位自生TiB_2/Ni金属陶瓷复合涂层的裂纹研究

用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面制备了不同成分配比的原位自生TiB_2/Ni金属陶瓷复合涂层,研究了涂层的残余应力分布和开裂行为.结果表明:裂纹源产生的部位主要是熔敷层中的硬质相央杂物、熔覆层中共晶团问显微孔和熔覆层与基材界面间的微孔洞.     

Evaluation of residual stress and corrosion behaviour of electroless plated Ni−P/Ni−Mo−P coatings

Single Ni?P and Ni?Mo?P coatings as well as duplex Ni?P/Ni?Mo?P coatings with the same compositions were prepared by electroless plating. The residual stresses of the coatings on the surface and cross sections were measured by nanoindentation and AFM analysis, and the corrosion behaviour of the coatings in 10% HCl solution was evaluated by electrochemical methods, to establish the correlation between the residual stresses and corrosion behaviour of the coatings. The results showed that the single Ni?P and duplex Ni?P/Ni?Mo?P coatings presented residual compressive stresses of 241 and 206 MPa respectively, while the single Ni?Mo?P coating exhibited a residual tensile stress of 257 MPa. The residual compressive stress impeded the growth of the pre-existing porosity in the coatings, protecting the integrity of the coating. The duplex Ni?P/Ni?Mo?P coatings had better corrosion resistance than their respective single coating. In addition, the stress states affect the corrosive form of coatings.     

Thermal stresses in diamond coatings and their influence on coating wear and failure

Thermal stresses in diamond coatings deposited onto cemented carbide substrates are calculated using the finite element method. The thermo-elastic stress fields for some coating-substrate geometries are presented. The results are compared with experimental data on the tribological behaviour of diamond coatings. Residual stresses can explain many of the observed patterns of coating wear and failure. A model for the abrasive wear of brittle coatings under large compressive biaxial stresses is described. These stresses prevent cracks initiated at the surface to propagate towards the interface and may promote crack paths parallel to the interface, thus causing the formation of a smooth coating surface. Once the smooth appearance is reached it will become extremely hard to initiate and propagate cracks into the coating and consequently the wear rate becomes very low. Thus, large compressive residual stresses increase the already high wear resistance of diamond coatings. When diamond coatings are deposited onto substrate edges, intense concentrations of normal and shear stresses may lead to coating failure by interfacial spalling. These stresses are lowered by increasing the ratio r/h, where r is the edge radius and h is the coating thickness.     

液氮辅助冷却激光熔覆Al基非晶涂层的组织与耐蚀性

采用激光熔覆加液氮辅助冷却技术在S355海洋钢表面制备Al基非晶涂层,运用SEM、XRD、电化学工作站等技术分析了涂层腐蚀前后表界面形貌及物相组成,研究了液氮辅助冷却对涂层性能的影响以及涂层在5%NaCl溶液中浸泡10、20、40和80 d后的腐蚀性能。结果表明:经过液氮辅助冷却后涂层中存在少量的非晶AlFeNi相;涂层与基体形成了良好的冶金结合;表面组织细小,增强相TiC均匀弥散分布,且裂纹气孔较少。涂层表面显微硬度增加15%;残余应力与自然冷却时基本持平,均为拉应力;其耐蚀性也得到了显著提升。     

TiC_p/W复合材料的断裂行为

利用扫描电镜观察了含３０ ％ ＴｉＣ 颗粒（ 体积分数） 的钨基复合材料在室温和高温的微观断裂过程, 讨论了裂纹萌生、扩展条件及其影响因素。室温下的断裂过程受控于裂纹萌生阶段, 相应的应力－ 挠度曲线表现为线性, ＴｉＣ 颗粒和Ｗ 基体在微观上都呈现脆性断裂。高温下的断裂则存在一个亚稳态的初始裂纹长大和合并过程, 使应力－ 挠度曲线呈现出非线性, 在微观上ＴｉＣ 颗粒呈现脆性断裂,Ｗ 基体呈现韧性撕裂。同时也指出了复合材料在室温和高温下的强化机制     

TiC生成方式对激光熔覆镍基涂层组织和性能的影响

分别以TiC粉和Ti+C粉为原料,采用外加法和原位法制备了TiC/Ni激光熔覆涂层,分析了TiC生成方式对涂层物相组成、微观组织、硬度和磨损性能的影响。结果表明,涂层的物相组成不受生成方式的影响;但Ti+C质量分数高于30%时,原位法涂层无法成型,而外加法可获得40%TiC的涂层。外加法涂层中TiC以原料TiC为主,少量溶解析出的结晶TiC;而原位法涂层中TiC全部为结晶析出,分布更加均匀,颗粒细小,枝晶数量增多。原位法涂层的平均硬度和耐磨性均优于相同TiC含量的外加法涂层;涂层中TiC含量(质量分数)由20%增至30%时,涂层硬度升高,耐磨性下降,生成方式引起的磨损性能差异由5%降至0.6%。     

Modification of biomedical NiTi shape memory alloy by TiC/Ti films using PIIID

TiC/Ti coatings were deposited on the surface of Ti-50.6 at.% Ni alloy by plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIIID) technique. The microstructure, mechanical properties and hemocompatibility of the samples were investigated by means of XRD, AFM, nanoindentation, and scratch and platelet adhesion tests. The result of XRD analysis shows that the crystalline TiC coating has a preferential orientation of (111) in the normal direction. The surface presents a very smooth and dense microstructure with 1.517 nm root mean square roughness (RMS). The average hardness and modulus values of the TiC coating are much higher than those of the NiTi substrate. In the initial stage of scratching, some obvious transversal cracks and worm-like cracks spreading into the film from both side of the scratch track were observed. At higher normal loads for the scratching test, the film delaminated from the substrate at the margins of the substrate. Platelet adhesion tests demonstrate that the hemocompatibility of the coated sample is improved.     

Deformation and failure mechanism of nano-composite coatings under nano-indentation

Two nano-composite coatings based on nc-TiC particles in an a-C:H matrix are deposited via closed-field unbalanced reactive magnetron sputtering. The compositions of the coatings are varied by changing the acetylene gas flow during the depositions. A Cr/Cr–Ti/Ti–TiC graded interlayer is introduced between substrate and coating. Electron probe micro-analyses (EPMA) show that the Ti content of the coatings varies between 31.7 and 11.5 at.%. The coatings exhibit a hardness (H) of 20.0 and 15.7 GPa, and a Young's modulus (E) of 229.4 and 136.6 GPa, respectively, as measured through nano-indentations. Cube corner indentations are performed to probe the fracture toughness of the coatings through the determination of critical indentation loads (L_r) at which radial cracks start to propagate. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations and energy-filtered TEM are employed to characterize the coatings nanostructures. The variation in Ti content is accompanied by a variation in TiC particle size and volumetric fraction, as well as a change in the columnar structure of the coatings. A focus ion beam (FIB) slicing technique is employed to prepare samples from nano-indented locations of coated Silicon and stainless steel (SS) substrates. TEM inspection of the FIB sliced samples determines that the most brittle phase in the coating is the C-enriched columnar boundary, and identifies the location of failure within the interlayer. As a consequence of the different nanostructure, the coatings exhibit different elastic recovery properties and toughness.     

Mechanical properties and microstructure of TiB2–TiC composite ceramic cutting tool material

TiB₂–TiC composite ceramic cutting tool material was prepared by sintering during hot-pressing in vacuum. The effects of nano-scale Ni and Mo additives and sintering heating rate on mechanical properties and grain characteristics were investigated. TiB₂ and TiC grains exhibited prismatic and equiaxed shapes respectively. The diameter and aspect ratio of prismatic TiB₂ grains were influenced by nano-scale Ni/Mo additives. A higher heating rate could cause a higher aspect ratio of prismatic TiB₂ grains. The good mechanical properties of TN1((TiB₂–TiC)/Ni composite ceramic sintered at a heating rate of 50 °C/min) were ascribed to a relatively fine and homogenous microstructure. And a brittle B₄MoTi solid solution phase and wider distribution of grain size induced the lower flexural strength of TNM2((TiB₂–TiC)/(Ni,Mo) composite ceramic sintered at heating rate of 100 °C/min), but the higher aspect ratio of TiB₂ grains could prevent cracks from propagating and ameliorated the fracture toughness. The optimum resultant mechanical properties were obtained by (TiB₂–TiC)/Ni composite ceramic sintered at a heating rate of 50 °C/min.     

Preparation and properties of TiC-Ni cermets using Ni-plated TiC

TiC powders were coated with Ni by a chemical plating technique and the pressed compacts sintered at 1623K. The density of the sintered bodies was 98–99%. Compared with mechanically-mixed powder, Ni-plated TiC powders gave a more uniform microstructure in which TiC particles were well dispersed in the Ni matrix. The cermets exhibited ductile fracture for TiC-70 vol.% Ni and brittle fracture for TiC-30 vol.% Ni. The flexural strength was improved by the homogeneous dispersion of TiC. The thermal expansion coefficient increased with a decrease in Ni content, following a nearly linear law of mixtures on the basis of volume fractions of pure TiC and Ni.