果蔬气调贮藏保鲜技术探讨

近年来，世界工业发达国家的果蔬贮藏保鲜技术发展很快，其中采用降温、降氧、控制二氧化碳及乙烯含量的气调保鲜是世界上果蔬贮藏的最先进方法。本文介绍了气调贮藏保鲜的原理及方法、果蔬气调贮藏保鲜的工艺条件及气调库的气密性要求和施工技术。     

《气调保鲜库综述》

一座完整的气调库一般是由库体结构、气调系统、制冷系统、加湿系统、中央测控管理系统等构成。1VSA气调系统,对一个气调库来说,气调系统是气调库的核心,主要包括制氮设备、二氧化碳脱除设备、乙烯脱除设备（视所贮藏果蔬要求而定）、加湿设备、气调门、气调袋、气体检测设备及阀门管线等组成。其中制氮设备利用率最高,所以显得更为重要。     

高温库改造成为气调冷库的实例探讨

本文介绍了厦门某食品公司的高温冷藏库改造成气调库的工艺设计实例。对高温库改造成气调冷库和直接建造气调库的异同进行分析比较。在对该具体实例进行设计调研和费用计算基础上，对一般高温库改造为气调库的典型问题，包括库房结构，制冷设备、气调系统选择和气调方式确定等进行了分析探讨。提出了高温库改造为气调库时注意的问题，对于非大宗短期贮藏、多品种、多批量的情况，柔性气调库方式的经济效益尤其明显，建议推广应用。     

气调库技术发展及存在问题

本文介绍了气调保鲜的原理和气调库中气调系统、加湿系统、制冷系统、自动监测控制系统、压力平衡系统;分析了我国气调库发展和使用缓慢的原因和存在的问题。     

果蔬气调库的设计

介绍了果蔬气调库气调贮藏保鲜的原理、果蔬气调贮藏保鲜的工艺条件,并着重阐述了气调库建筑的气密性要求。     

山东龙口二万吨冷库的乙二醇液制冷系统

采用乙二醇液作为高温冷藏库制冷系统载冷剂，能满足冷藏库在＋１５℃±０．２５℃～－１０℃±０．２５℃范围内自动调节任意一点温度。从而基本解决了蔬菜、果品在库内长期贮藏干耗和制冷系统泄漏造成环境污染问题。     

果蔬气调库设计时需考虑的几个问题

气调库与一般高温库设计要求不同,本文就建库型式的选择、平面布置、库房的气密性、气凋库的安全,以及气调库制冷系统方案的选择、气调设备的选型等进行了详细的讨论.     

液氮和氮气在食品气调贮藏中的作用

论述了氮在气调贮藏水果，蔬菜的生体食品中的作用，探讨了气调贮藏肉类等非生体食品的可能和前景。     

不同包装方式对黑山羊冷鲜肉保鲜效果的比较

目的以新鲜的黑山羊肉为原料,研究真空和气调包装对山羊肉贮藏过程中感官质量、pH值、色泽、菌落总数、TVB-N值等主要技术指标变化的影响。方法将山羊屠宰后取其后腿,在-18℃下冷却到中心温度低于4℃后,去掉筋腱和脂肪,切分成约30 g的肉块,随机分成2组,装入已灭菌的包装袋内进行真空和气调包装,4℃贮藏,每隔3 d进行技术指标的测定。结果贮藏到16 d时,气调包装组的感官品质明显优于真空包装组;整个贮藏期,2组试样的pH值都低于6.6,即符合标准中对山羊肉pH值的要求;贮藏的前16 d,气调包装组的a*值高于真空包装组,表明气调包装较好地保持了羊肉的自然色泽;贮藏到16 d时,真空包装组的菌落总数为6.12,已超标,而气调包装组的试样属于次鲜肉;贮藏20 d,气调包装组的TVB-N值仍不超标,而真空包装组的TVB-N值为21.48,已超标。结论采用气调包装比真空包装好,能使山羊肉贮藏16~20 d。     

装配式气调库兼谈西安某万吨气调库

一、概述 装配式气调库是在装配式高温库基础上发展起来的,在一些发达国家已有长足的发展,装配式气调库建造已达到相当高的水平。我国气调贮藏研究起步较晚,曾先后全套引进过一些小型装配式气调库,到目前为止,气调贮藏技术研究已取得丰硕成果,但真正应     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from