利用表面活性剂制备单分散纳米微粒Fe3O4及其表征

以聚乙二醇为表面活性剂,FeCl3·6H2 O和乙二醇为原料,采用溶剂热还原方法,在相对较低的温度下合成Fe3 O4纳米微粒。采取场发射环境扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和傅立叶变换红外光谱仪等表征手段对产物进行分析。结果表明：产物为单一晶型的反尖晶石型 Fe3 O4,平均粒径为96 nm,并且微粒间没有明显团聚,表现出良好的单分散性,表明聚乙二醇在防止Fe3 O4微粒团聚方面起到了关键作用。     

SiO2/Fe2O3复合颜料的制备工艺

在Fe2O3颗粒的悬浮液中以硅酸钠为硅源,稀盐酸调节反应体系的pH值,合成SiO2-Fe2O3核-壳粒子.研究Fe2O3表面包覆SiO2的影响因素,确定最优改性剂和改性条件.采用XRD、SEM对表面改性前后的Fe2O3进行表征,用酸溶率评价包膜效果.以硅酸钠作为硅源,在反应温度85℃、pH值为9~10、改性时间为2 h时,制备出SiO2-Fe2O3复合颜料.包覆后的Fe2O3的耐温性和耐酸性显著提高,干粉耐温性达到1000℃.     

Fe2O3／Al2O3催化剂制备条件对其催化降解含聚丙烯酰胺废水活性的影响

以Fe2O3为活性组分,γ—Al2O3为载体,采用浸渍法制备了Fe2O3／Al2O3催化剂,并将其用于催化降解模拟聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）废水考察了催化剂制备条件对催化活性的影响,得出最佳制备工艺条件为：以Fe（NO3）3水溶液为浸渍液、活性组分负载量20％、焙烧时间3h、焙烧温度500℃在温度为60℃、pH=7．0、催化剂加入量为2g／L,H2O2的质量浓度为0．6g／L的条件下对质量浓度为400mg／L聚丙烯酰胺废水进行降解,反应90min后废水中聚丙烯酰胺相对分子质量降解率最高可达90％以上,CODcr去除率达86％,显示出了较高的催化活性．Fe2O3／Al2O3催化剂经过多次重复使用,催化活性基本没有降低,使用寿命长．     

以NaHCO3为矿化剂溶剂热合成Zn2SnO4纳米粉体

以NaHCO3为矿化剂采用溶剂热法合成了Zn2SnO4纳米粉体,通过X-射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）考察了矿化剂浓度、溶剂热反应温度和时间、表面活性剂等对样品组成、结构和形貌的影响,结果表明：矿化剂浓度较低时所得样品为SnO2,矿化剂浓度为1.0 mol/L、溶剂热反应温度和时间为200℃,24 h时,可得立方结构的分散均匀的Zn2SnO4纳米粉体,添加表面活性剂PVP后,样品粒度增大,立方块形貌更加明显.     

α—Fe2O3纳米晶制备及对KClO3热分解的催化作用

用强迫水解法制备纳米Fe2O3。用透射电子显微镜研究了陈化方式对纳米Fe2O3的形貌和大小的影响，用X射线衍射分析法对纳米Fe2O3的晶相进行了表征，通过热重分析法考察了纳米Fe2O3对KClO3热分解的催化效果。结果表明，加热陈化和室温陈化制得的纳米Fe2O3粒子均呈纺锤形，加热陈化比室温陈化制得的纳米Fe2O3粒子小，表面更光滑，两种陈化方式制得的纳米Fe2O3均是三方晶系，属于α—Fe2O3；纳米Fe2O3对KClO3热分解的催化效果优于普通Fe2O3。     

SO4^2—／Fe2O3催化合成草酸二异戊酯

以固体酸SO4^2-/Fe2O3为催化剂,草酸和异戊醇为原料,采用三因素三水平进行正交实验,筛选出合成草酸二异成酯的最佳合成条件。     

α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4纳米复合材料的相变化及室温磁性质

为研究纳米α—Fe2O3和Fe3O4在受热过程中的物相变化过程和磁学性质,采用燃烧合成方法制备了含α—Fe2O3和Fe3O4不同尺寸的纳米复合材料．用XRD、TEM、穆斯堡尔谱和振动样品磁强计,表征纳米复合材料相变化过程中的性质．结果表明,低于450℃煅烧的复合材料样品中含有一定量的超顺磁相,该相影响着此温度以下煅烧得到的纳米复合材料的磁性质,晶粒尺寸在该温度附近也具有临界现象;复合材料中存在的超顺磁相是超细颗粒尺寸α—Fe2O3和Fe3O4的贡献;当复合材料中的超顺磁相消失后,随煅烧温度提高在复合材料中α-Fe2O3的质量分数不断增加,而Fe3O4的质量分数不断降低直至消失．     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米Fe3O4/SiO2复合粒子

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以正硅酸四乙酯作为表面修饰剂,对Fe3O4纳米粒子的表面进行包覆,制备出了磁性Fe3O4/S iO2纳米复合粒子.通过TEM,XRD,IR表征,复合粒子的粒径在15 nm~20 nm左右,呈球形且分散较均匀.     

潘二矿煤系高岭岩脱除Fe2O3工艺的研究

本文通过对潘二矿煤系高岭岩脱杂工艺实验,认为较佳脱杂效果的工艺条件为焙烧温度４３０℃,浸出温度１２０℃,盐酸浓度２０％,浸出时间１２０ｍｉｎ。     

Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe2O3 composite coatings

Ni-Co-Fe₂O₃ composite coatings were electrodeposited using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified Watt’s nickel bath with Fe₂O₃ particles dispersed in it. The effects of the plating parameters on the chemical composition, structural and morphological characteristics of the electrodeposited Ni-Co-Fe₂O₃ composite coatings were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results reveal that Fe₂O₃ particles can be codeposited in the Ni-Co matrix. The codeposition of Fe₂O₃ particles with Ni-Co is favoured at high Fe₂O₃ particle concentration and medium stirring, and the deposition of Co is favoured at high concentration of CTAB. Moreover, the study of the textural perfection of the deposits reveals that the presence of particles leads to the worsening of the quality of the observed 〈220〉 preferred orientation. Composites with high concentration of embedded particles exhibit a preferred crystal orientation of 〈111〉. The more the embedded Fe₂O₃ particles in the metallic matrix, the smaller the sizes of the crystallite for the composite deposits.     

采用水热法制备磁性Fe_3O_4纳米棒

以FeCl3·6H2O、2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇、水合肼为主要反应物,水热法制备Fe3O4纳米棒。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)和振动磁强计(VSM)等表征手段进行表征,并对Fe3O4纳米棒的形成机理进行探讨。结果表明,制得的Fe3O4纳米棒,具有较高的饱和磁化强度。     

Fe2O3对污泥与底泥制备轻质陶粒性能的影响

为研究在以污水污泥和河道底泥为主要原料制取轻质陶粒过程中,Fe₂O₃质量分数对陶粒性能的影响,对陶粒的物理性能、表面形态、抗压强度和晶体构成进行研究,结果表明,Fe₂O₃质量分数在3.5％～7％时,可取得松散容重和表观密度较高、吸水率比较小、抗压强度较高的陶粒．扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明,随着Fe₂O₃质量分数的增加,陶粒表面玻璃化效果明显．在Fe₂O₃质量分数为5％时,可得到致密性较好、表面微孔分布均匀的陶粒．Fe₂O₃质量分数在3.5％～7％时,陶粒的抗压性能良好(14 MPa以上)．X射线衍射分析(XRD)表明,陶粒中主要晶体为石英、钠钙长石、蓝晶石和赤铁矿,内部以稳定的硅酸盐晶体为主．随着Fe₂O₃质量分数的增加,更多的Fe₂O₃可以在高温条件下转换为晶体结构的赤铁矿．在利用污水污泥与河道底泥制取轻质陶粒的过程中,控制Fe₂O₃质量分数在3.5％～7％较合适．     

Optimization of the operating conditions in a TiO2/Fe3O4-SiO2 photocatalytic reactor for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing Procion Red MX-5B

According to the design principle of the central composite experimental,the method of response surface analysis with three factors and three levels was adopted based on one factor test.A second-order quadratic equation for photocatalysis of Procion Red MX-5B was built.Response surface and contour were graphed with the decoloration rate of Procion Red MX-5B as the response value.Based on the analysis of the response surface plots and their corresponding contour plots,effects of pH value,irradiation time and catalyst loading were explored.By using this new method,the optimum decoloration condition was obtained as follows:pH value,1.3;irradiation time,49.9 min;catalyst loading,0.57 g/L.In the optimization,R-Squared and Adj R-Squared correlation coefficients for quadratic model were evaluated quite satisfactorily as 0.9310 and 0.8620,respectively.Under the optimum conditions established,the performance of 99.47% for color removal was experimentally reached.It was found that all factors considered have an important effect on the decolorization efficiency of Procion Red MX-5B.By the ANOVA analysis and model confirmation the optimal solution obtained using RSM was experimentally validated and credible with preferable instructional ability for experiments.     

Microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics with various B2O3 contents

The effects of B2O3 addition on both the sintering behavior and microwave dielectric properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 (CBS) glass ceramics were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The results show that the increasing amount of B2O3 causes the increase of the contents of [BO3],[BO4] and [SiO4],which deduces the increase of CaB2O4 and α-SiO2 and the decrease of CaSiO3 correspondingly.No new phase is observed throughout the...     

Na+掺杂对LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2结构和电化学性质的影响

采用高温固相法成功制备了不同Na+掺杂浓度的Li_1-xNa_xNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂锂离子电池正极材料,探究了Na元素掺杂对层状氧化物正极材料结构以及电化学性能的影响。通过X射线粉末衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜表征了材料的结构和形貌,结果表明,当x≤0.3时,样品不会出现其它杂相;当x＞0.3时,样品中会出现NaNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂的杂相。同时随着掺杂浓度的增加,样品的阳离子混排度逐渐增加。电化学性能结果表明,少量Na+的掺入可以提高LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂在0.2C,0.5C下的放电比容量并增强其循环稳定性,但会损坏材料的倍率性能。     

蠕虫状介孔SnO2的合成与电化学性能研究

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为软模板,采用水热法制备蠕虫状介孔金红石型SnO2,采用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、拉曼光谱、氮气吸附-脱附法对合成产物进行表征。结果表明:合成产物具有介孔结构,平均孔径为5.8nm。以介孔SnO2作为锂离子电池负极材料进行电化学性能测试,第1次放、充电比容量分别为1 011.8mAh/g和529.18mAh/g,在恒电流下进行20次充放电后,其放电比容量为326.73mAh/g。     

Characteristics of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles encapsulated with human serum albumin

Magnetic nanoparticles （Fe304） were prepared by chemical precipitation method using Fe^2＋ and Fe^3＋ salts with sodium hydroxide in the nitrogen atmosphere. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with human serum albumin（HSA） for magnetic resonance imaging as contrast agent. Characteristics of magnetic particles coated or uncoated were carried out using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Zeta potentials, package effects and distributions of colloid particles were measured to confirm the attachment of HSA on magnetic particles. Effects of Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with HSA on magnetic resonance imaging were investigated with rats. The experimental results show that the adsorption of HSA on magnetic particles is very favorable to dispersing of magnetic Fe3O4 particles, while the sizes of Fe3O4 particles coated are related to the molar ratio of Fe3O4 to HSA. The diameters of the majority of particles coated are less than 100 nm. Fe3O4 nanoparticle coated with HSA has a good biocompatibility and low toxicity. This new contrast agent has some effects on the nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of liver and the lowest dosage is 20μmol/kg for the demands of diagnosis.     

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic behavior of WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5 catalysts

TiO2/Nb2O5 photocatalyst loaded with WO3 (WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5) was prepared by a modified hydrolysis process, and characterized by X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectra and UV-Vis diffuse refraction spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5 was investigated by employing splitting of water for O2 evolution. The results indicate that WO3 loading can pronouncedly improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Nb2O5 by using Fe3 as an electron acceptor under UV irradiation. The optimum molar fraction of the loaded WO3 is 2%, and the largest speed of O2 evolution for 2% WO3-TiO2/Nb2O5 catalyst is 151.8 μmol/(L·h).     

Fe_3O_4-TiO_2磁性光催化剂的制备与性能

采用化学共沉淀法制备磁性纳米Fe3O4作为磁载体,以溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe3O4-TiO2磁性光催化剂,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)漫反射等手段对其进行表征。以亚甲基蓝水溶液为模拟污染物,测试了Fe3O4-TiO2磁性光催化剂的光催化性能,光照90min后,亚甲基蓝的脱色率可达到96.6%,相同条件下TiO2对亚甲基蓝的脱色率为93.6%。在外加磁场作用下,Fe3O4-TiO2磁性光催化剂的平均回收率为85.6%,TiO2离心分离平均回收率为62.7%,Fe3O4-TiO2磁性光催化剂在保证高催化活性的前提下实现了高效回收。