超宽带技术在通信中的应用

如今信息数字化与通信技术飞速发展，低频、高带宽的超宽带技术恰恰符合这一发展需求，有着良好的发展前景。对超宽带通信的发射、接收信号模型、收发机系统结构以及一些主要特点做了较深入的分析，并介绍了它在通信中的发展过程和现状。     

超宽带频率依赖性信道模型下的PAM和PPM性能比较

在超宽带无线通信中,频率依赖性信道扭曲了发射脉冲波形,影响了通信系统的性能.文章分析此类信道模型下脉冲位置调制和脉冲幅度调制的性能,结果表明,在频率依赖性信道中PAM调制优于PPM调制.     

紫外分离双脉冲位置调制误码性能分析

基于紫外非视距(NLOS)单次散射信道传输模型,分析了用于无线紫外光通信的分离双脉冲位置调制(SDPPM)方案的误码性能.介绍了SDPPM调制方案的符号结构,将该调制方案与开关键控调制(OOK)、脉冲位置调制(PPM)和双脉冲位置调制(D-PPM)在带宽需求、功率需求方面进行比较.利用光子计数方法,研究了无背景辐射噪声条件下SDPPM的误符率(SER).对PPM、D-PPM和SDPPM紫外通信系统的误码性能进行仿真,分析路径损耗对其影响.结果表明,SDPPM在信源比特分组长度n为5和6 bit时获得了带宽需求与功率需求的较好平衡.当SER达到10-4时,有效通信距离比D-PPM长20 m左右.同时,SDPPM调制方案降低了紫外光散射通信中因多径色散造成的码间串扰(ISI).     

紫外光通信中调制技术研究

紫外光通信是无线光通信的一种,它是利用紫外光在大气中的散射来进行信息传输的一种新型通信模式。然而,紫外光通信的调制解调技术是整个系统的关键难点。在详细阐述紫外光单散射信道模型的基础上,分析了开关键控(OOK)和脉冲位置调制(PPM)的调制结构,并在紫外光单散射信道模型中对上述两种调制技术进行了比较。结果表明:PPM调制技术在误码率性能及信息传输速率上都要优于OOK调制技术,并且随着PPM调制阶数的增加,这种优势会更加的明显。     

超宽带脉冲通信技术研究

对于现有通信方式,超宽带(UWB)脉冲通信技术是一种具有很多优势的新型通信技术,文章主要对超宽带脉冲通信优势、技术实现等方面做出了分析和阐述,并讨论了超宽带脉冲通信未来发展的应用领域。     

脉冲超宽带误比特率性能分析

针对脉冲超宽带通信技术采用的调制方式,对其的误比特率性能进行理论分析。结论指出,对于脉冲超宽带常用的两种调制方式PAM和PPM,PAM的误比特性能具有3dB增益;且充分利用FCC功率限制之下的能量是提升超宽带无线通信误比特性能的关键。     

大气湍流条件下长波红外无线激光通信性能分析北大核心CSCD

分析了用于探测长波红外所用的光电导型碲镉汞探测器的噪声种类,建立了相应的噪声模型;结合不同大气湍流条件下的光强分布模型,采用数字脉冲间隔调制方式推导得到了长波红外无线激光通信系统的误码率表达式。在选取典型仿真数据的基础上,对不同大气湍流强度、通信距离、传输速率以及平均发射功率条件下的长波红外无线激光通信误码率进行了数值仿真分析。结果表明,长波红外的抗大气湍流能力强,通过选取合适的发射功率以及传输速率可以满足系统工作时对误码率的要求。     

基于正交脉冲波形的高速超宽带通信系统

提出了基于小波函数的两个正交脉冲,其功率谱密度满足美国通信委员会(FCC)对UWB系统的频谱限制。在此基础上提出了使用脉冲波形的极性调制和正交脉冲波形的形状调制相结合的一种高速超宽带通信系统,可以同时传送多个比特信息提高传信率。     

无线光通信中PPM的差错编码调制研究

文章推导了基于线性分组码的脉冲位置调制(PPM)通信系统纠错后的差错概率上限,分析了差错编码的纠错能力和PPM位分辨率的参数设置对差错性能的影响,并进行了仿真.结果表明,在纠错个数能被位分辨率整除时,PPM系统达到较高编码调制性能,同时指出适合PPM系统的纠错编码一般为高阶码.     

二维大气无线光码分多址通信系统

在无线光通信系统中采用光码分多址(OCDMA)技术,可以充分利用其丰富带宽,提高系统性能。考虑背景光噪声、探测器噪声、多用户干扰和大气闪烁等影响因素,给出了二维无线光码分多址(2D-WOCDMA)系统模型,在该模型中采用了脉冲位置调制(PPM)和光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)编解码器。通过数值分析,详细讨论了该无线光通信系统的性能。结果表明,大气闪烁是影响二维无线光码分多址通信系统性能的重要因素,当其对数方差较大时,系统难以实现通信,需要采用诸如多用户检测、信道编码及阵列接收等技术提高系统的性能;二维无线光码分多址通信系统适合采用1550 nm波段;该通信系统还受背景光、雪崩光电二极管(APD)增益和调制消光比等因素的影响。     

基于小波包-FHN模型的UWB信号检测

在超宽带冲激无线电信号检测中,针对FHN神经元模型随机共振中检测信噪比受限的问题,研究分析了小波包理论及传统单阈值小波包的缺点,结合新的分段阈值小波包去噪算法,提出一种小波包与FHN神经元模型随机共振联合检测的新方法,并对所提算法的性能进行仿真验证。仿真实验表明,新方法克服了FHN模型的信噪比门限,降低了FHN模型的检测信噪比,改善了FHN模型的检测性能,可有效恢复强噪声背景下的超宽带冲激无线电信号波形。      

Space-shape coded UWB-impulse radio system

Proposed is a novel space-shape coding scheme with multiple antennas and multiple orthonormal waveforms for UWB-IR systems. Since the proposed coding scheme can be applied for every frame, the spatial diversity can be achieved even without the invariant channel condition over frames. Furthermore, the proposed scheme can provide an additional power gain to enhance BER performance while the FCC spectral regulation is satisfied     

On the Performance of UWB-IR With Interleaved Coding Modulation and Polarity Randomization on AWGN and Multipath Fading Channels

One of the main challenges in designing high-data-rate ultrawideband impulse radio (UWB-IR) systems is their sensitivity to intersymbol and interpulse interferences, which may significantly degrade the performance. This paper deals with new methods of protection against errors for UWB-IR systems operating in severe multipath interference-prone environments. The proposed and investigated techniques include interleaved coding modulation and polarity randomization applied in combination with superorthogonal convolutional coding or frame repetition. The performance of high-data-rate (125 Mb/s) coded UWB-IR systems is evaluated on the additive white Gaussian noise and realistic UWB channels that have recently been proposed by the IEEE. Our UWB-IR system incorporates a differential autocorrelation receiver, allowing for a simple hardware architecture. Through theoretical analysis of the bit error rate (BER) and the use of Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate that the application of the proposed methods may lead to significant performance improvements.      

基于混沌映射的UWB-IR抗截获性能分析

近年来，超宽带脉冲无线电UWB-IR传输技术以低功耗、高速率、低检测率和低截获率等特点受到军事通信领域的关注。通过将混沌映射应用于UWB-IR，并提出了一种新的混沌编解码模块，进一步增强了UWB-IR的抗检测能力和抗截获能力。然后，通过仿真验证了此应用的可行性。     

Efficient Hybrid Modulation/Demodulation Scheme Using Differential Encoding/Decoding for UWB-IR

An efficient hybrid modulation/demodulation scheme using a short duration pulse in the time-domain for ultra wideband-impulse radio (UWB-IR) systems is proposed. The proposed modulation scheme is pulse position modulation (PPM) of the UWB-IR standard modulation combined with differential encoding, and non-coherent energy detection (ED) adopting differential decoding is proposed for demodulation. Differential encoding makes a pulse that can transfer additive information bit into bits assigned in one symbol without increasing the symbol period. The BER performance is evaluated for 2-PPM, 4-PPM and the proposed HD-2PPM (which has the same symbol duration as BPPM and includes two information bits per symbol). The error performance indicates that the proposed scheme is an outstanding 0.5 dB over existing schemes of UWB-IR, and the data-rate performance shows that the proposed method has higher spectral efficiency than conventional methods that occupy the same duration as the proposed scheme.

     

Noncoherent Synchronization of UWB-IR Multiple-Antenna Multipath Channels

This paper deals with the maximum-likelihood (ML) noncoherent data-aided (e.g., no blind) synchronization of multiple-antenna ultrawideband impulse-radio (UWB-IR) terminals that operate over broadband channels and are affected by multipath fading with a priori unknown number of paths and path-gain statistics. The synchronizer that we developed achieves the ML data-aided joint estimate of the number of paths and their arrival times (e.g., time delays), without requiring any a priori knowledge and/or a posteriori estimate of the amplitude (e.g., module and sign) of the channel gains. The ultimate performance of the proposed synchronizer is evaluated (in closed form) by developing the corresponding CramÉr–Rao bound (CRB), and the analytical conditions for achieving this bound are provided. The performance gain for the synchronization accuracy of multipath-affected UWB-IR signals arising from the exploitation of the multiple-antenna paradigm is (analytically) evaluated. Furthermore, a low-cost sequential implementation of the proposed synchronizer is detailed. It requires an all-analog front-end circuitry composed of a bank of sliding-window correlators, whose number is fully independent from the number of paths comprising the underlying multiple-antenna channel. Finally, the actual performance of the proposed synchronizer is numerically tested under both the signal acquisition and tracking operating conditions.      

TH-CDMA-PPM with Noncoherent Detection for Low Rate WPAN

Ultra wideband (UWB) impulse radio (IR) is a prospective transmission technology for low-rate indoor communications, as described in the physical-layer proposals for IEEE 802.15.4a wireless personal area networks (WPAN). Time hopping (TH) code division multiple access (CDMA) is considered as an access scheme' for multiuser UWB-IR systems. The TH- CDMA system widely addressed in the literature adopts binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) with coherent detection, which requires accurate channel estimation and thus increasing the implementation complexity. In this correspondence, we suggest using TH-CDMA-PPM (pulse position modulation) with non-coherent detection to simplify the receiver structure. The influence of different combinations of TH and CDMA processing gains on error performance of the new scheme is analyzed and numerical results are presented for illustration.     

基于自适应噪声抵消的无线传感网络信道优化

无线传感器网络通信技术广泛应用在物联网近场通信、水声通信等领域。无线传感网络通信信道受到多途干扰,导致信道失衡,需要进行信道均衡模型设计。提出一种基于自适应噪声抵消的无线传感器网络通信信道优化技术,首先构建了无线传感器网络通信的信道模型,对无线传感器网络信道传播过程中衰减损失和各条路径的信号进行重组,采用自适应噪声抵消算法进行信道的多途干扰滤波,结合最小二乘（ RLS）准则算法进行无线传感器网络通信信道均衡设计。仿真结果表明,采用该通信信道均衡技术能有效提高无线传感器网络通信的信道质量,降低通信传输失真和误比特率,实现信道自适应均衡,提高通信的抗干扰能力。     

车辆间通信信道的仿真模型分析

主要对车辆间通信的环境进行分析。对3种经典的车辆间通信信道模型,即级联Nakagami信道、级联瑞利信道和双选择衰落信道(时间选择性和频率选择性)进行详细论述,并对这3种信道模型下BPSK调制的误码率性能进行仿真,并对仿真结果进行分析。     

宽带短波信道建模综述

宽带短波通信系统作为中远程主要通信手段受到了人们的广泛关注,研究宽带短波系统的重点和难点是宽带短波的信道建模。Watterson信道模型作为比较经典的窄带模型,从它的基础上衍生出2种宽带短波信道模型,Watterson后接高斯随机延迟模型和Watterson后接群延迟特性滤波器模型。另外还介绍了电离层物理模型、Volger决定性模型、ITS信道模型及其改进、基于并行子路径结构的宽带信道模型、伪决定性信道模型和子带并行-宽带窄带化模型。对这几种模型的建模思想以及基本原理进行了叙述,对其复杂度进行了比较并且对可行性进行了分析。