一种基于块均值的盲检测水印算法

提出了一种新颖的盲检测水印算法.该方法是一种利用图像块的DCT系数的算术均值来隐藏水印信息的盲检测水印算法,该算法在提取水印时不需要原始公开宿主图像,并且对常见水印攻击方法JPEG攻击具有良好的稳健性.     

A novel mean square formulation of stochastic nonlinear dynamic systems based on Adomian decomposition

An Adomian decomposition based mathematical framework to derive the mean square responses of nonlinear structural systems subjected to stochastic excitation is presented. The exact mean square response estimation of certain class of nonlinear stochastic systems is achieved using Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov (FPK) equations resulting in analytical expressions or using Monte Carlo simulations. However, for most of the nonlinear systems, the response estimation using Monte Carlo simulations is computationally expensive, and, also, obtaining solution of FPK equation is mathematically exhaustive owing to the requirement to solve a stochastic partial differential equation. In this context, the present work proposes an Adomian decomposition based formalism to derive semi-analytical expressions for the second order response statistics. Further, a derivative matching based moment approximation technique is employed to reduce the higher order moments in nonlinear systems into functions of lower order moments without resorting to any sort of linearization. Three case studies consisting of Duffing oscillator with negative stiffness, Rayleigh Van-der Pol oscillator and a Pendulum tuned mass damper inerter system with linear auxiliary spring–damper arrangement subjected to white noise excitation are undertaken. The accuracy of the closed form expressions derived using the proposed framework is established by comparing the mean square responses of the systems with the exact solutions. The results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed framework for accurate statistical analysis of nonlinear systems under stochastic excitation.     

最小均方电液负载模拟器加载系统控制研究

在电液负载模拟器进行动态力加载时,对其快速性指标有更高要求,此时加载误差比较大的问题就凸显出来,即输出加载力的数值随加载频率的增大而增大、相位也有超前,针对加载系统的这一性能特殊变化规律与实际现象,提出基于最小均方算法的自适应神经网络控制策略。该方法对神经网络的配置权值进行实时在线调整,调整效率和算法的收敛性都有明显提高,可以有效减小控制系统工作时的循环调整时间。当输入信号经过加权运算后作用于加载控制系统时,加载误差明显减小,加载系统的快速性与跟踪精度进一步提高。仿真和实验结果表明,采用文中方法后,加载力输出的幅值增大和相位超前量得以抑制,系统动态力加载时的综合性能有所提高,所提出算法调整规则有效。     

基于最小均方误差的全光纤电流互感器调制相位扰动补偿方法研究

在分析全光纤电流互感器误差模型的基础上,提出基于加权最小均方误差准则的调制相位扰动补偿方案。通过引入加权函数因子,不断迭代加权函数得到期望调制相位。搭建实验系统对测试数据进行分析,实验结果表明:通过补偿能减小因实际制作中光纤非匹配性、非对称性带来的耦合器相位的微小偏移误差,从而提高全光纤电流互感器性能。分析两台样机在高低温箱内进行多日重复性测试的数据,在经过调制相位补偿后,两台样机多日内全温的归一化变化率在±0.2%以内,且重复性比较好,通过进一步优化,可满足0.2s级继电保护系统的使用要求。     

OFDM水声通信线性最小均方误差算法信道均衡

正交频分复用在高速水声通信中的应用越来越广泛.水声信道是多径、高噪声的衰落信道.由于信道条件差,容易产生码间干扰,信道均衡技术是提高通信系统性能的重要技术.提出了线性最小均方估计在水声通信系统中应用的方案,研究了实际通信中利用调频信号如何确定信号的平均多径时延、最大多径时延,比较了不同调频信号测量信道的性能.该方案基于导频辅助均衡方法,利用调频信号测量信道,获得的信道统计信息,计算信道的自相关矩阵.从而根据线性最小均方误差算法进行信道均衡.通过仿真和湖试进行验证,结果表明该方案效果较好,对系统性能改善比较明显.     

Bias susceptibility measurements in thin permalloy films

Susceptibility measurements at 5000 Hz have been performed in the easy and hard directions on two 80-20 Permalloy films (1000 Å, 1 cm in diameter) cut from large samples. The experimental results agree with the predictions of the Hoffmann theory. The susceptibility parallel to the average direction ofMis found to be proportional to1/(H - H_{k})^{7/4}or1/(H_{k} - H)^{7/4}when the net field is large enough to prevent blocking.     

Estimating the root mean square of a wave front and its uncertainty

The root mean square (rms) of the surface departure or wave-front deformation is an important value to extract from an optical test. The rms may be a tolerance that an optical fabricator is trying to meet, or it may be a parameter used by an optical designer to evaluate optical performance. Because the calculation of a rms involves a squaring operation, the rms of the measured data map is higher on average than the rms of the true surface or wave-front deformation, even if the noise is zero on average. The bias becomes significant as the scale of the noise becomes comparable to the true surface or wave-front deformation, as can be the case in the testing of ultraprecision optics. We describe and demonstrate a simple data analysis method to arrive at an unbiased estimate of the rms and a means to determine the measurement uncertainty.     

Reconstructed structures of nanosized co islands on Ag/Ge(111) mean square root of 3 x mean square root of 3 surfaces

Structural evolution of Co/Ag/Ge(111) at high temperatures was studied by using scanning tunneling microscopy and low energy electron diffraction. The mean square root of 3 x mean square root of 3-Ag layer between the substrate Ge( 11) and Co adatoms can avoid the formation of Co-Ge compounds below 800 K. The Co atoms nucleate to form islands where mean square root of 13 x mean square root of 13 or 2 x 2 reconstructions were observed after annealing between 373 K and 737 K. The mean square root of 13 x mean square root of 13 structure with mirror symmetry relative to [-211], [11-2], and [1-21] axes was observed for 1-2 layer Co islands. Co islands with over 2 layers appear 2 x 2 structure. All reconstruction structures of the nano-sized Co islands and substrate Ag/Ge(111) mean square root of 3 x mean square root of 3 surface were analyzed using the atomic hard sphere model. The bright protrusions of these reconstructions all sit in the centers of Ag or Ge trimers, which were predicted to have maximum binding energy.     

Novel displacement function for discontinuous deformation analysis based on mean value coordinates

The rotation degree of freedom in discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) may cause false volume expansion when a block undergoes a large rotation. We propose a block displacement function to prevent this defect. Specifically, the degrees of freedom in a block are redefined by incremental displacements at its vertices, and displacement is formulated based on the mean value coordinates. In addition, the finite element method with updated Lagrangian formulation is employed to derive the equilibrium equations, while the contact analysis and implicit time integration for dynamics is maintained from the original DDA. After each time step, the block configuration is updated by adding the new degrees of freedom to the previous coordinates of the block vertices. Results from numerical examples confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach to prevent false volume expansion, ensure correctness of contact analysis, and provide realistic stress results when simulating large rotations.     

Decision-directed channel estimation based on iterative linear minimum mean square error for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems

A decision-directed (DD) channel estimation based on iterative linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) is proposed for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. Existing DD channel estimation is well known to have the problem of error propagation because of symbol-by-symbol detection. The proposed algorithm can estimate the correction term of current channel state information (CSI) according to the error vector of previous CSI by applying the orthogonality principle, and corrects the current CSI with this correction term. Analysis and simulation results have shown that this method has no error propagation problem. The performance of the proposed algorithm is much better than the conventional DD channel estimation, and close to the optimal LMMSE estimator, but with much less computational complexity compared with the optimal LMMSE estimator.     

Shewhart control charts to detect mean and standard deviation shifts based on grouped data

A Shewhart control chart is proposed based on gauging theoretically continuous observations into multiple groups. This chart is designed to monitor the process mean and standard deviation for deviations from stability. By assuming an underlying normal distribution, we derive the optimal grouping criterion that maximizes the expected statistical information available in a sample. Control charts based on grouped observations are superior to standard control charts based on variables, such as X and R charts, when the quality characteristic is difficult or expensive to measure precisely, but economical to gauge.     

On the mean square displacement of intruders in freely cooling granular gases

Granular Matter - A micromechanical study of the relationship between contact force networks and energy dissipation is presented. A series of drained triaxial compression tests with different...     

Quantitative analysis of the mean square radial displacement of high energy electron beams

It is well known that a key characteristic of the pencil beam method of electron beam treatment planning, the mean square radial displacement, increases with absorber depth. In calculating this slope from multiple scattering theory, the mean energy loss with increasing depth has been taken into account, but it is shown that some discrepancy compared to measured values persists. The remaining influences of electron path detours and of the spectral width can be accounted for by starting the calculation from measured values of mean square scattering angle. The relations thus established can be used for the purposes of treatment planning in homogeneous and inhomogeneous absorbers.     

基于均方误差修正的渗碳12CrNi3钢疲劳强度预测模型

为对渗碳12CrNi₃合金钢提供一种安全可靠的高周疲劳强度预测方法,本文利用高频疲劳测试机,在10⁴～10⁸循环周次内对渗碳12CrNi₃合金钢疲劳试样开展应力比为-1的高周疲劳实验。采用灰色估计法对渗碳12CrNi₃钢疲劳数据的威布尔W(α,β,γ)参数进行评估,并通过估算的威布尔参数,进一步确定渗碳12CrNi₃合金钢强度预测模型的参数。考虑应力-寿命关系,结合疲劳数据的威布尔分布规律,建立了失效概率为1%时的渗碳12CrNi₃合金钢高周疲劳强度预测模型。从预测疲劳强度安全可靠性出发,通过均方误差(MSE)方法对模型进行修正,并将修正后模型99%MSE下界线与渗碳12CrNi₃合金钢疲劳寿命P-S-N曲线(不同存活率P的S-N曲线)进行对比,研究发现12CrNi₃合金钢疲劳寿命数据点均位于模型99%MSE下界线内,预测结果很好。研究表明,在以渗碳12CrNi₃合金钢...     

Dual approach to local mean square error criterion for stochastic equivalent linearization

Based on the dual conception, the paper suggests a consideration at global level to the local mean square error criterion of the stochastic equivalent linearization method. It results in new values of linearization coefficients that are obtained as global averaged values of all local linearization coefficients. The numerical analysis of some typical nonlinear systems under white noise excitation shows that the accuracy of the proposed criterion is significantly improved in comparison with the one of the classical mean square error criterion.