电沉积Ni-S-Co/ZrO_2复合电极及其催化析氢性能

在镀液中悬浮粒径为200～400 nm的ZrO2固体颗粒,以电沉积方法制备了Ni-S-Co/ZrO2复合电极。XRD和SEM测试结果表明,沉积层由非晶态的Ni、Co、S和单斜晶型的ZrO2粒子组成。镀层表面呈团粒状结构,无裂隙,与基体结合牢固。电化学测试结果表明,25℃时,Ni-S-Co/ZrO2复合电极在质量分数28%NaOH水溶液中,在电流密度100 mA/cm2下的超电势为145 mV,与未复合纳米ZrO2粒子的Ni-S-Co电极相比降低了50 mV。表明超细ZrO2的掺入有效提高了电极对析氢反应的催化效果。实验表明,沉积的最佳电流密度为70 mA/cm2,最适宜的ZrO2用量为15 g/L,采用Ni-S-Co作为过渡层可以显著改善复合镀层与基体的结合。     

Ni-W-P/ZrO2复合电极的制备及其催化析氢性能

在电沉积Ni-W-P合金的工艺基础上,通过加入ZrO2微粒,制备了Ni-W-P/ZrO2复合电极.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对电极的表面形貌进行了表征,利用稳态极化曲线、电流密度-时间(i-t)曲线等电化学测试方法研究了电极的催化析氢性能,考察了镀层中ZrO2复合量对电极析氢性能的影响.     

电沉积法制备高活性析氢电极

高活性阴极材料在电化学工业中具有重大的应用价值。介绍了电沉积积法制备高活性析氢电极的发展,现状及应用前景。     

复合电沉积制备镍-石墨烯电极及其电催化析氢性能研究

以紫铜为基体,电沉积制备了镍还原氧化石墨烯(Ni-RGO)复合电极,研究了石墨烯质量浓度、电流密度、pH、温度和时间对Ni RGO复合电极的电催化析氢性能。得到最佳配方和工艺条件为:Ni(NH2SO3)2·4H2O 350 g/L,NiCl2·6H2O 10 g/L,C6H8O7·H2O 5 g/L,H3BO320 g/L,十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.12 g/L,RGO 0.16 g/L,pH 3.5,温度40°C,电流密度5 A/dm^2,时间10 min。该条件下所得Ni-RGO复合电极的电催化析氢性能最佳。     

双脉冲电沉积制备Ni-聚苯胺复合电极及其析氢性能的研究

采用控制双脉冲电位沉积技术制备N i-聚苯胺复合电极。扫描电镜下观察电极表面呈菜花状结构,比表面积约为普通镀N i电极的4~50倍。N i-PAN复合电极的X射线衍射谱图中分别出现了N i和PAN的特征峰。通过测试复合电极在模拟氯碱工业电解液中的阴极极化曲线,研究了N i-PAN电极的析氢性能,结果显示当电流密度为0.10 A/cm2时,析氢过电位较镀N i电极降低约350 mV。复合电极性能稳定,可作为氯碱工业用活性阴极,能显著降低能耗。     

电沉积制备Ni-P非晶态催化电极上的析氢反应

用直接电沉积法在室温下制备出不同磷含量的Ni-P合金电极,用恒电流极化法研究了电极在20℃的1 mol/L KOH溶液中作为析氢反应阴极的催化性能,并用XRD及SEM方法研究了Ni-P合金镀层的组织结构. 实验结果表明,磷含量为8.49 at%的Ni-P合金电极具有优良的催化性能,在150 mA/cm2的电流密度下,析氢反应过电位最低,约为95 mV, 比纯镍电极低342 mV, 低电流密度区的Tafel斜率为65.4 mV/dec, 表现出良好的析氢催化活性, 这种高催化活性与镀层磷含量及组织结构有关.     

电沉积方法制备镍硫析氢电极及其电化学性能

采用恒电流电沉积方法制备Ni-S电极,通过极化曲线研究了硫脲质量浓度、电流密度、镀液温度、电沉积时间等对Ni-S电极析氢性能的影响,获得了较佳的制备工艺:NiSO4·6H2O187.2g/L,硫脲100g/L,H3BO340g/L,NaCl 20g/L,pH=4,电流密度30 mA/cm2,镀液温度55℃和电沉积时间1...     

电沉积Ni-P-ZrO2复合电极析氢电催化性能的研究

用电沉积方法制备了镍－磷－二氧化锆复合电极。通过阴极极化曲线,交流阻抗等电化学技术研究其析氢催化性能,并用扫描电镜观察电极的表面形貌。实验结果表明,在80℃,25％氢氧化钠碱性溶液中镍－磷－二氧化锆的表观交换电流密度及表面粗糙度皆大于镍,镍－磷电极,而反应电阻较小。说明镍－磷中引入二氧化锆所形成的复合镀层具有较高的析氢催化活性和良好的电化学稳定性。     

机械轴承表面电沉积制备Co-W/ZrO2复合镀层

采用电沉积技术在GCr15轴承钢板表面制备了Co-W/ZrO_2复合镀层,并研究了纳米ZrO_2微粒的质量浓度对镀层性能的影响。研究发现:随着纳米ZrO_2微粒的质量浓度的增加,镀层的沉积速率和厚度增大;加入纳米ZrO_2微粒,有利于细化镀层晶粒,改善镀层的耐磨性;当纳米ZrO_2微粒的质量浓度为12 g/L时,镀层表面均匀、致密,孔隙率低,具有较好的性能。     

CNTs/Ni-W/CC复合电极的构筑及电解水析氢催化性能

在碳布材料(CC)表面首先电沉积W原子分数约为13％的Ni-W合金,再通过化学气相沉积(CVD)在其表面生长碳纳米管(CNTs),构筑出一种自支撑CNTs/Ni-W/CC复合电极.电化学测试表明:该复合电极在1 mol/L NaOH水溶液中表现出良好的电解水析氢(HER)催化性能.在不同温度下保温2 h所获样品中,90...     

Fabrication of porous Cu supported Ni-P/CeO2 composite coatings for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline solution

Cost-effective electrodes with high activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and durability are required to develop clean and renewable hydrogen energy. In this work, a porous Cu supported Ni-P/CeO₂ composite coating was fabricated by a facile electrodeposition technique. Owing to the contribution from the 3D porous Cu support and the incorporating agglomeration-free and uniformly distributed CeO₂ particles into the Ni-P matrix, the optimal composite coating (porous Cu supported Ni-P/CeO₂ (20 g L^-1)) exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic performance with small overpotentials (η) of 118 and 320 mV at a cathodic current density of 10 and 100 mA cm². Moreover, the composite electrode also presents excellent electrochemical stability in the alkaline solution. This work provides a feasible option to fabricate composite electrodes that may have desirable electrochemical properties for HER.     

非晶态Ni—Mo合金的电沉积

从含有NiSO_4、(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_(24)、NaCl、Na_3C_6H_5O_7和NH_3·H_2O的镀液中电沉积具有金属光泽并略带银灰色的非晶态Ni-Mo合金.研究了镀液的组成、pH值及阴极电流密度等对阴极电流效率、合金组成以及合金结构的影响.合金最大钼含量为29.4at%.当镀层中钼含量大于约25at%时,为非晶态结构.此外,还研究了Ni-Mo合金的析氢催化特性.     

Kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction on nanocrystalline electrodeposited Ni62Fe35C3 cathode in alkaline solution by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Ternary nickel-iron-carbon (Ni-Fe-C) alloys have been characterized by means of microstructural and electrochemical techniques in view of their possible applications as electrocatalytic materials for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The electrochemical efficiency of the electrodes has been evaluated on the basis of electrochemical data obtained from the steady-state polarization Tafel curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 1 M NaOH solution at 298 K in the absence and presence of cyanide ion as the poison. Steady-state polarization Tafel curves showed that the Ni-Fe-C electrodes were apparently active for the HER. Therefore, the EIS studies were performed to obtain more precise data and find the source of activity. A surface roughness of more than three orders of magnitude was observed for Ni₆₂Fe₃₅C₃ electrode. The rate constants of the forward and backward reactions of Volmer and Heyrovský steps were estimated by using Tafel-impedance data. A comparison between the values obtained for R_f by the EIS and the values obtained for k₂ by approximation of Tafel-impedance data revealed that the increase in activity of Ni₆₂Fe₃₅C₃ electrode toward the HER was partially (20%) originated from increase in the surface roughness, and mostly (80%) from increase in the intrinsic activity.     

The evaluation of the polarization resistance in a tubular electrode and its application to the hydrogen electrode reaction

An alternative method for the determination of the kinetic parameters involved in the elementary steps of the reaction mechanism of the hydrogen electrode reaction is proposed. It is based on the determination of the variation of the polarization resistance in a tubular platinum electrode with a laminar flow of electrolyte as a function of the activity of protons of the electrolyte solution. A theoretical expression that relates the experimental variables and the equilibrium polarization resistance is developed, which takes into account the current distribution along the electrode surface. The results are compared with others obtained previously, contributing to the verification of the kinetic mechanism through a completely different experimental procedure.     

直接电沉积法制备纳米银修饰丝网印刷电极及其对H2O2电催化性能的研究

采用直接电沉积法制备了纳米银修饰丝网印刷电极,利用扫描电子显微镜对电极表面纳米银颗粒进行了表征。实验结果表明,电极表面纳米银颗粒的尺寸和覆盖度随电沉积的时间而增加。研究了修饰电极的电化学性质,该电极对H2O2的电还原过程具有明显的催化作用。通过测量该还原电流,可以实现对10—3mmol／L范围内的H2O2进行测定。     

新型不锈钢基PbO2-WC-ZrO2复合电极材料的研制

在不锈钢基体上电沉积PbO2-WC-ZrO2复合镀层。研究了电沉积工艺参数对复合镀层的影响。确定了最佳工艺规范:J=3A/dm2,t=2.5h,θ=25°C,ρ(ZrO2)=40～50g/L,ρ(WC)=30～40g/L。获得了镀层结构均匀、致密,w(ZrO2)=4%～6%,w(WC)=7%～10%的PbO2-ZrO2-WC复合惰性阳极材料。将该阳极材料应用于电积锌其析氧电位为1700mV。新型PbO2-ZrO2-WC复合电极材料满足了惰性阳极材料的要求。     

二氧化铅电极的制备及应用现状

二氧化铅电极具有耐腐蚀性好、导电性强、析氧过电位高、催化性好、成本低等优点，是性能良好的阳极材料。介绍了二氧化铅电极的电化学性能及其在无机化学工业、有机化学工业和环保领域的应用现状；综合评述了国内外不同二氧化铅复合电极的制备方法、过程和不足；介绍了目前国内外最新的二氧化铅／SPE复合膜电极的发展现状、优点及制备方法。指出随着电化学工艺的发展，二氧化铝电极的应用将更加广泛，拥有更多优越性的二氧化铅／SPE复合膜电极的研究也将更加深入。     

凹凸棒土/石墨复合材料电极的制备及性质

以酸化处理的凹凸棒土粉和膨胀处理的石墨粉为原料、环氧树脂为粘合剂,制得凹凸棒土/石墨复合材料电极。采用扫描电镜、红外光谱等对其形貌和结构进行表征。探讨了电极材料类型、富集时间、平行测定次数对模拟苯酚废水峰电流的影响。研究结果表明,凹凸棒土/石墨复合材料电极比普通石墨电极对峰电流的响应更明显,且稳定性好,无二次污染。     

The single electrode Peltier heats of Li/Li, H2/H and Li/Pd-Li couples in molten LiCl-KCl systems

The thermoelectric power of the Li⁺/Li couple was measured in a LiCl-KCl eutectic melt at 633-773 K. The obtained value, 0.089 mV K⁻¹, gives the single electrode Peltier heat for the reaction

Li⁺+e⁻?Li