从氯化烟尘酸浸液中萃取提纯钪的实验研究

用萃取法对氯化烟尘酸浸液中钪的提纯进行了实验研究。萃取体系采用P204＋改质剂＋磺化煤油。结果表明：钪的萃取率为99．7％，铁、锰的去除率最高分别达到98．1％和99．3％。有机相用NaOH溶液反萃，反萃率可达99．6％，有效地实现了钪与铁、锰杂质的分离。     

镓的溶剂萃取

在大量资料的基础上，综述在不同条件下，不同萃取剂苹取镓的研究结果．     

萃取分离Pt,Rh,Pd,Ir的工艺研究

实验研究了从铂族金属溶液中草取分离Pt，Pd，Rh，Ir的工艺，较好地分离除去了残金属离子；提出了采用铜试剂＋氯仿螯台萃取Pd的新方法．实验证明，采用连续萃取工艺取代部分沉淀法，可提高铑的直收率（＞85％），简化工艺，缩短生产周期．     

A Review on the Separation of Niobium and Tantalum by Solvent Extraction

Niobium and tantalum are found together in natural minerals. Leaching with concentrated acid solution or alkaline roasting followed by water/dilute acid leaching results in a solution containing these two metals. In this work, we reviewed the extraction and separation of Nb(V) and Ta(V) from leach liquors in the absence and presence of hydrofluoric acid by acidic, neutral extractants and amines. Several solvent extraction systems were compared in the light of the requirement of hazardous chemicals, extraction/separation efficiency, and stability/solubility of extractants. Since the cationic species of Nb(V) and Ta(V) are unstable in the aqueous solution, the application of acidic extractants for extraction and separation of these metals is limited. Amines can extract Nb(V) as well as Ta(V) irrespective of the presence of fluoride ion but the separation of these metals from the loaded amines should be carried out in stripping process, resulting in process complexity. Another disadvantage encountered for amine is related to high viscosity in extraction process. Neutral extractants are considered as promising extractants which are effective to separate Ta(V) and Nb(V) from either non-fluoride or to moderate fluoride ion concentration in terms of extraction, separation and stripping efficiency. Compared to the traditional methyl iso-butyl ketone (MIBK) based system, methyl isoamyl ketone (MIAK) is found to be a promising extractant to separate Nb(V) and Ta(V).     

环烷酸萃取法生产高纯氧化钇工艺概述

简述了高纯氧化钇的主产工艺，并重点介绍了RECl3／HCl／环烷酸-混合醇-煤油萃取体系生产高纯氧化钇的原理、流程和萃取操作异常的原因及处理办法。     

人工手动闭环控制镧铈萃取分离过程的试验研究

采用离线分析手动增量ＰＩ反馈控制，在混合澄清槽镧铈分离的两个出口都稳定得到了高于４Ｎ和３Ｎ纯度的产品。作者认为如用ＰＩＤ反馈控制，可提高控制质量。     

絮凝剂对铜萃取分相速度的影响

研究了萃取原液中加入絮凝剂去除杂质并澄清后对铜萃取分相速度的影响.试验结果表明,矿石浸出液在萃取前加入X型絮凝剂絮凝并强制过滤,可去除其中大量悬浮物,适量加入絮凝剂对铜的溶剂萃取分相影响不明显.     

A Review on Separation of Gallium and Indium from Leach Liquors by Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange

Considering the growing demand for In(III) and Ga(III) for the manufacture of advanced materials, it is necessary to develop efficient separation processes for recovery of these metals from primary and secondary resources. In the present work, separation of In(III) and Ga(III) from different aqueous mediums by solvent extraction, ion exchange, and solvent-impregnated resins/gels was reviewed. Although complete separation of In(III) from Ga(III) is possible using ion exchange or solvent-impregnated resins/gels, these methods are limited in industrial applications due to low adsorption capacity for metals. Solvent extraction with amines, acidic, and neutral extractants is commonly employed to separate these two metal ions. Amines and neutral extractants can extract both In(III) and Ga(III) and then these metals are separated by selective stripping. By contrast, solvent extraction with acidic extractants including commercial and synthetic extractants results in complete separation of In(III) and Ga(III). Compared to common commercial extractants such as D2EHPA, PC88A, Cyanex 272, and Cyanex 301, synthetic extractants offer higher extraction and separation efficiency, but extraction kinetics and stripping efficiency in these systems should be improved in the future.     

微波在溶剂萃取中的应用

微波萃取技术是近年来发展较快的一种新型提取技术.介绍了微波加热的原理、特点和微波强化萃取的机理及应用,展望了微波在萃取冶金应用中的发展前景.     

从石煤提钒酸浸液中萃取分离硫酸

采用萃取法从石煤高酸浸出液中优先萃取分离硫酸,考查还原剂用量、萃取剂浓度、萃取温度、萃取时间对硫酸萃取率的影响。结果表明,在还原剂亚硫酸钠用量2g/L、萃取剂三异辛胺浓度40%、萃取温度25℃、萃取时间2min、相比O/A=1/1的条件下,经4级萃取,浸出液中硫酸浓度由110g/L降低至5.25g/L,浸出液pH升高至2.3,可直接用于萃取钒。以60℃热水为反萃剂、O/A=1/3条件下,经5级反萃,99%以上的硫酸可被反萃出来。萃取过程无其它药剂消耗,有机相可循环使用,且回收的硫酸可再利用。     

用溶剂萃取法从卤水中提取镁

侧重介绍了用 P2 0 4和磺化煤油作有机相 ,用溶剂萃取法从卤水中提取镁的小型试验和台架试验结果 ;提出了工艺流程及工艺参数。     

溶剂萃取法在钨湿法冶金中的应用

概述了溶剂萃取技术在钨冶金方面的应用。主要介绍了钨酸钠溶液的萃取转型、碱性条件下钨酸钠溶液直接萃取和萃取法分离钨、钼工艺研究进展。认为今后钨的溶剂萃取技术研究方向应是自动化、智能化,缩短工艺流程,寻求新型高效萃取剂和清洁生产工艺。     

离心式溶剂萃取新技术及在有色行业的应用

离心式溶剂萃取新技术在有色行业应用越来越普遍。从核心设备离心萃取机参数计算,以及新结构、新材料等新技术层面,详细阐述了离心式溶剂萃取工艺的最新进展,并结合有色行业的典型应用案例,针对性地就操作单元综合、两相密度差小、流比范围大等苛刻工况进行详细剖析。生产应用表明,离心式萃取工艺在有色行业应用具有明显优势。     

从氨溶液中萃取镍的试验研究

用某镍矿粗制的氢氧化镍中,铁、钙、镁、硅、铜、锌、钴等杂质含量较高,进一步氨浸后,镍、铜、锌、钴等生成金属-氨络合物进入溶液,用氨性萃取剂萃取、硫酸反萃取,可将镍与其他杂质分离,获得满足电积要求的镍溶液.     

溶剂萃取法从含铍溶液中分离铍

采用溶剂萃取法从某复杂低品位铍矿的硫酸浸出液中进行铍的分离,研究了不同因素对铍的单级萃取效果的影响。结果表明,最佳条件为:水相pH=2～2.5、浸出液初始铍浓度1.5～2.5g/L、P204体积分数30%、萃取时间20min、相比为1。在此条件下四级逆流萃取后铍萃取率可达到98.50%。     

Cyanex有机膦类萃取剂在贵金属溶剂萃取中的研究和应用

介绍了近年来Cyanex有机膦类萃取剂在贵金属溶剂萃取中的研究状况及应用进展，展望了该类萃取剂在贵金属分离提取中的应用前景。     

溶剂萃取铜过程中减少相夹带的措施

介绍了铜溶剂萃取过程中影响夹带的因素及夹带的影响,提出了控制相夹带的方法和措施,并探讨了铜溶剂萃取过程中的一些共性问题。     

Optimization of Solvent Extraction Process Parameters of Indian Coal

Medium coking coals from West Bokaro coalfield, India, were extracted with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and ethylenediamine (EDA) under reflux condition at atmospheric pressure. The objective of the study was to maximize the clean coal yield maintaining the specified clean coal ash content. Experimentations using three level full factorial designs were carried out to elucidate the importance of variables such as extraction time, coal to solvent ratio, and filtration mesh size upon solvent extraction of coal. To determine the significance of the effects, Pareto chart, residual analysis, and surface plots were used. It was found that the maximum extraction yield was obtained for 1 h extraction time and 1:12 coal to solvent ratio. Finer mesh (0.025 mm) size in filtration was found favorable in producing low ash clean coal (CC). Under optimum conditions it was possible to produce clean coal with 6% ash and 55% yield for coals having about 29% ash.     

用环烷酸石油亚砜从混合氯化稀土溶液中萃取分离钇

进行了用环烷酸石油亚砜从混合氯化稀土溶液中萃取分离钇的研究。用混合室体积为 1 2 0 L混合澄清槽 ,经 1 2 0级串级分馏萃取分离 ,可获得纯度大于 99.99%的 YC1 3溶液。与环烷酸混合醇体系相比 ,环烷酸石油亚砜体系的分相性能及有机相流动性更好。分离出的 YC1 3溶液经进一步分离非稀土杂质后 ,可用于制取荧光级 Y2 O3产品 ,产品收率可达 90 .5%。     

恒定混合萃取比八组份体系萃取分离动态过程的研究

本工作模拟实际的生产过程，用计算机仿真实验研究了八组份体系稀土萃取分离的动态过程。整个李取槽从启动达到平衡约需十个排级比的时间（约１２０小时），但两相出口产品则在不到两个排级比的时间内就先后都达到了９９．９９％的纯度。萃取槽能处于不同的平衡态，研究了不同平衡态下两相出口产品的纯度和各组份在萃取槽的积累量以及存在的积累峰现象。对所谓“无效区”的现象进行了讨论，并提出了消除“无效区”的方法。研究了输入变量扰动下萃取槽的开环响应和料液组份变动时前馈控制下的开环响应，得到了优化的前馈控制方案，并为反馈控制方案的设计提供了依据。