矩形截面铝合金环件轧制成形方法

在试验和生产实践基础上,提出了一种采用空气锤自由锻制坯、轻向轧环机轧制成形矩形截面铝合金环件的新方法,通过设计轧制用毛坯、轧制孔型、轧制工艺参数,成功实现了矩形截面铝合金环件轧制成形和批量生产。     

阶梯环向筋筒形件轧制成形工艺研究

介绍了现有筒形件加工工艺，分析了筒形件不同加工工艺的特点。根据大长径比、阶梯环向筋筒形件的特点，给出了径向轧制成形工艺方案，轧制的咬入条件，并进行了变形分析，分析了该工艺的优点和存在的问题。     

铝合金半球形件冲压成形数值模拟与实验研究

变形铝合金冲压成形性能研究是国内外研究的重点课题。本文以铝合金半球形件为例,采用实验和数值模拟相结合的方法探索了铝合金半球形件冲压成形的基本规律。研究表明,压边力对铝合金板材件的冲压成形质量具有重大影响,合理的压边力能大大提高铝合金半球形件的成形性。另外,采用仿真软件对板材件的冲压成形过程进行模拟分析,可大大缩短产品及模具的开发周期,提高产品的成形质量及市场竞争力。     

42CrMo环件轧制成形的数值模拟与分析

在Deform-3D平台下建立环件径-轴向轧制的三维有限元模型,结合理论研究和实际试验对42CrMo环件的轧制成形过程进行数值模拟与分析,并研究其轧制过程中的变形规律及成形情况,为轧制生产合格环件提供合理工艺。结果显示:42CrMo环件轧制成形的模拟结果和理论研究吻合,大变形区为环件外圈,内径扩大速度大于外径;等效应变值外圈大于内圈,中心最小,最大等效应变处于轴向端面的棱角处;环件温度外圈高于内圈,中心最高,端面棱角处最低;材料损伤最严重的部位为轴向端面,最大损伤值为0.645。对模拟结果进行理论验证和实际试验验证,环件尺寸的模拟值和理论值误差在5%以内,试验结果和模拟结果接近。     

锥台复合截面环件精密轧制毛坯的优化设计方法

针对广泛用于油气管道阀门、航空发动机机匣及结合环中的锥台复合截面环件较难同时获得所需的直径尺寸和台阶形状的问题,提出"等壁厚型"和"变壁厚型"两种环坯设计方法。借助ABAQUS模拟平台,建立两种轧制环坯设计下的锥台复合截面环件轧制过程的有限元仿真模型,分析两种环坯轧制过程中的台阶充型规律及最终的成形环件尺寸误差。结果表明,"变壁厚型"环坯比"等壁厚型"环坯轧制成形后尺寸精度高。为获得最优的尺寸精度,在"变壁厚型"环坯设计基础上,添加尺寸修正系数η。通过对比不同修正系数η下的环坯轧制成形尺寸精度,得出尺寸修正系数η在1η1.1范围内的"变壁厚型"环坯为最优环件轧制毛坯。基于模拟结果,在WD51Y-250多功能轧环机上进行锥台复合截面环件轧制实验,验证有限元模拟的可靠性和环坯设计方案的可行性。     

环件轧制过程三维动态数值模拟

由于环件轧制受到静力学、运动学和动力学因素的影响,使得控制环件成形具有高度的复杂性,采用传统的试凑法很难满足产品研发的需要。本文基于通用动力显式有限元软Ansys/LS dyna建立了RAW200/160-5型径轴向轧环机的三维仿真模型,对某矩形截面环件进行了虚拟轧制,结果显示了环件扩展和缺陷生成的动态过程以及应力、应变和位移云图。仿真结果表明,采用计算机模拟环件轧制生产过程,对于优化毛坯形状,制定或修改环件轧制工艺,缩减产品研发时间,降低生产成本,提高轧制效率具有重要的意义。     

Φ9m超大型环件径轴向轧制成形仿真模拟与实验

目前,国内对Φ5m以上超大型环件轧制技术与装备的研究几乎是空白,该文在自主研制的最大轧制Φ9m的RAM9000大型数控径轴向轧环机上,开展了大型风电设备用Φ9m风塔法兰环件轧制成形工艺模拟与实验研究。基于环件轧制工艺设计理论并结合生产实践经验,设计了Φ9m超大型环件轧制工艺参数;针对超大型环件轧制变形特点,提出了一种新的进给规范。运用ABAQUS有限元模拟软件进行轧制成形仿真模拟分析,并以仿真模拟结果为指导,在RAM9000数控径轴向轧环机上成功轧制成形了Φ9m风塔法兰环件。为推进我国超大型环件轧制技术开发与应用奠定了重要基础。     

环件轧制过程中的横向变形

本文应用流函数概念,构造了环件轧制的三维速度场,分析了环件横向变形及侧表面形状。     

环件轧制锻透条件有限元模拟及实验研究

为了研究环件轧制时压下量和锻透之间的关系,本文建立了环件轧制三维有限元模型。用塑性泥为模拟材料对环件轧制的锻透情况进行模拟,获得了不同压下量下的应变场和载荷行程曲线。在DNS200电子万能试验机上作塑性泥环坯压下实验,也获得了不同压下量下小孔应变量和载荷行程曲线,有限元模拟和实验研究的结果吻合良好。本文提出的压下量与锻透之间的关系为实际生产时工艺选择奠定了基础。     

铝合金环件淬火热处理数值模拟研究

介绍了热应力场作用下铝合金环件残余应力的产生机理,通过有限元专业仿真软件Abaqus建立2219型铝合金环件有限元数值模型,分析得到了2219型铝合金环件在淬火过程中的温度场和残余应力分布规律。有限元模拟结果表明：环件外表面边缘交线处温降速率最大,芯部温降速率最小,环件表面温降速率介于边缘交线和芯部之间;环件内外表面和心部应力在淬火过程中出现陡峭增大后减小,减小至拐点后又增大并趋于平稳。同时环件芯部与内外表面应力大小基本一致,均大于环件上下表面应力。     

双驱动轧制成形对5A02铝合金环件应变及组织分布的影响

为了改善轧制环件的应变分布、提高环件组织性能,提出环件双驱动轧制成形工艺方法。以5A02铝合金环件为研究对象,通过有限元分析方法对环件双驱动轧制过程进行研究,重点分析了不同的芯辊转速对环件轧制力能参数、等效应变分布以及成形精度等的影响规律。结果表明,双驱动轧制成形相比常规环件轧制工艺,环件沿径向等效应变分布的均匀性提高了50%,且轧制过程中环件的形状精度保持性好,有利于改善环件的组织分布均匀性,提高轧制环件的综合力学性能。根据仿真计算结果,制定较优的环件双驱动轧制工艺方案,并进行环件轧制试验和显微组织分析,双驱动轧制环件内部枝晶相均匀分布且细小,弥散质点分布均匀,验证了该工艺方案的有效性。     

基于ABAQUS药芯铝焊丝铝带成型过程的仿真研究

在对显式动力学有限元方法的概念、基本理论和应用范围进行了阐述的基础上,通过ABAQUS有限元仿真软件,在Explict显式动力学模块中,对4047铝药芯焊丝轧制过程中4047铝带成型过程进行了模拟仿真.比较不同铝带速度下铝带成型质量.比较不同质量缩放因子下仿真结果稳定的4047铝合金的成型质量,择优选出成型质量最好、运算速度最快的质量缩放因子.比较不同上下轧辊轴线距离时4047铝合金成型质量,得出了当上下轧辊的距离为4047铝带厚度时其成型质量最佳.     

大型风电轴承套圈滚道轧制数值模拟与实验

风电轴承是风电装备的关键零件,而套圈作为轴承的核心组件,对轴承服役寿命以及主机运行可靠性至关重要。环件径轴向轧制是制造各种大型无缝轴承套圈、回转支承、法兰环件的先进回转塑性成形工艺。目前,风电装备中应用的各种球轴承,其套圈滚道均是通过切削加工成形,材料浪费多,加工效率低,且滚道金属流线分布差,削弱了套圈的力学性能。文章以典型的大型双滚道风电轴承套圈为对象,开展其滚道轧制成形数值模拟和实验研究。通过环件轧制工艺理论分析,提出了主要工艺参数设计方法;建立套圈径轴向轧制热力耦合有限元模型,通过模拟分析,对轧制进给规程进行优化;根据模拟结果,开展了轧制实验,成功轧制成形出合格的双滚道轴承套圈。该文研究实现了大型风电轴承套圈滚道直接轧制成形,为风电以及其他领域用大型轴承套圈、回转支承环件节能节材的先进制造,提供了有效的工艺理论指导。     

Effect of sizes of forming rolls on cold ring rolling by 3D-FE numerical simulation

During cold ring rolling process, changing the sizes of forming rolls including driver roll and idle roll will lead to a change of amount of feed △h and contact areas between ring blank and forming rolls, thus a change of the shape and dimension of deformation zone located in the gap of forming rolls is found. It has a significant effect on metal flow and the forming quality of deformed ring. So the size effect of forming rolls on cold ring rolling was investigated by three-dimensional dynamic explicit FEM under ABAQUS environment. The obtained results thoroughly reveal the influence laws of the sizes of forming rolls on the average spread, fishtail coefficient, degree ofinhomogeneous deformation and force and power parameters etc not only provide an important basis for design of the forming rolls and optimization of cold ring rolling process, but also reveal the plastic deformation mechanism of cold ring rolling.     

铝合金曲面斜法兰罩盖成形工艺的数值模拟与试验研究

研究了铝合金罩盖刚性模拉深预成形-新淬火-充液拉深终成形的多道次成形工艺。通过分析零件的几何特征,确定预成形中间构型的几何形状以及确定合理的冲压方向。基于有限元分析软件Dynaform对成形工艺进行模拟分析,优化成形过程的关键工艺参数,并进行试验验证与优化。研究表明:液室压力及加载路径对充液拉深成形零件质量影响较大,成形所需最大液室压力为15 MPa,充液拉深终成形后的零件壁厚最大减薄率为11.424%,侧壁与法兰没有明显的起皱趋势。试验证明对于该铝合金罩盖零件,采用刚性模拉深预成形-新淬火-充液拉深终成形的多道次成形工艺较传统多道次拉深工艺有明显的优势,可得到表面质量良好的合格零件。     

FE simulation and experimental research on cylindrical ring rolling

During the conventional ring rolling process, the ring mainly produces the incremental deformation of wall-thickness reduction and diameter expansion, which makes it difficult to manufacture the cylindrical ring with small diameter and large height. In this paper, a new method for manufacturing the cylindrical ring using a ring blank with smaller height, i.e. cylindrical ring rolling, is proposed and its feasibility is verified. For evaluating the cylindrical ring rolling process and to better understanding its deformation characteristics, a 3D elastic–plastic FE model of cylindrical ring rolling is first established. Then, the comparison between conventional ring rolling and cylindrical ring rolling is investigated using this 3D FE model. Finally, the effects of the process parameters, such as the feed rate of the idle roll, diameter of the idle roll and friction coefficient between the rolls and ring, on cylindrical ring rolling are numerically revealed. The experiment is carried out on a vertical NC ring rolling machine and the good agreements between the experimental and simulation results verify the validity of the established 3D FE model of the cylindrical ring rolling.     

Numerical simulation of influence of material parameters on splitting spinning of aluminum alloy

During the splitting spinning process, the material parameters of disk blank have a significant effect on the determination of forming parameters and the quality of deformed blank. The influence laws of material parameters, including yield stress, hardening exponent and elastic modulus, on splitting spinning force, splitting spinning moment, degree of inhomogeneous deformation and quality of flange （average thickness and average deviation angle） were investigated by 3D-FE numerical simulation based on elasto-plastic dynamic explicit FEM under ABAQUS/Explicit environment. The results show that, the splitting spinning force and the splitting spinning moment increase with the increase of yield stress, hardening exponent and elastic modulus. The degree of inhomogeneous deformation increases with the decrease of yield stress and hardening exponent and the increase of elastic modulus. The average thickness of flange increases with the decrease of yield stress and the increase of hardening exponent and elastic modulus. The average deviation angle of upper surface increases with the increase of yield stress and the decrease of hardening exponent and elastic modulus. The average deviation angle of lower surface increases with the decrease of yield stress, hardening exponent and elastic modulus. Meanwhile, the corresponding variation ranges are given. The achievements may serve as an important guide for selecting the reasonable processing parameters of splitting spinning based on different aluminum alloys, and are very significant for optimum design and precision control of the splitting spinning process.     

鼓形环坯轧制的宏微观变化数值模拟研究

针对鼓形环坯建立了环件径轴向轧制三维有限元模型,通过Simufact软件对鼓形环坯轧制的宏微观变化进行了耦合模拟,模拟揭示了鼓形环坯在轧制过程中的温度、等效应变、晶粒、动态再结晶的分布和演化规律;深入研究了轧制成形过程中径向每圈压入量对环锻件微观组织大小的影响规律。结果表明:基于鼓形环坯获得的环锻件,其内外侧棱边处发生的动态再结晶体积分数最大,晶粒最为细小,其次是内外表面和上下表面,心部动态再结晶体积分数最小,晶粒尺寸最大;适当增大径向每圈压入量,能够扩大动态再结晶区域,获得晶粒尺寸细小的环锻件。     

Numerical and experimental study of phase transformation in resistance spot welding of 6082 aluminum alloy

Resistance spot welding(RSW) is an efficient and convenient joining process for aluminum alloy sheet assembly. Because the RSW has the character of energy concentration and quick cooling rate, the microstructure transformation of the base metal can be confined in the least limit. The material properties and the welding parameters have significant effects on thequality of the nugget. To predict the microstructure evolution in the melted zone and the heat-affected zone, an electrical, thermal, metallurgical and mechanical coupled finite element model is described and applied to simulate the welding process of the 6082 aluminum alloy. Experimental tests are also carried out. The comparison between experimental and numerical results shows that the adopted model is effective enough to well interpret and predict some important phenomena in terms of the phase transformation in spot welding of 6082 aluminum alloy.