基于Mann-Whitney秩和检验的无线局域网室内映射与定位方法

该文提出一种基于Mann-Whitney秩和检验的无线局域网(WLAN)室内映射与定位方法。该方法首先根据实际定位精度需求对目标区域中的运动路径进行分段,同时基于Mann-Whitney秩和检验方法合并相似运动路径片段;然后,利用一种基于相似接收信号强度(RSS)序列片段的信号聚类算法,保证同一聚类中RSS样本的物理邻接关系;最后,通过骨干节点的扩散映射,建立物理与信号空间的映射关系,实现对运动用户的定位。实验结果表明,相比于已有WLAN室内映射与定位方法,该文方法在无需运动传感器辅助和构建位置指纹数据库的条件下,能够实现更高的映射与定位精度。     

基于Wi-Fi的动态室内定位方法

针对目前动态室内定位方法定位精度不足，研究基于Wi-Fi的动态室内定位方法。该方法利用传感器采集Wi-Fi的RSS(received signal strength，接收信号强度)指纹信号后，使用改进非均值滤波算法去除RSS指纹信号的干扰噪声，以不含干扰噪声的RSS指纹信号作为基础，使用基于指纹子空间匹配动态室内定位方法，计算不同阶段RSS指纹覆盖向量、汉明距离以及欧式距离等，得到若干个动态室内定位估计值，再使用峰值密度聚类算法对若干个动态室内定位估计值进行估计，获取估计值中可信的估计位置，即动态室内定位结果。实验结果表明：该方法不仅可有效去除RSS指纹信号含有的干扰噪声，还可对动态室内目标进行准确定位，定位误差仅为-1～0.5 m，定位精度较高。     

基于多源信息融合的RBF神经网络室内可见光定位算法

针对基于接收信号强度（RSS）的定位技术易受环境干扰而导致定位精度不高和稳定性较差的问题,提出了一种基于多源信息融合的径向基函数（RBF）神经网络室内可见光定位算法。通过将图像的颜色矩特征与RSS矩特征融合,构建指纹库,并采用RBF神经网络进行预测,实现了图像与RSS之间的优势互补,最后对定位算法进行了验证。实验结果表明,经过优化的多源信息融合定位算法较单一RSS定位算法的定位精度提高了9.4%。     

基于核化K-means和SVM分类回归的Wi-Fi室内定位算法

针对目前指纹室内定位系统指纹库管理效率低、实时性差和定位精度低的问题,提出了一种新的基于核化K-means和SVM分类回归的无线定位算法。首先利用核化K-means算法将输入的预处理后的RSS(Received Signal Strength)信号进行无监督聚类,将聚类后的数据信息存入指纹特征数据库,然后通过SVM回归的机器学习算法对特征数据库的数据进行训练,得到一种最优的拟合位置函数的数学模型。并且采用粒子群算法对参数进行寻优,进行实验仿真。实验结果表明,该算法有效地提升了定位精度,优于KNN、WKNN、SVR等室内定位算法。     

TOA/RSS混合信息室内可见光定位方法

为提高室内定位精度,提出一种基于混合到达时间/接收信号强度(TOA/RSS)信息的定位方法。针对室内可见光定位中存在的多径效应造成的定位非线性误差,引入前置无迹卡尔曼滤波的粒子滤波算法,将TOA信息与RSS信息相融合,达到修正非线性误差的目的。然后综合考虑接收端惯性传感参数,对接收端进行运动分析,提升估算坐标的精度。在长宽均为5 m、高度为3 m的室内进行定位仿真,在12 W发光二极管(LED)发射功率下,所提方法获得了平均定位误差为2.02 cm的定位精度。仿真结果证明,所提定位方法的定位性能总体优于指纹定位方法和三边定位的RSS定位方法,具有较强的鲁棒性和较低的定位延迟。     

基于最小均方误差选择参考节点的RSS测距定位算法

无线传感网中的多类应用均需要准确的定位算法.为了降低定位成本,减少能量消耗,常采用基于接收信号强度RSS(Received Signal Strength)测距,并建立相应的方程,再利用线性最小二乘LLS(Linear Least Squares)法求解节点的位置,将此定位算法记为RSS+LLS算法.RSS+LLS算法随机选择参考节点,这有损定位精度,同时,LLS算法并没有考虑每个测距值的误差,这些不足降低算法的定位性能.为此,提出基于RSS+LLS的优化算法,记为RSS+WLS+OPT算法.该算法先通过RSS测距,并基于最小均方误差原则选择参考节点,从而提高定位精度,同时,给每个测距值引入权重系数,采用基于协方差矩阵的加权最小二乘法WLS(Weighted Least Squares)求解节点位置,进而降低了测量误差对定位精度的影响.仿真结果表明,与RSS+ LLS相比,提出的RSS+WLS+OPT算法的定位精度提高了约2米,并没有增加计算时间,降低对测距误差的敏感性.     

基于偏度-峰度检验的无线局域网室内定位算法

针对室内无线局域网环境下接收信号强度(RSS,received signal strength)样本总体分布不一致而产生较大定位误差的问题,提出了一种基于偏度-峰度检验的室内定位算法.利用偏度-峰度检验法检验RSS样本是否来自正态总体,接受零假设的样本用正态分布近似其总体分布,拒绝零假设的样本用核函数估计其概率密度.实验结果表明提出算法的定位精度比传统算法提高15％以上,而且在相同的定位精度下,能明显降低离线阶段的工作量.     

基于接收信号强度非齐性分布特征的半监督学习室内定位指纹库构建

室内定位中半监督学习的指纹库构建方法能够降低人力开销,但忽略了高维接收信号强度(RSS)数据不均匀的非齐分布特点,影响定位精度,针对此问题该文提出一种基于RSS非齐性分布特征的半监督流形对齐指纹库构建方法。该算法运用局部RSS尺度参数以及共享近邻相似性构造权重矩阵,得到精确反映RSS数据流形结构的权重图,利用该权重图通过求解流形对齐的目标函数最优解,实现运用少量标记数据对大量未标记数据的位置标定。实验结果表明,该算法可以显著降低离线阶段数据采集的工作量,同时可以取得较高的定位精度。     

融合角度特征的CNN可见光室内定位算法

针对可见光室内定位精度不高的问题,提出一种融合角度特征的卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neu-ral Network,CNN)可见光室内定位算法.首先在基于接收信号强度(Received signal strength,RSS)的基础上,考虑到LED(Lighting Emitting Diode,LED)...     

基于RSS的室内可见光差分修正定位算法

可见光通信技术是利用白光LED同时实现照明和通信的新型通信技术,为室内定位技术提供了新的可能.针对可见光通信中接收信号强度RSS随机波动较大的问题,提出一种基于RSS的改进的差分修正定位算法,通过将各个参考节点分别作为差分修正参考节点进行定位修正,规避了设定参考节点权重过大的问题.该定位算法有效地提高了室内定位精度,无需增加额外硬件设备,计算量小,容易实现.仿真结果表明,该定位算法在5m×5m×3m的空间区域中能够实现约15 cm的平均定位误差性能.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first