纤维素及其衍生物在肉制品中的应用

膳食纤维由于具有多种生理活性被称为第七大营养素,其在肉品加工中的应用也越来越引起关注。纤维素化学组分单一、结构明确,在膳食纤维领域具有重要的研究和应用价值。本文归纳了纤维素及其衍生物的种类、理化性质和食品加工性能,阐述了纤维素与肉中蛋白质的相互作用及影响因素,介绍了各类纤维素在肉制品中的具体研究进展,同时探讨了其在降低肉制品脂肪含量、保持水分、提高口感、改善品质、增加健康性等方面的可行性,为丰富与拓展纤维素在肉制品中的应用提供参考。     

香辛料中植物化学物对肉制品品质及健康功效影响研究进展

香辛料是肉类食品加工过程中常用的一种辅料,其在改善食品风味、抑菌防腐以及延长食品保质期方面的能力得到了广泛的认可.香辛料中的植物化学物种类丰富,在食品加工以及贮藏过程中,可能与肉制品中的营养成分以及风味成分发生相互作用,从而改善食品的营养品质以及风味特性.同时,大多数香辛料中的植物化学物具有一定的抗氧化、抗炎等作用,能...     

Lycopene: Its Properties and Relationship to Human Health

Lycopene is a carotenoid naturally present in tomatoes. Among the carotenoids, lycopene is a major component found in the serum. Several studies including animal, cell culture, and epidemiological investigations have demonstrated that dietary lycopene has the ability or potential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer and coronary heart disease. The role of lycopene in human health is thought to be its role as an antioxidant, but recent studies have demonstrated that other mechanisms are responsible for its beneficial properties. These include intercellular gap junction communication, hormonal and immune system modulation, and metabolic pathways. This article summarizes the background information about lycopene and presents the most current knowledge with respect to its role in human health, stability, toxicity, and extraction methods.     

Fruit-based Natural Antioxidants in Meat and Meat Products: A Review

Due to the potential toxic effects of synthetic antioxidants, natural antioxidant sources especially fruits are being preferred now-a-days for use in different meat products. The majority of the antioxidant capacity of a fruit is especially because of numerous phenolic compounds. Many of the phytochemicals present in fruits may help protect cells against the oxidative damage caused by free radicals, thereby reducing the risk of degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, various types of cancers, and neurological diseases. Various parts of the fruit including their byproducts like skin and seeds have been used in meat products. Plum has been used as plum puree, prunes (dried plum), and plum extracts. Grape skin, seed, peel extracts, and grape pomace; berries as cakes and powder extracts; pomegranate rind powder and its juice; and most of the citrus fruits have proved beneficial sources of antioxidants. All these natural sources have effectively reduced the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values and free radical frequency. Thus, lipid oxidation is prevented and shelf life is greatly enhanced by incorporating various kinds of fruits and their byproducts in meat and meat products. There is a great scope for the use of fruits as natural sources of antioxidants in meat industry. The review is intended to provide an overview of the fruit-based natural antioxidants in meat and meat products.     

Lycopene: Its Properties and Relationship to Human Health

Lycopene is a carotenoid naturally present in tomatoes. Among the carotenoids, lycopene is a major component found in the serum. Several studies including animal, cell culture, and epidemiological investigations have demonstrated that dietary lycopene has the ability or potential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer and coronary heart disease. The role of lycopene in human health is thought to be its role as an antioxidant, but recent studies have demonstrated that other mechanisms are responsible for its beneficial properties. These include intercellular gap junction communication, hormonal and immune system modulation, and metabolic pathways. This article summarizes the background information about lycopene and presents the most current knowledge with respect to its role in human health, stability, toxicity, and extraction methods.     

辐照处理肉及其制品的脂肪氧化效应研究

辐照处理肉及肉制品能有效的提高肉品的卫生安全质量、延长保质期。但是，辐照处理会加速肉与肉制品中脂肪的氧化。本文阐述了辐照诱导肉及肉制品脂肪氧化的机理，并对影响脂肪氧化的因素如辐照剂量、环境温度、包装形式以及抗氧化剂筛选及添加量等进行了综述。     

Meat Products as Functional Foods: A Review

ABSTRACT: Numerous studies have sought to demonstrate the possibility of changing the image of meat and meat products from the traditionally accepted image to one of healthy living thanks to the addition (vegetables, extracts, fibers, and so forth), elimination (fats), and reduction (additives) of different ingredients. This article presents a revision of studies published in recent years on the topic and looks at possible future trends in the sector, analyzing the changes that have occurred in the traditional meat industry as global forces in the agro food industry direct it more and more to the design and production of functional foods.     

可食用膜的简介及其在肉及肉制品中应用的研究进展

肉及肉制品腐败变质不仅影响销售,而且存在一定安全风险。可食用膜是包裹或涂覆在食品表面的一层薄膜,可以搭载功能活性物质,具有良好的阻隔性,抗菌抗氧化等功效,从而延长肉及肉制品的货架期。基于此,本文介绍了可食用膜的主要成分、制备及在肉及肉制品领域的应用情况,以期为肉及肉制品储藏保鲜提供科学依据和理论基础。     

番茄红素及其制品稳定性研究进展

番茄红素是一种功能性食用色素,具有优越的生理功能。但是它不稳定,容易被氯化而影响其保健作用的发挥,文中就番茄红素及其制品的稳定性做一综述。     

即食肉制品微生物污染及其控制技术研究进展

即食肉制品营养丰富、方便快捷,深受消费者喜爱。然而即食肉制品在加工、贮藏、运输和销售等环节极 易受到单增李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌等微生物的污染。本文主要综述近年来即食肉制品微生物污染控 制技术,如热处理技术、非热处理技术、抑菌剂和包装技术等的研究进展,探讨各种控制技术的技术特点和优缺 点,以期为各种控制技术在即食肉制品加工中的应用提供参考。     

Salt Intake from Processed Meat Products: Benefits,Risks and Evolving Practices

Currently, there is major consumer concern about dietary salt intake worldwide. However, even with the development of contemporary preservation practices, sodium chloride is still essential in processed meat products. Despite a long history of use, salt is now seriously controversial in food due to health concerns that are mostly related to high blood pressure and cardiovascular risks. Changes in meat processing methods have reduced those potential risks, but different perceptions continue to shape how consumers and society view dietary salt. The current consumer demand for additive‐free food, such as the clean‐label movement, has renewed consumer willingness for naturalness in food products.     

醇法大豆浓缩蛋白改性及在肉制品中的应用

采用醇法提取大豆浓缩蛋白具有明显优势,但此方法提取的大豆浓缩蛋白功能性不好,应用受限。本文介绍了通过物理、化学、酶法、基因工程等方法对醇法大豆浓缩蛋白进行改性,改性后醇法大豆浓缩蛋白的功能性明显提高。改性后的醇法大豆浓缩蛋白应用于肉制品中具有优良的持水持油性、乳化性以及凝胶性,可以提高肉制品的组织结构特性,并降低生产成本,且价格低廉,是一种性价比很高的大豆蛋白产品。     

超声波技术在肉及肉制品中的应用研究进展

超声波作为一种新型绿色食品加工技术,具有缩短加工时间、降低生产成本和改善肉及肉制品品质等优势,在肉及肉制品行业中的应用受到广泛关注。本文综述超声波技术对肉及肉制品理化特性（嫩度、持水性、色泽、氧化稳定性和pH值）的影响及其机理,此外,对超声波技术在腌制、冷冻和解冻、杀菌等肉制品加工工艺中的应用和影响机制进行总结,为其在肉及肉制品实际生产中的应用提供理论依据。     

辐照技术在肉制品杀菌保鲜中的应用

辐照是利用原子能射线的辐照能量对食品杀菌处理来保存食品的一种物理方法,其具有环保、安全、高效的特点,应用于肉制品杀菌可以有效抑制或消灭致病或致腐微生物。本文简要介绍辐照杀菌机理,国内外辐照食品现状,辐照食品的安全性评价及辐照肉类标准,并重点介绍60Co-γ射线辐照、电子束辐照以及X 射线辐照在肉制品杀菌保鲜中的研究进展,总结影响辐照杀菌效果的因素。探索了X 射线辐照应用于肉制品杀菌保鲜中的可行性和优势,展望了未来X 射线辐照作为一种先导性的储备技术应用于食品辐照领域的可能性。     

L-精氨酸和L-赖氨酸在肉及肉制品中的应用研究进展

近年来,L-精氨酸（精氨酸）和L-赖氨酸（赖氨酸）在肉及肉制品中的应用已受到广泛关注,有关2 种氨基酸对肉及肉制品保水、质构、色泽和嫩度等理化性质影响的研究取得了一系列重要进展。本文详细综述国内外有关精氨酸和赖氨酸对肉及肉制品保水性和质构特性影响及机制的最新研究成果,同时概述2 种氨基酸对肉及肉制品色泽、风味、嫩度、蛋白质及脂肪氧化等性质影响的研究现状,以期为2 种氨基酸在未来肉类工业中的实际生产应用提供理论依据。     

Determination of Sex Origin of Meat and Meat Products on the DNA Basis: A Review

Sex determination of domestic animal's meat is of potential value in meat authentication and quality control studies. Methods aiming at determining the sex origin of meat may be based either on the analysis of hormone or on the analysis of nucleic acids. At the present time, sex determination of meat and meat products based on hormone analysis employ gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Most of the hormone-based methods proved to be highly specific and sensitive but were not performed on a regular basis for meat sexing due to the technical limitations or the expensive equipments required. On the other hand, the most common methodology to determine the sex of meat is unquestionably traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that involves gel electrophoresis of DNA amplicons. This review is intended to provide an overview of the DNA-based methods for sex determination of meat and meat products.     

肉制品的食用品质及其评价

肉类及其制品是膳食中不可缺少的优质蛋白质来源,肉类食用品质尤其是感官品质是消费者选择肉和肉制品的重要衡量指标.目前,肉制品的品质评定缺乏客观的评价方法.本文针对肉制品的系水力、多汁性、质地等食用品质及其评价方法的研究进展进行综述,为促进肉制品品质评定方法的客观化、建立肉制品的食用品质评定标准和体系提供参考.     

乳清蛋白的功能特性及其在肉类制品中的应用

近年来乳清蛋白以其优秀的蛋白质来源及其良好的功能特性受到人们的广泛关注。本文主要介绍了乳清蛋白的性制和功能,重点综述其在肉类加工制品中应用。     

谷氨酰胺转胺酶在肉制品加工中的应用

介绍了谷氨酰胺转胺酶的分类、生产方法及作用特点,并且系统地阐述了其在肉制品加工中的应用.     

PCR-DGGE技术在肉品微生物生态学中的应用

人们一直通过传统的纯化、培养方法对肉和肉制品中的微生物进行研究,其操作过程复杂且无法准确描述完整的菌群结构。聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术因其具有快速、精确的特点在微生物生态学中得到了广泛应用。本文主要介绍PCR-DGGE技术的原理,从非发酵肉制品腐败和发酵肉制品成熟两个角度综述其在肉品微生物生态学研究中的应用,并对该技术今后在肉品微生物研究中的应用进行展望。