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结焦抑制剂存在下轻柴油结焦反应的动力学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
李和平 《化学反应工程与工艺》1995,11(4):354-360
研究了结焦抑制剂上轻柴油裂解的结焦反应动力学,结果表明裂解反应的结焦前兆体是乙烯、丙烯和芳烃,进而首次建立了该体系的动力学模型。结果可用于模拟或预测结焦抑制剂上裂解炉炉的焦炭分布及运转特性。 相似文献
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作者设计和安装了一套研究轻柴油裂解时急冷锅炉结焦的实验装置.实验表明,轻柴油裂解时,TLE结焦机理为传质、冷凝-表面缩聚反应机理.首次证实了在TLE结焦过程中存在着特定的转折温度.当壁面温度高于转折温度时,传质、冷凝过程为结焦过程的控制步骤;反之,表面缩聚反应过程为控制步骤.根据上述TLE结焦机理,建立了TLE结焦模型.并对工业TLE装置进行模拟,模拟结果与工业实测数据吻合较好. 相似文献
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乙烯裂解炉结焦抑制剂的研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在乙烯装置中,裂解炉结焦是制约装置运行的重要因素。在裂解原料或稀释蒸汽中添加结焦抑制剂是目前延长装置运转周期较为有效的方法之一。综述了国内外乙烯裂解炉结焦抑制剂的技术进展和发展方向,结合我国乙烯裂解装置的情况,提出应加强结焦抑制剂的研究开发,降低抑制剂的成本,优化工业化加剂方案,提高抑制剂的应用技术水平等建议。 相似文献
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乙烯装置中的结焦抑制剂 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了烃类裂解制乙烯装置的结焦抑制剂,根据抑制结焦的机理对结焦抑制剂进行了分类,并从技术方面初步探讨了乙烯装置上采用结焦抑制剂的可能性。 相似文献
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乙烯裂解炉管结焦抑制剂 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
本文针对烃类裂解生产乙烯而产生结焦结乙烯厂带来很大的经济损失问题,简要地论述了结焦过程和一般规律,提出了应用有机硫与有机磷化物所组成的混合物,或有机硫磷化合物,作为结焦抑制剂,可明显地降低结焦速度和减少结焦量,延长裂解炉运转周期,增加乙烯产量,提高经济效益。 相似文献
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沥青是油页岩中的重要有机质,也是油页岩中油母质热解产油和气过程的重要中间产物,对其热解研究有利于加深油页岩/油母质热解理解。通过索氏萃取提取出了绿河油页岩中的沥青,并对其进行了不同升温速率下热解实验。基于热重(TGA)数据,使用Friedman法计算了沥青热解的活化能,并通过活化能分布特征,推测沥青热解可能包含三个过程。接着,使用双高斯函数对含有交叠峰的DTG曲线进行反褶积处理,分解成三个峰,依次对应每一个过程。使用最小二乘法获得了这三个过程的活化能、指前因子和反应模型通式,并将获得的通式与四类固态物质热解模型中的11种理想模型进行对比,辨识出上述三个过程均遵循n级反应模型。 相似文献
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随着环保法规的日益严格和成品油质量标准的持续升级,对催化裂化/裂解过程的产品要求和控制逐渐精细到分子级别,可靠的分子尺度反应动力学模型是实现催化裂化/裂解过程分子管理的关键所在。本文简述了催化裂化/裂解的反应机理和反应类型,回顾了近三十年来不同方法对催化裂化/裂解过程反应网络和分子尺度反应动力学模型构建的研究进展。重点对不同模型构建技术的优缺点进行了详细的对比分析,指出了催化裂化/裂解过程分子尺度反应动力学模型构建的研究方向:开发更为精细的石油分子分析表征技术,构建与催化剂失活和反应器模型相结合的分子尺度反应动力学模型,实现基于分子管理的催化裂化/裂解过程反应器设计和工艺工程放大。此外,指出建立对分子集构建、反应网络构建和动力学参数求解的集成化平台是分子尺度反应动力学发展的必然趋势。 相似文献
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中国某些产地的原油具有低硫、高石蜡烃和低芳烃含量的特性。用这类原油炼制所得的减压柴油馏分具有同样特征,因而预测将有良好的裂解性能。为此进行了工艺研究。 在处理量约为2公斤/时,温度和压力分布可以模拟的裂解装置中,进行了中国减压柴油动力学研究和裂解产品分布规律试验。根据模试结果;综合中试和部分工业数据,提出了减压柴油裂解反应速度常数方程的有关参数值,以及原料特性和工艺参数对裂解产品收率关联图及数学关联式。 在处理量为100公斤/时的中试裂解装置中进行产品分布试验和工艺过程有关技术研究,着重考察了炉管对流段、辐射段的运转情况、高压急冷锅炉的操作特性。 研究结果表明,在760℃中等裂解深度时,汽油比为0.75—1,停留时间0.4—0.5秒,烃分压0.8公斤/厘米~2,主要产品收率为:乙烯22.5—23%,丙烯16—17.5%,丁二烯4.7—5.2%,重质燃料油10—12%。该油品与国外中东轻柴油裂解所得产物收率相仿,是工业管式炉的一种好原料。 相似文献
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Pyrolysis experiments on Maoming oil shale lumps (10–60 mm in diameter) were carried out with the aid of large-particle thermogravimetric analysis apparatus at constant heating rates of 1, 2 and 5 °C min−1. A pyrolysis kinetic model was developed which took into account both the pyrolysis reaction and intraparticle heat transfer. Oil shale pyrolysis kinetic parameters were then determined on the basis of experimental data concerning weight loss, shale oil production, gas evolution and intraparticle temperature distribution versus time, by using the developed model. Furthermore, the effects of variables (e.g. temperature, lump size, heating rate) on oil shale pyrolysis were assessed during experimentation. It is found that model predictions agree reasonably well with experimental data. 相似文献
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Lumped reaction kinetic models for pyrolysis of heavy oil in the presence of supercritical water
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Qing‐Kun Liu Dao‐Qi Zhu Xue‐Cai Tan Pei‐Qing Yuan Zhen‐Min Cheng Wei‐Kang Yuan Jing‐Yi Yang 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2016,62(1):207-216
The reaction kinetics of the pyrolysis of heavy oil in the presence of supercritical water (SCW) and high pressure N2 were measured. At any reaction temperature applied, the pyrolysis under SCW environments is faster than that under N2 environments. Meanwhile, at lower temperatures the pyrolysis under both environments is accelerated by the introduction of coke into the feedstock. On the basis of a first‐order four‐lump reaction network consisting of the sequential condensation of maltenes and asphaltenes, the pyrolysis in whichever medium can be preferably described either by the lumped reaction kinetic model modified with autocatalysis and pseudoequilibrium or by the model modified solely with pseudoequilibrium. Benefited from the reduced limitation of diffusion to reaction kinetics, the pyrolysis in the SCW phase is more sensitive to the increase in reaction temperature than that in the oil phase, disengaging readily from the dependence on autocatalysis at a lower temperature. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 207–216, 2016 相似文献
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Zhengyu Chen Gang Wang Suoqi Zhao Linzhou Zhang 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2023,69(8):e18116
Petroleum catalytic pyrolysis to light olefin technology has received wide-ranging research interest in the refining industry. This work built a molecular kinetic model for the catalytic pyrolysis of a heavy gas oil from bitumen synthetic crude oil (SCO) to light olefins. A feedstock compositional model was constructed containing 1311 molecules using bulk properties information. A variety of reaction rules was summarized and digitized, and from which, a reaction network involving 2631 substances and 6793 reactions was generated via a reaction network autogeneration algorithm. The reaction network for the catalytic pyrolysis was transformed into reaction rate equations. Systematical pilot-scale catalytic pyrolysis experiments were carried out, which were used to regress the molecular kinetic model parameters. The tuned model is able to predict the product yield and molecular distribution. Moreover, a range of sensitivity analysis was performed, revealing the dependence of light olefins yields on the reaction conditions. 相似文献
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对含油污泥及其抽提油和热解油的组成进行分析。采用热重分析仪对含油污泥在空气氛下的热重特性进行实验研究, 考察不同升温速率下的热重(TG)和差热分析(DTA)曲线。采用Coats-Redfern积分法, 基于9种不同动力学机制模式函数分别对200~600℃之间的热重分析数据就ln[g (a)/T2]对1/T进行校正决定系数分析, 拟合反应动力学活化能和指前因子。实验结果表明:随着升温速率的增加, 油泥的TG和DTA曲线都向高温方向移动。含油污泥的热解阶段分为200~400℃和400~600℃两个阶段, 第一个阶段符合三维扩散反应动力学机制;第二个阶段含油污泥的热解反应符合一级反应规律。 相似文献
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The kinetics of waste automobile lubricating oil have been studied experimentally and modeled mathematically. Experiments were carried out in the tubing bomb microreactor at a temperature of 420–440°C and reaction times of 5–50 min. Volatile pyrolysis products were identified and quantitatively determined by gas chromotography. A lump model of combined series and parallel reactions for oil formation is proposed. Conversion data fitted first order kinetics for C5–C11 and C12–C25. The kinetic parameters were determined by nonlinear least-squares regression of the experimental data. These calculated values of the product distribution were found to be in agreement with the experimental data. 相似文献