Order effects on the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery and allied procedures.

Four different orders of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery and the WAIS were administered to 167 adults who had a variety of suspected or confirmed neurological disorders. Of the 17 measures utilized, only tapping with the dominant hand showed evidence of being affected by the order in which the task was administered. Data suggest that a more accurate assessment of motor abilities may be obtained by presenting the tapping task early in a testing session. The differences observed on the tapping task did not result in a significant difference in the number of Ss in each order group whose Halstead Impairment Index score was in the impaired range, which indicates that the difference would be unlikely to lead to errors in clinical judgment in regard to an assessment of an overall neuropsychological status. Results indicate that order of task presentation had little effect on performance in either impaired or unimpaired clinical populations. (8 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relationship of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery to the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery.

Compared the major 14 scores of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery with the 14 summary scale scores of the Luria-Nebraska battery to investigate whether the batteries could predict one another and their effectiveness in a sample of 48 brain-damaged and 60 normal patients (mean age of all Ss 39 yrs). Discriminant analysis found both batteries equally effective in identifying brain damage, with hit rates of over 85%. A high degree of relationship between the Luria-Nebraska scale scores and the selected 14 scores of the Halstead-Reitan was found. (12 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Diagnostic validity of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery.

Conducted a validity study of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery which compared it with the more popular physical diagnostic techniques. Ss were 89 patients about whom empirical findings could be used as criteria for physical and neuropsychological measures. Results indicate that the neuropsychological procedure, considered as a screening device, surpassed all physical measures in all neuropathological categories. Use of physical measures in a negative sense to exclude possible neuropathological statements may provide spuriously low hit rates. Validity coefficients for the Battery in terms of lateralization and identification of process for different process classifications are presented. (30 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Use of demographic variables to predict overall level of performance on the Halstead-Reitan Battery.

Developed and cross-validated an equation that uses demographic variables (sex, age, education, race, occupational categories) to predict average level of performance on the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery by using a sample of 491 15–81 yr old neurologically normal Ss (mean WAIS IQ 112.8). Regression analysis predicted 65% of the variance in the Average Impairment Rating (59% in cross-validation). It is concluded that demographic variables are useful in providing a context for evaluation of cognitive functioning in Ss with known or suspected brain disorders. (3 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Validity of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery in a mixed psychiatric and brain-injured population.

Investigated the usefulness of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery in a setting with mixed neurological and psychotic referrals. 116 patients chosen from consecutive referrals to a neuropsychologist because of the need to differentiate between a possible organic or psychotic condition were evaluated. Each patient was given the full battery as well as all appropriate medical procedures. Test effectiveness is reported for the discrimination of each brain-injured group tested (left, right, diffuse) from the psychotic sample on each test and on the battery overall. The battery was found to be over 90% effective in identification and localization according to a discriminant analysis, although the individual tests were found to be more discriminating when normal controls were used. The use of the battery in settings with mixed referrals is discussed as well as some diagnostic procedures appropriate to this type of population. (25 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Subject variables and performance on the Halstead Neuropsychological Test Battery: A multivariate analysis.

Administered the Halstead Neuropsychological Test Battery for Adults (HNTB) to 288 15–52 yr old (mean WAIS IQ 84) Ss with seizure disorder and examined age, sex, SES, handedness, and educational level as predictor variables. MANOVA showed considerable variability in the magnitude and nature of the relationship between predictor variables and measures of the HNTB. It is suggested that the influence of subject variables (especially sex) should be considered in the clinical-decision process involving neuropsychological evaluations so that adjusted cutoff scores and norms used are appropriate. (17 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Derived IQ estimates from the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Investigated relationships between estimates of IQ derived by S. E. McKay et al (see record 1982-04758-001) and by A. Prifitera and J. J. Ryan (see record 1982-00171-001) from the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery, using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) IQ values as the criterion. Ss were 64 severely disturbed neuropsychiatric patients (mean age 31.75 yrs). Findings were similar to those of the previous studies regarding Luria-Nebraska correlations with standard IQ scores and question the utility of IQ estimates when relatively precise indicators of intelligence are required. Subsamples of schizophrenics and depressives are also analyzed. (3 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The relation of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery to ratings of everyday functioning in a geriatric sample.

[Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 6(4) of Neuropsychology (see record 2010-02486-001). This article presented different data analyses obtained from the sample also described in "The Relation of the Halstead- Reitan Neuropsychological Battery to Functional Daily Living Skills in Geriatric Patients" by Edwin J. Dunn, H. Russell Searight, Thomas Grisso, Ronald B. Margolis, and Judith L. Gibbons (Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1990, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 103-117). The two papers described distinct approaches to competence assessment, using the sample. The 1990 paper described the Community Competence Scale, a test administered directly to the patient to assess daily living abilities, while the 1989 paper described data from the Scale of Competence in Independent Living Skills, an interview rating scale administered to a third party knowledgeable about the patient's living abilities. The 1990 paper was both submitted and published prior to the 1989 paper. Cross-references between the papers and footnotes about being based on the same sample were previously omitted.] Examined the relation between neuropsychological functioning, measured by the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery, and daily living ability, assessed by the Scale of Competence in Independent Living Skills (SCILS) completed by a significant other. Ss were 40 geriatric patients (mean age 69.6 yrs) referred for suspected dementia. Results suggest that neuropsychological tests were moderately predictive of daily living skills. Four of the neuropsychological subtests (Speech Sounds Perception, Seashore Rhythm, Tactual Performance—Memory, and Finger Tapping—Dominant Hand) were found to be most strongly associated with daily living skills. Data suggest that although a global relation between the 2 domains exists, predictions about specific daily living skills may be unwarranted. The limitations of significant others' ratings of patients' functioning and of the SCILS are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"The relation of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery to ratings of everyday functioning in a geriatric sample"

Reports an error in "The relation of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery to ratings of everyday functioning in a geriatric sample" by H. Russell Searight, Edwin J. Dunn, Thomas Grisso, Ronald B. Margolis and et al (Neuropsychology, 1989, Vol 3[3], 135-145). This article presented different data analyses obtained from the sample also described in "The Relation of the Halstead- Reitan Neuropsychological Battery to Functional Daily Living Skills in Geriatric Patients" by Edwin J. Dunn, H. Russell Searight, Thomas Grisso, Ronald B. Margolis, and Judith L. Gibbons (Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1990, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 103-117). The two papers described distinct approaches to competence assessment, using the sample. The 1990 paper described the Community Competence Scale, a test administered directly to the patient to assess daily living abilities, while the 1989 paper described data from the Scale of Competence in Independent Living Skills, an interview rating scale administered to a third party knowledgeable about the patient's living abilities. The 1990 paper was both submitted and published prior to the 1989 paper. Cross-references between the papers and footnotes about being based on the same sample were previously omitted. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1991-15914-001.) Examined the relation between neuropsychological functioning, measured by the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery, and daily living ability, assessed by the Scale of Competence in Independent Living Skills (SCILS) completed by a significant other. Ss were 40 geriatric patients (mean age 69.6 yrs) referred for suspected dementia. Results suggest that neuropsychological tests were moderately predictive of daily living skills. Four of the neuropsychological subtests (Speech Sounds Perception, Seashore Rhythm, Tactual Performance—Memory, and Finger Tapping—Dominant Hand) were found to be most strongly associated with daily living skills. Data suggest that although a global relation between the 2 domains exists, predictions about specific daily living skills may be unwarranted. The limitations of significant others' ratings of patients' functioning and of the SCILS are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Neuropsychological test performance and the attention deficit disorders: Clinical utility of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery—Children's Revision.

The Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery—Children"s Revision (LNNB—CR) was administered to 54 clinic-referred children aged 8–12 years. Children reliably diagnosed as attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity were compared with children diagnosed as attention deficit disorder without hyperactivity and with a clinic control group diagnosed with internalizing disorders. Both attention deficit disorder groups were lower than the control group in verbal and Full Scale IQ scores but did not differ from one another. The groups did not differ significantly on any of the LNNB—CR clinical scales, on the right or left hemisphere scores, or on the pathognomonic score using analyses of variance (ANOVA) or analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) with both Full Scale IQ and age as covariates. These findings failed to support the hypothesis that attention deficit disorder, either with or without hyperactivity, is associated with neuropsychological dysfunction as measured by the LNNB—CR. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Validity of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery.

D. Delis and E. Kaplan (see record 1983-24742-001) criticized the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery for not meeting some assumptions of content validity and, by inference, construct validity. Delis and Kaplan also criticized C. J. Golden for advocating improper use of the test battery as a substitute for clinical training and knowledge. The present authors evaluate the major points of Delis and Kaplan, indicating which are cogent to the battery and which are based on misunderstandings of the manner in which the battery should be used. The theoretical structure of the scales of the battery is briefly described, as are approaches to interpretation. Studies indicating that the battery has validity as a neuropsychological test and the requirements needed for accurate application of the battery are examined. (13 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Determining statistically reliable strengths and weaknesses in the performance of single individuals on the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery.

Reports difference scores necessary at 3 probability levels for determining the reliability of score differences for a single individual on the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery. Certain other statistics useful in interpreting the Luria-Nebraska are also presented. The general model of ipsative test score interpretation is discussed. (21 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Diagnostic accuracy of the Halstead-Reitan and Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Batteries: Performance of clinical raters.

Three experienced neuropsychologists, using the Halstead-Reitan Battery and Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery, rated 92 subjects (46 control and 46 brain damaged) for the presence and extent of brain damage. The raters were accurate in judging the presence of brain damage when using either battery. We note a high degree of consistency between raters and test batteries when both the presence and extent of brain impairment were judged. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A cross-validation of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery.

30 brain-damaged males with evidence of unilateral left-hemisphere (mean age 58 yrs), unilateral right-hemisphere (mean age 57 yrs), or bilateral-diffuse brain lesions (mean age 41 yrs), as well as 10 normal control Ss (mean age 54 yrs), were administered the standardized Luria-Nebraska test battery. Data demonstrate that the battery was effective in discriminating brain-damaged from normal control Ss. However, it was relatively ineffective in distinguishing the laterality of brain damage. (6 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Test–retest reliability of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery in stable, chronically impaired patients.

27 patients (mean age 35.3 yrs) with evidence of long-standing organic brain disorders who scored in the moderately impaired range on the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery on an initial testing were retested after 10–469 days. Test–retest correlations ranged from .77 to .96, averaging .88 over the 14 Luria scales; all correlations were significant at the .001 level. (4 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Correlation of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery with the WAIS.

In a sample of 280 psychiatric, neurological, and normal Ss (mean age 35.7 yrs), Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery Verbal IQ correlated—.84, Performance IQ—.74, and Full Scale IQ—.84 with the WAIS, results very similar to those of A. Prifitera and J. J. Ryan (1981). Correlations between individual Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery scales and WAIS subtests are reported and their implications discussed. Present findings indicate that the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery can provide useful estimates of summary WAIS IQ scores. (24 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Localization and diagnosis in aphasia with the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery.

Administered the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) and the Left Frontal and Left Temporal Localization scales of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB) to 22 aphasics, aged 50–74 yrs, who had sustained localized cortical injury. Results indicate no significant differences among focal lesion groups on the LNNB scales, which characterized every S with temporal lobe damage as frontal lobe impaired. Both Localization scales correlated highly with BDAE subtests, indicating LNNB sensitivity to impaired fluency, comprehension, naming, repetition, articulation, and writing. Although the LNNB scales were sensitive to many core aphasic symptoms, they appeared to lack localizing or diagnostic specificity in aphasia. (15 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Split-half reliability and item-scale consistency of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery.

Studied 338 patients, including 74 normal Ss, 83 psychiatric patients, and 181 neurological patients. Odd–even splits were used to determine the split-half reliabilities, which ranged from .89 (Memory) to .95 (Reading). Item–scale consistency was determined by correlating each item with each scale score and assigning the item to the scale with which it correlated highest. The scale that the item was on according to the test and the scale to which it was empirically assigned agreed for 250 of the 269 items. (5 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

WAIS and MMPI correlates of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychology Battery in normal male subjects

Two groups, each consisting of 24 normal young men, were given the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychology Battery and additional tests of intellectual and personality functioning, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale, and the Cornell Medical Index. The test (and subtest) scores were intercorrelated. No significant correlations were found between any of the personality tests and any of the subtests of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychology Battery. Most of the WAIS measures likewise failed to correlate with the Halstead-Reitan measures in the two samples. The exceptions were the Digit Span and Block Design subtests and the Performance Scale IG score on the WAIS which did correlate with some of the subtests from the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychology Battery. The findings with normal subjects reported in this paper, in contrast with findings with psychopathological and brain-damaged groups of subjects reported by others, indicate that for Ss in the top half of the population in education and WAIS FSIQ, individual differences in scores on the WAIS, the MMPI, TMAS, and CMI do not materially influence performance on the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychology Battery Measures.