大表面复杂结构伪装遮障表面温度的简化分析方法

伪装遮障大都有复杂的表面结构,直接建模计算对计算能力要求极高。表面结构对周围流场产生扰动影响对流传热,进而影响伪装表面温度。文中通过不断调整参数得到对表面有相似影响的多孔介质,实现伪装遮障表面结构到多孔介质的简化。采用局部建模的方法,分析三种典型伪装遮障表面结构对周围流场以及其温度场的影响,进而将其简化为对应的多孔介质。结果表明:将伪装遮障表面结构类比为多孔介质,大大减少了计算量,能够模拟大表面覆盖伪装遮障之后的表面温度,评估其伪装效果。将该简化模型用于室外平房这一具体情境中,分别模拟平房不加表面伪装和外加不同伪装遮障情况下,其表面温度和表观温度在全天不同时段的变化。     

红外迷彩伪装对发射率要求的数值分析

针对红外迷彩伪装涂层中发射率的取值问题建立了计算模型。推导计算了目标8~14μm的平均发射率εt对目标辐射温度TR的影响,并以4 K辐射温差作为隐身标准,计算分析了目标不同真实温度T对εt取值范围的影响以及相邻斑块发射率差值△εt与固定斑块发射率ε1、目标真实温度T的关系。所得结论对红外迷彩伪装涂层的制备具有一定的指导作用。     

卷帘式遮障对抗红外成像制导武器

分析了目标红外特征及传统红外伪装手段的缺陷.以静态红外伪装网技术为基础,结合动态伪装技术概念,提出卷帘式遮障对抗红外成像制导武器的设想.介绍卷帘式遮障的设计思想、使用和回收方法,并对其伪装效能作了理论评估.卷帘式遮障作为一种主动防护手段,可以有效降低红外成像制导武器威胁.     

伪装遮障的光学与红外偏振成像

为了研究伪装遮障对抗偏振遥感的侦察效果,采用多波段偏振CCD相机在光学与红外波段获得伪装遮障的偏振图像,并提取其中的偏振信息.研究发现:在表面形态一定的情况下,伪装遮障散射光的偏振信息受光线入射角和表面反射率的影响较大.偏振信息对遮障的表面粗糙度和空间结构非常敏感,可以增强图像中目标与背景的对比度,提高识别准确率.伪装遮障和自然背景的散射光偏振度和偏振角信息有较大差别,因而,根据偏振信息成像可以有效地识别出图像中的伪装遮障,偏振成像在伪装目标识别方面具有重要的军事应用价值.     

吸收散射型伪装遮障微波散射特性研究

借助有耗介质板模型研究了伪装遮障材料电磁参数对材料散射、透射和吸收性能的影响,初步得出了材料电磁参数可能选择的范围.采用周期结构模型和Split-Field Periodic FDTD法(基于分裂场的周期结构时域有限差分法)研究了吸收散射型伪装遮障微波散射特性,通过数值计算分析了网孔尺寸、材料电磁参数、入射波频率以及入射角度等因素对伪装遮障电磁散射特性的影响,得出了一些有参考价值的结论.     

基于表面设计的红外辐射特征控制技术

红外辐射特征控制是红外伪装技术的关键。结合腔体辐射理论,提出了在目标表面形成不同的微孔组合来选择及控制其发射率的方法。通过一个具体实例计算验证了这种技术的实用价值,并探讨了其在红外伪装中多种实际应用方式及自适应红外伪装系统的实现方法。最后给出了此技术今后的发展和改进的方向。     

织物热红外伪装性能测试评价技术现状

热红外伪装织物在人体的防红外热像侦察中发挥着重要作用,织物的红外辐射特性常用红外发射率进行衡量,而伪装性能常采用热成像方法进行评价。从以上两方面,介绍了红外伪装织物的现有测试评价方法,对比阐述了量热法、反射率法测试织物红外发射率的原理及特点,以及基于热成像探测能力的阈值条件和人工判读评价织物伪装性能的特点和缺陷,指明了现有热红外伪装织物测试评价方法应改进和完善的方向。     

基于红外光谱偏振度对比度的涂层材质识别研究

为了降低材质红外识别的正确率,较常用的方法是通过在材质表面涂覆涂层,以改变材质的表面发射率。首先通过基于微面元理论的目标材质表面红外辐射偏振传输模型的Stokes表达式,推导分析了目标材质表面发射率对目标材质表面红外偏振特性的影响,结果表明:目标材质表面发射率的改变不影响其表面的红外线偏振度特征;其次,针对材质表面发射率与红外偏振特性的不相关性,文章提出基于光谱偏振度对比度检测涂层材质的方法,并通过相同基底不同表面发射率的涂层材质、不同基底相同发射率的涂层材质的红外高光谱偏振成像特性进行了验证分析,结果表明:改变涂覆材料表面发射率并不影响材质表面的红外光谱偏振度特征;基底材料不同,即使目标材质表面涂覆相同发射率涂层,其表面的光谱偏振度特性将比光谱辐射亮度具有更明显的差异性,研究成果可为红外伪装材质检测识别提供新的途径和方法。     

可见光/热红外伪装复合材料的制备与性能研究

针对目前高科技作战中单兵行动的隐蔽性问题,结合人体红外辐射特征,制备了一种新型可见光/热红外兼容伪装复合材料,同时对材料的伪装效果、热发射率、热辐射性能、隔热性能以及表面形貌等进行了初步测试,结果表明:材料的有关性能均符合可见光与热红外伪装的要求,可用做单兵伪装织物面料,同时对多波段兼容伪装复合材料的研究有着一定的指导意义。     

基于小波神经网络的红外光谱发射率计算方法

红外光谱发射率是战机蒙皮重要的红外隐身参数之一,为消除大气等外界因素对红外辐射特性测试结果的干扰,建立一种基于小波神经网络的目标红外辐射亮度模型,利用这种模型对测试样本进行网络训练,建立3~5 μm 和8~12 μm 波段红外辐射亮度模型,进而计算不同波长下目标的光谱发射率。通过与标准黑体对比,验证所建小波神经网络模型的光谱发射率与黑体实际的光谱发射率相比,最大相对误差约为2%,并将该方法应用于飞机蒙皮的光谱发射率计算。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.