基于遗传算法的倾斜式光接收机设计

光接收机作为室内可见光通信系统的重要组成部分,其接收角度的不同将会影响系统的性能。传统可见光通信系统采用的是垂直光接收机,其室内角落的信噪比(SNR)较低,信噪比峰-谷值较大。为了降低SNR峰-谷值,提高SNR在室内分布的均匀性,本文提出并设计了基于遗传算法的倾斜式光接收机。数值分析结果表明,采用倾斜式接收机的可见光通信系统,SNR的分布更加均匀。在12 W单个LED光源的系统中,SNR的峰-谷值改善了4.98 d B。在总功率为12 W的四个LED光源的系统中,SNR的峰-谷值改善了2.51 d B。由此可见,在可见光通信系统中,采用倾斜式光接收机可以改善系统的性能。     

VLC系统的光源布局设计与仿真研究

在可见光通信系统中,光源具有照明和通信的双重作用.不同的光源布局必然会导致室内不同的光功率分布,因此必须对光源的布局进行合理的设计,使得室内接收光功率的分布趋向均匀.本文给出了室内光通信的传输模型,分析了布局设计与接收光功率分布的关系,并给出了房间内的四个通信光源的最优化布局设计.通过对光源布局与接收功率关系的仿真,验证了本文提出的最优化光源布局设计方法.     

卫星光通信的信标光扫描方案研究

捕获,跟踪和瞄准,是卫星光通信的核心技术之一、单一信标光矩形扫描和螺旋矩形扫描手段存在时间过长和捕获概率低的问题。解决问题的新方案是多台激光器组合系统并机工作,在空间形成激光光束阵列,利用激光光斑阵列扫描来快速,准确的实现卫星光通信空间光束的捕获、跟踪及瞄准。节省时间,获得更高的捕获概率。     

空间相干光通信外差效率及天线像差的影响

空间相干光通信中接收天线像差会使光外差效率下降.对本振光为高斯分布,信号光为爱里斑分布的光外差效率进行了研究,给出了无像差时外差效率的解析表达式.当焦平面上爱里斑半径与本振高斯光束光腰半径之比为1.71时,有最大外差效率81.45%.然后以本振光为理想的高斯光束,信号光受像差的影响,研究了倾斜、离焦、球差、彗差、像散等像差引起的光外差效率损失,给出了存在像差时外差效率的一维积分表达式.研究表明即使在采用离焦校正后,一个波长的球差引起的附加外差效率损失仍可达0.9 dB.因此对于爱里斑位于光轴上的接收天线,在设计时需仔细处理球差的影响.     

基于PC/104的武装直升机观瞄装置检测系统设计和实现

观瞄装置是武装直升机实现武器精确瞄准和准确命中的关键设备,在分析其工作原理和检测需求的基础上,设计了以PC/104嵌入式系统为控制核心的检测系统;通过ARINC429总线和RS422主从式通信向观瞄装置下发控制命令,接收观瞄装置回复的自检、状态、指示和参数等数据;采用模块化设计方法开发了应用软件,应用多线程技术并以查询方式实现了数据接收的实时性,采用限时接收和计算校验和的方法进行数据通信的差错控制;检测系统集数据通信、实时数据处理、结果显示于一体,实现了对检测任务的调度和控制.     

光纤传感式红外水分测定方法的研究

将光纤传感技术与传统的红外水分测定方法相结合,设计了一种光纤束传感器来实现发射光和接收光的传输.为将接收二极管上的微弱信号送到A/D转换器处理,采用锁定放大原理设计接收信号的调理电路.在不影响测量精度的情况下,能使红外水分测定系统变得更简单、更廉价.     

无线光通信系统捕获、瞄准和跟踪研究进展

无线光通信是指以光波作为载体在自由空间中传递信息的技术,具有带宽高、成本低和安全性高等优点。捕获、瞄准和跟踪(acquisition, pointing and tracking, APT)系统是建立无线光通信系统的前提,简单、可靠、动态性能好的APT系统可以克服由机械平台震动及外界环境变化对无线光通信系统的影响。因此,需要对APT系统进行较为深入的理论和实验研究,从而设计出一种适合无线光通信的捕获、瞄准和跟踪方法。本文分析了国内外在捕获、瞄准、跟踪方面的研究成果,同时介绍了西安理工大学在自动瞄准方面所做的工作,主要包括初始捕获系统、非共视轴控制系统、光束检测系统等方面的进展,以及1.3 km、5.2 km、10.2 km、100 km距离链路的外场实验,验证了APT系统的有效性。最后展望了无线光通信中APT的发展。     

柔性关节空间机械臂奇异摄动模糊PID控制仿真研究

建立了空间微重力和地面重力两种工况下的柔性关节空间机械臂模型,为空间机械臂末端轨迹跟踪控制设计了基于奇异摄动的模糊PID控制器。奇异摄动法将空间机械臂系统降阶为快子系统和慢子系统,再分别对子系统进行控制。快子系统采用力矩反馈的形式,慢子系统则采用模糊PID控制的形式。模糊部分主要实现对PID的3个参数的实时调整。仿真结果表明基于奇异摄动模糊PID控制器可以在以上两种工况下均可实现较好跟踪。     

基于STM32的低功耗红外光通信系统设计

为解决目前红外光通信成本高、距离近、传输方向单一、功耗偏高的问题,采用STM32为控制核心,设计一种红外光通信系统。发送端通过STM32自带的高速AD对音频信号采样,为保证信号不失真,采样频率为15k Hz。通过脉冲宽度调制(PWM)来实现音频信号与环境温度信号的调制,接收端STM32对光脉冲进行解调。实验结果表明,在10m范围内能实时传输一路300~3 400 Hz音频信号和一路数字信号,声音信号传输正常,无失真,环境温度传输最大误差为0.3℃;实现信号中继任意方向转发,并且中继站功耗为0.06 W,达到节能目的。     

光传输热点应用展望

光网络跟所有的通信系统一样,是利用光信号来进行信息交换传输的。光通信系统主要由源、目的地和通信媒体组成,根据光通信媒体的选用,可将光网络分为导向和非导向系统。光传输热点应用进行展望性研究。     

Experimental study of a model digital space optical communication system with new quantum devices

We report a digital space optical communication system with new features both in the transmitting and in the receiving ends. The diode laser source is stabilized to within ±100 kHz by locking its frequency to the transmission peak of a Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF). The optical filter in the receiver uses two FADOF's that are linked to eliminate the multipeak structure and achieve a single-peak bandwidth of ~1 GHz. The detection sensitivity of this system is 23 times higher than that of a system with a traditional interference filter.     

Optimization of a laser satellite communication system with an optical preamplifier

We derive a model that optimizes the performance of a laser satellite communication link with an optical preamplifier in the presence of random jitter in the transmitter-receiver line of sight. The system utilizes a transceiver containing a single telescope with a circulator. The telescope is used for both transmitting and receiving and thus reduces communication terminal dimensions and weight. The optimization model was derived under the assumption that the dominant noise source was amplifier spontaneous-emission noise. It is shown that, given the required bit-error rate (BER) and the rms random pointing jitter, an optimal transceiver gain exists that minimizes transmitted power. We investigate the effect of the amplifier spontaneous-emission noise on the optimal transmitted power and gain by performing an optimization procedure for various combinations of amplifier gain and noise figure. We demonstrate that the amplifier noise figure determines the optimal transmitted power needed to achieve the desired BER but does not affect the optimal transceiver telescope gain. Our numerical example shows that for a BER of 10(-9), doubling the amplifier noise figure results in an 80% increase in minimal transmitted power for a rms pointing jitter of 0.44 microrad.     

车载双联光电瞄准系统的研究

车载双联光电瞄准系统主要由折转光管、自准直经纬仪和相应的调制器组成。系统采用光学手段,通过折转光管实现弹上棱镜和自准直经纬仪之间的光路传递,并对其光学信息进行调制,完成双联装导弹同步实时光电瞄准工作。系统在10分钟内(从发射车进入阵地定点至能给出“瞄准好”信号的时间)无依托瞄准总精度为1.5'。     

Optical wireless communication through fog in the presence of pointing errors

Terrestrial optical wireless communication (OWC) is emerging as a promising technology, which makes connectivity possible between high-rise buildings and metropolitan and intercity communication infrastructures. A light beam carries the information, which facilitates extremely high data rates. However, strict alignment between the transmitter and the receiver must be maintained at all times, and a pointing error can result in a total severance of the communication link. In addition, the presence of fog and haze in the propagation channel hampers OWC as the small water droplets scatter the propagating light. This causes attenuation due to the resultant spatial, angular, and temporal spread of the light signal. Furthermore, the ensuing low visibility may impede the operation of the tracking and pointing system so that pointing errors occur. We develop a model of light transmission through fogs of different optical densities and types using Monte Carlo simulations. Based on this model, the performance of OWC in fogs is evaluated at different wavelengths. The handicap of a transceiver pointing error is added to the model, and the paradoxically advantageous aspects of the transmission medium are exposed. The concept of a variable field of view receiver for narrow-beam OWC is studied, and the possibility of thus enhancing communication system performance through fog in an inexpensive and simple way is indicated.     

Performance of a laser microsatellite network with an optical preamplifier

Laser satellite communication (LSC) uses free space as a propagation medium for various applications, such as intersatellite communication or satellite networking. An LSC system includes a laser transmitter and an optical receiver. For communication to occur, the line of sight of the transmitter and the receiver must be aligned. However, mechanical vibration and electronic noise in the control system reduce alignment between the transmitter laser beam and the receiver field of view (FOV), which results in pointing errors. The outcome of pointing errors is fading of the received signal, which leads to impaired link performance. An LSC system is considered in which the optical preamplifier is incorporated into the receiver, and a bit error probability (BEP) model is derived that takes into account the statistics of the pointing error as well as the optical amplifier and communication system parameters. The model and the numerical calculation results indicate that random pointing errors of sigma(chi)2G > 0.05 penalize communication performance dramatically for all combinations of optical amplifier gains and noise figures that were calculated.     

Hybrid free-space optical bus system for board-to-board interconnections

A free-space optical bus system is described for board-to-board interconnections at the backplane level. The system uses active optoelectronic modules as the interface between the circuit boards and the electrical backplane. Substrate-mode holograms are used to implement signal broadcast operations between boards, and each board on the backplane shares common free-space channels for transmitting and receiving signals. System-design considerations are given, and the potential performance of the optical bus system is evaluated. An experimental demonstration is also presented for the signal broadcast operation through cascaded substrate-mode holograms at a data rate of 622 Mb/s.     

无线激光通信中的多光束发射技术研究

在大气激光通信中,大气湍流所引起的光强闪烁会严重影响通信系统的性能,导致系统误码率的增加,多光束发射是克服这种影响的有效方法。本文分析了用不同数目光束发射时的光强概率分布;以及多束光发射时接收端用不同直径的接收透镜进行接收时的光强概率分布,结果表明随着发射光束的增加、孔径直径的增大,光强概率分布更加趋于正态分布,光强概率的均值增大。文中还分析了多光束发射的归一化相关系数和光强方差的关系以及多光束发射在不同湍流环境下的误码率性能,分析结果表明多光束发射系统可以很好地改善接收面的光强起伏,降低系统的误码率。     

On the transmission of a fractal pulse in a noisy fiber-optic channel

A numerical experiment on the transmission of a fractal pulse through a single-mode optical fiber (with allowance for chromatic dispersion) has been carried out. The desired signal was transferred along with a masking noise signal. It is shown that efficient separation of fractal signal from noise at the output of fiberoptic communication line calls for knowledge of not only the fractal signal code, but also the dispersion coefficient of the optical fiber.     

Performance analysis of multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems under the influence of antenna mutual coupling effect

The effect of antenna mutual coupling on signal correlation and bit error rate (BER) of a multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system has been modelled. A MIMOOFDM model with correlated channels is presented. The correlation matrices are determined with the antenna mutual coupling taken into account. The effect of antenna mutual coupling is characterised using the receiving and transmitting mutual impedances. A rigorous expression for the BER of the system employing quadrature phase-shift keying digital modulation is derived. A 2 x 2 MIMO-OFDM system using the Alamouti space?time block code for OFDM symbol transmission over 64 sub-channels spanning a 20 MHz band centred at 5.2 GHz is simulated. The simulated results show that the antenna mutual coupling has a significant effect on the BER performance, especially when the spacing between the antenna elements is small.     

无源对称光学结构双通道光纤旋转连接器

提出一种实现双通道旋转互连的新型对称光学耦合结构,并应用光学结构设计出无源双通道光纤旋转连接器。利用自聚焦透镜发射光信号,使其通过自由空间传输,被另一个自聚焦透镜接收。在自由空间可以实现旋转连接并实现光信号的双向传输,通过分析该光学结构设计原理和光路计算,发现每组透镜中两个透镜焦距之比为 20?50,离轴距离为 4?10mm 范围时,才能保证光信道之间不发生干扰且信号持续传输。