碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的制备及性能

采用二苯甲基二异氰酸酯(MDI)和硅烷偶联剂(KH550)对碳纤维进行表面改性,将改性后的碳纤维(MDI/KH550-CFs)与环氧树脂(EP)复合,制备了不同碳纤维添含量的环氧树脂基复合材料,通过扫描电镜、拉伸测试、抗冲测试、磨损测试等研究改性碳纤维含量对环氧树脂基复合材料力学性能的影响。扫描电镜结果表明,采用MDI和KH550改性后的碳纤维与环氧树脂具有较好的界面粘结性能;力学及摩擦磨损性能测试结果显示,加入碳纤维有利于改善材料的拉伸性能及耐磨性能,能够延长材料的使用寿命,并且不影响材料的抗冲击性能。当MDI/KH550-CFs含量为4%时,拉伸强度为25.862 4 MPa,与纯环氧树脂相比增强了62.4%;当其含量为2%时,最低磨损率为0.7×10^-4mm³/(N·m)。     

碳纤维/环氧树脂冲击性能研究

本文通过橡胶改性环氧树脂基体对提高碳纤维复合材料的层剪强度和冲击强度的影响进行了研究。     

微脱黏法在碳纤维/环氧树脂界面性能评价中的应用

利用微脱黏法测定碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的界面剪切强度,并分析了造成测试结果分散的影响因素.结果表明:在脱黏过程中,最大脱黏力随碳纤维埋人环氧树脂内长度的增加而线性递增,当埋人长度超过一定值后最大脱黏力趋于稳定:碳纤维与环氧树脂间的接触角对复合材料界面剪切强度有一定影响,接触角越大,界面剪切强度越高;测试结果的分散性与树脂微球的半月板区域、钳口区等因素有关;未经表面处理的碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的界面剪切强度仪为39.4 MPa,低于处理后的复合材料(60.6 MPa).     

硝酸处理对碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的性能影响

以用浓硝酸处理改性后的碳纤维为增强体,用乙二胺(DBP)为固化剂,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯为增塑剂,以低分子量环氧树脂(E-51)为基体制备碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料(CFRP)。SEM测试表明用酸处理碳纤维后,碳纤维表面的极性和粗糙度得到了提升。DMA测试表明储能模量和玻璃化温度都得到了显著提升。控制酸处理时间,可以明显改善碳纤维和环氧树脂之间的结合力,提高复合材料的力学性能。     

粗糙度对碳纤维/聚芳基乙炔复合材料界面性能的影响

采用二氧化碳超临界(scCO2)处理碳纤维(CF)表面的方法,研究了粗糙度对碳纤维/聚芳基乙炔(PAA)树脂复合材料界面性能的影响.处理前后的碳纤维通过XPS,AFM和表面能测量进行了表征.CF/PAA复合材料的界面力学性能通过层间剪切强度测试(ILSS)与断口形貌分析进行了评价.结果表明,scCO2处理前后碳纤维表面的化学组成基本上没有变化.随着碳纤维表面粗糙度的增加,CF/PAA复合材料的界面力学性能先增加后减小.其中粗糙度范围为30～45 nm的样品有最高的ILSS值,43.36MPa,比未处理的样品提高了44%.对复合材料的ILSS提高起主要作用的因素是碳纤维与PAA树脂的界面齿合作用.而齿合作用程度的不同主要是由于不同粗糙度而引起的碳纤维表面物理状态的不同.     

环氧树脂上浆剂对PAN基碳纤维性能的影响

分别以KD-213,YD-128环氧树脂、复合环氧树脂及油酸酰胺改性的复合环氧树脂(改性环氧树脂)为主体的上浆剂对聚丙烯腈基碳纤维(PANCF)进行上浆,对上浆纤维的加工性能、表面形貌及其界面剪切强度(IFSS)进行了研究。结果表明:上浆剂改善了PANCF的耐磨性、毛丝量、耐水性及其复合材料的IFSS。其中改性环氧树脂上浆剂为最佳,可在PANCF表面形成一层完整的柔韧性光滑薄膜,上浆后的PANCF的耐磨次数为1887,毛丝量为0.14mg,吸水率小于等于0.005%,复合材料IFSS较未上浆纤维提高38.5%,达87.26GPa。     

碳纤维/聚芳基乙炔复合材料界面改性方法的研究

为了改善碳纤维/聚芳基乙炔复合材料的界面性能,采用表面氧化、表面接枝、偶联剂、表面涂层等方法对碳纤维进行表面处理,探讨了各种方法对非极性聚芳基乙炔树脂基复合材料的界面改性效果。研究表明,纤维表面氧化处理后有利于碳纤维/聚芳基乙炔复合材料界面性能的改善,在此基础上通过表面接枝及表面偶联剂处理在纤维表面引入可与基体树脂发生反应的基团,可以达到非极性树脂基复合材料界面改性的目的。极性的高碳酚醛树脂可以更好地浸润氧化后的纤维表面,并且与聚芳基乙炔树脂在结构上相似,因此作为涂层处理纤维表面后可以明显提高材料的界面性能,该方法适于进行3D织物的改性处理,是较为理想的处理方案。     

碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的改性及改性机理

介绍了碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料中碳纤维的增强机理.综述了纳米材料、聚合物对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的改性进展,并总结了相应的改性机理.探索新型柔和的碳纤维表面处理技术以及对碳纤维表面接枝将是碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料改性的发展方向.     

POSS/GO复合接枝碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料性能研究

在碳纤维表面逐层接枝多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷（POSS）和氧化石墨烯（GO）后,将其用于增强环氧树脂（CF/EP）制得复合材料,采用扫描电子显微镜、接触角测试和X射线光电子能谱等研究了POSS和GO复合接枝碳纤维对CF/EP复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,POSS和GO可以显著提高碳纤维的表面活性和比表面积,改善树脂与碳纤维的浸润性、反应性和机械啮合作用,从而提高复合材料的界面性能和力学强度。相比未改性碳纤维复合材料,POSS/GO复合接枝改性碳纤维复合材料的层间剪切强度（ILSS）提高了98.3%,弯曲强度提高了95.7%。     

Temperature effect on interfacial bonding property of single‐carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite

The changes in interfacial fracture energy of three kinds of commercially sized carbon fiber (CF)/epoxy resin composites in the range from ambient temperature to 130°C were investigated using the single‐fiber fragmentation test to evaluate the heat resistance of the interphase. The effects of CF sizing on the interfacial bonding property were studied using desized CF/epoxy resin composites. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry of the combination of sizing and matrix were employed to investigate the role of sizing on the variations in the fiber/matrix interfacial property under elevated temperature. The interfacial fracture energy values of all the studied CF composites were found to decrease quickly during the initial stage of temperature rise and drop gradually at higher temperature. At elevated temperature, the desized CF composites had higher heat resistance than the corresponding sized fiber composites. The differences in the interfacial heat resistance among the three kinds of CF composites and the difference in the interfacial thermal stability between the sized and the desized fiber composites were related to different glass transition temperatures of the interphases. The interaction between sizing and the matrix and the chain motion of the crosslink structure of the interphase has been suggested to determine the interfacial heat resistance. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料的性能研究

研究了WBS-3环氧树脂固化体系的反应特性,分析了该固化体系浇铸体的性能;并以碳纤维(T-700S)为增强材料,采用手糊成型螺栓加压工艺制备了WBS-3/T-700S复合材料,研究了复合材料的常温力学性能、高温力学性能、水煮后力学性能和动态力学性能,并对弯曲断面进行分析。研究结果表明,WBS-3树脂基体黏度低、适用期长且韧性好,适合于手糊成型、缠绕成型等低成本制造工艺;由此制得的WBS-3/T-700S复合材料具有优良的力学性能和耐高温性能,其弯曲强度为1434MPa,拉伸强度为1972MPa,剪切强度为76.1MPa,玻璃化温度(Tg)超过210℃;该WBS-3/T-700S复合材料具有很好的界面粘接性(树脂对纤维的浸润性良好)、较低的空隙率且纤维分布均匀。     

碳纤维湿法缠绕用环氧树脂基体研究

以TDE-85树脂和AFG-90树脂为主体树脂,混合芳香胺为固化剂,研究了一种适合于碳纤维复合材料湿法缠绕成型的树脂配方。结果表明,该树脂的黏度低(＜550 mPa·s)、适用期长,其浇铸体具有优异的力学性能,其拉伸强度为107 MPa,拉伸模量为4．09 GPa,弯曲强度为161 MPa,弯曲模量为3．88 GPa,断裂伸长率超过6%。用其制备的T-700碳纤维缠绕复合材料界面粘接好,NOL环层间剪切强度达到66．8 MPa,拉伸强度达到2．44 GPa。     

Preparation of emulsion‐type thermotolerant sizing agent for carbon fiber and the interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite

A modified resin was synthesized through the reaction between dodecylamine and tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM), which was used as the film former of sizing agent for carbon fiber (CF). The sizing agents were prepared through phase inversion emulsification method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to analyze the modified resin. Particle sizes of the sizing agents were tested to evaluate their stabilities. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results demonstrated that the glass transition temperature (T_g) of the modified TGDDM is much higher than the T_g of the cured epoxy resin E‐44. The influences of the sizing treatment on CF were investigated by abrasion resistance, fluffs, and stiffness tests. The maximum abrasion resistance increased by 172.8%, compared with the abrasion resistance of the desized CF. Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) results of the CF/TGDDM composites indicated that the interfacial adhesion between CF and matrix resin was greatly improved after CF was sized. The maximum ILSS value could obtain a 29.16% improvement, compared with the ILSS of the desized CF composite. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41882.     

Improved interfacial adhesion in carbon fiber/epoxy composites through a waterborne epoxy resin sizing agent

A series of self‐emulsified waterborne epoxy resin (WEP) emulsions were used as surface sizing for carbon fibers (CFs) to improve the interfacial adhesion between the CF and epoxy matrix. In this work, the hydrogenated bisphenol‐A epoxy resin (HBPAE) was modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG) with molecular weights of 400, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000, 4000, and 6000 g/mol. The properties of the WEP emulsion were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. The surface characteristics of sized CFs were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Afterwards, CF/EP composites were prepared and their fracture surface and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) were examined. The results indicated that PEG2000 modified HBPAE sizing had the optimum emulsion stability and film‐forming ability. Meanwhile, the results also demonstrated that a continuous and uniform sizing layer was formed on the surface of CFs and the surface sizing was excellent in improving the chemical activity of CFs. Compared with unsized CFs, the O1s/C1s composition ratio was observed to increase from 11.51% to 33.17% and the ILSS of CF/EP composites increased from 81.2 to 89.7 MPa, exhibiting better mechanical property than that of commercial Takemoto S64 sized CFs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44757.     

碳纳米管对碳纤维复合材料导电性能的影响

针对在碳纤维表面沿径向生长一定量的碳纳米管后再与树脂基体固化成型为新型纳米复合材料的层合板,采用实验的方法进行对比分析,研究加入碳纳米管后对碳纤维复合材料导电性能所产生的影响。实验主要测量纵向和厚度方向的电导率,重点对比分析类型A(加入碳纳米管)和类型B(不加入碳纳米管)对纵向和厚度方向上的电导率的改善和影响。研究结果表明,加入碳纳米管后会显著提高碳纤维的纵向和厚度方向的电导率,增加幅度约为两个数量级。该实验研究对深入理解和确定纳米复合材料的导电性能和实时损伤监测方面将起到重要作用,为今后的工程应用奠定理论基础。     

Novel application of chitosan: ameliorative effect of homogeneous and floccular chitosan on the interfacial property of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites

A novel homogeneous floccular chitosan was directly grafted onto carbon fiber surface by a simple and controllable method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), single fiber strengths and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) have been applied to characterize the fiber and the interface bonding. Compared with raw carbon fibers, the chitosan-treated ones demonstrate significant increases in the surface roughness and wettability. Particularly, about 21.21% increase in the mechanical properties of composites was obtained, which is attributed to good adhesion between functional carbon fiber and resin matrix in the interlaminar regions, as revealed by fracture surfaces.     

聚氨酯/环氧树脂互穿网络复合材料的防腐性能研究

采用原位插层聚合与聚合物互穿技术相结合,制备了有机蒙脱土改性的聚氨酯/环氧树脂(PU/EP)互穿网络复合材料。用正交实验研究了异氰酸酯基团与羟基物质的量的比(异氰酸酯指数,R值)、有机蒙脱土含量等对PU/EP复合材料粘结性能的影响,用电化学测试塔菲尔曲线,研究了有机蒙脱土改性PU/EP复合材料的防腐性能。结果表明,最佳合成工艺条件为:异氰酸酯指数为1.0,蒙脱土含量3%,在80℃下反应2 h,制得的PU/EP复合材料剥离剪切强度达10 MPa,最佳合成工艺制得涂层极化电阻为纯环氧树脂涂层的20倍。