分析小儿脑积水可调压式分流管的应用价值

目的:对比分析可调压式分流管与固定压力管治疗小儿脑积水的应用价值.方法:选取确诊脑积水患儿60例,年龄(5.3±1.2)岁.所有患儿成功实施脑室-腹腔分流术,根据使用分流管的不同,将患儿分为使用可调压分流管组30例(调节组)和固定压力管组30例(固定组),记录患儿疗效和术后并发症发生情况.比较两组相关参数差异.结果:调节组中需重新调整阀门压力者17例,术后并发颅内感染1例,并发症发生率3.33%(1/30);固定组术后8例出现并发症,即分流过度5例,分流不足l例,不明原因堵管2例,颅内感染1例,并发症发生率为26.7%(8/30).固定组并发症发生率显著高于调节组(P<0.05).结论:可调压式分流管疗效肯定,术后并发症的发生率较低,是治疗小儿脑积水患儿较理想的选取之一.     

分析脑室-腹腔分流术治疗小儿颅脑外伤后脑积水的临床疗效

目的:分析脑室-腹腔分流术(V-P分流术)治疗小儿颅脑外伤后脑积水的临床疗效.方法:选取确诊颅脑外伤后脑积水(PTH)患儿39例,年龄(6.3±2.2)岁,所有患儿成功实施V-P分流术.根据术前格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)不同,将患儿分为3组:A组(GCS评分3～5分)、B组(GCS评分6～8分)和C组(GCS评分9～12);记录患儿术后格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)、疗效和并发症情况,比较3组患儿的预后.结果:术前GCS评分:A组5例,B组18例和C组16例.A组治疗有效率为60%(3/5),B组治疗有效率为100%(18/18),C组治疗有效率为100% (16/16);A组治疗有效率显著低于B组和C组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:V-P分流术是一种有效治疗PTH患儿的方法,术前GCS评分≥6分的患儿疗效显著.     

脑室穿刺结合腰大池穿刺持续引流治疗40例脑室铸型出血的疗效分析

目的 探讨脑室穿刺结合腰大池穿刺持续引流治疗脑室铸型出血的疗效.方法 对40例脑室铸型出血患者采取脑室穿刺结合腰大池穿刺持续引流治疗,观察其疗效.结果 本组40例脑室内血液5d内完全清除24例,6～8d内12例,9～10d内4例,治疗后恢复良好6例,轻残14例,重残7例,植物生存7例,死亡6例,仅2例患者发生脑积水.结论 脑室穿刺结合腰大池穿刺持续引流治疗脑室铸型出血的效果较好,值得推广应用.     

股骨粗隆间骨折DHS内固定28例临床分析

目的:探讨动力髋螺钉(dynamichipscrew,DHS)内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床效果.方法:2007年5月-2010年5月我院采用DHS内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折28例.结果:全部病例5-12周基本愈合,术后随访5个月-3年,所有患者均无髋内翻、患肢缩短、外旋畸形、感染、神经损伤、内固定物松动等并发症发生,优15例,良11例,优良率92.86%.结论:DHS是治疗粗隆间骨折较理想的方法.     

56例蛛网膜下腔出血护理心得

目的:介绍和总结蛛网膜下腔出血病人及时、有效的临床护理措施和经验.方法:回顾性分析2009年6月-2010年6月我院收治的56例蛛网膜下腔出血病人的临床资料,进行分析总结.结果:50例蛛网膜下腔出血病人经过有效的临床护理后症状明显改善,5例病情加重进行转院治疗,1例因患有严重肺感染,在治疗中死亡.结论:加强及时、有效的临床护理在治疗蛛网膜下腔出血过程中不容忽视.     

噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症六例并文献复习

目的 探讨噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症(HLH)的临床特点、病因、发病机制及治疗和预后.方法 对21010年1月至9月收治的6例HLH患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析并进行文献复习.结果 6例患者中有3例死亡;2例接受地寨米松(DXM)+依托泊苷(VP16)治疗,早期疗效明显;1例疟原虫感染患者治疗后明显好转.结论 HLH病情凶险,死亡率高,早期积极免疫-化疗及基础疾病的治疗可以改善预后.     

讨论内窥镜在治疗眼眶骨折的作用

目的:探索内窥镜在治疗眼眶骨折的作用.方法:回顾性分析2006年1月-2010年5月于我科就诊采用内窥镜治疗眼眶骨折患者82例的临床资料.结果:治疗后1-3个月,对全部患者进行随访,痊愈63例(76.8%),好转17例(20.7%),2例患者因未复诊而无法进行随访.所有患者无眶内感染及其他并发症发生.结论:在眼眶骨折患者的临床治疗中,内窥镜手术具有视野清楚、创伤性小、清除彻底等特点,而其有效保留了患者眼部的生理功能,值得临床推广和应用.     

全髋关节置换术后早期并发症分析及防治

目的:探讨分析全髋置换术后早期并发症的原因和防治策略.方法:回顾性分析我院53例全髋置换术的临床资料.结果:术后早期并发症共8例中低钾血症3例,脱位2例,肺部感染1例,急性肾功能不全1例,髋部浅表感染l例.8例均为围手术期管理不当所致,经及时治疗均未导致严重后果.结论:围手术期管理不当是全髋关节置换术后早期并发症发生的主要原因,早期治疗,预后良好.     

中西医结合治疗小儿感染后脾虚综合征88例

目的:观察小儿感染后脾虚综合征在运用中西结合的方法治疗后的临床效果.方法:共88例婴幼儿患者经中医辨症后将其分三型论治,中西医综合治疗,中药为主,西药为辅,治疗周期平均45天.结果:除少数患儿因反复感染延长治疗周期外,周期有效率达到100%,治愈率达到98%.结论:中西医结合以中药为主治疗小儿感染后脾虚综合征疗效确切,值得运用.     

老年心衰患者并发肺部感染的诊疗体会

目的:总结临床诊治老年心衰患者并发肺部感染的经验体会.方法:及时有效的合理使用抗生素,合理使用利尿剂注意出入量的平衡,避免内环境紊乱,适当使用正性心力药物,加强支持疗法.结果:156例,平均年龄73岁,心功能Ⅱ-Ⅳ 肺部感染患者152例好转出院.结论:及时正确治疗肺部感染是有效控制心衰的关键.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.