赖氨葡锌联合童康片治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染疗效观察

目的:观察赖氨葡锌联合童康片治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染(RRI)的疗效.方法:将80例RRI患儿随机分为两组:对照组40例予咀嚼童康片,疗程3个月治疗组40例咀嚼童康片同时口服赖氨葡锌疗程3个月两组均随访1年并观察期间呼吸道感染发病次数.结果:治疗组总有效率97.5%,对照组总有效率77.5%,两组综合疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:赖氨葡锌联合童康片治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染效果显著.     

鱼腥草注射液治疗68例小儿尿路感染临床观察

目的:研究鱼腥草注射液治疗小儿尿路感染的临床疗效及不良反应.方法:对136例尿路感染患儿进行研究,随机分为两组,对照组给药青霉素,治疗组给药鱼腥草注射液,7天为一个疗程,观察治疗后感染缓解情况及不良反应.结果:与对照组相比,治疗组能够明显的缩短患儿体温下降、尿常规恢复正常的时间,具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组总有效率为97.06%,明显高于对照组91.18%,差异明显,有统计学意义(P＜0.05);且治疗组无不良反应发生.结论:鱼腥草注射液治疗小儿尿路感染疗效确切,好于传统药物,值得临床推广应用.     

哮喘宁颗粒治疗小儿支气管哮喘100例疗效观察

目的:探讨哮喘宁颗粒对支气管哮喘患儿肺功能的影响.方法:将100例患有支气管哮喘的患儿随机分为两组,即:治疗组和对照组.两组的治疗措施分别为:对照组给予一系列的基础治疗,包括:吸痰、给氧、补液、抗炎等;治疗组是在对照组采用的治疗措施基础上再外加用哮喘宁颗粒,以15天为一个疗程.以下五项为观察指标:每位患儿喘憋消失时间、哮鸣音消失时间、一秒钟用力呼气量(FEV1)、最大呼气流量(PEF)以及用力肺活量(FVC).结果:治疗组显效率和总有效率分别为86.00%和100%,对照组的显效率和总有效率分别为60.00%和82.00%,治疗组明显优于对照组.另外,治疗组加用哮喘宁颗粒后可以明显缩短支气管哮喘患儿喘憋消失时间和哮鸣音消失时间,同时增加FEV1、PEF和FVC.结论:哮喘宁颗粒对支气管哮喘患儿的肺功能有很好的改善作用,在显效的情况下同时也缩短了病程.     

妈咪爱联合蒙脱石散治疗小儿腹泻的临床疗效观察

目的:观察妈咪爱联合蒙脱石散治疗小儿腹泻的临床疗效.方法:90例小儿腹泻患儿随机分成观察组和对照组两组各45例,对照组采取常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上加用妈咪爱联合蒙脱石散治疗,比较两组的疗效.结果:妈咪爱联合蒙脱石散治疗小儿腹泻的总有效率为91.15%,而采用常规治疗的对照组的总有效率为77.8%,观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05).且观察组的大便好转时间、止泻时间、退热时间均明显短于对照组(P<0.05).结论:妈咪爱联合蒙脱石散治疗小儿腹泻疗效确切,可以明显改善患儿的临床症状,缩短腹泻治疗的时间,值得临床推广和应用.     

中西医结合治疗小儿过敏性紫癜68例疗效观察

目的:观察中西医结合治疗小儿过敏性紫癜的临床疗效.方法:将133例小儿过敏性紫癜患儿随机分为治疗组68例,对照组65例,对照组采用单纯西药治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加服中药,14d后观察疗效.结果:治疗组临床治愈率为83 8%,总有效率95.6%,对照组临床治愈率为76.8%,总有效率为84.6%.结论:中西医结合治疗小儿过敏性紫癜可提高疗效,缩短病程,值得临床推广使用.     

阿奇霉素联合左氧氟沙星在下呼吸道感染中的治疗作用研究

目的:探讨阿奇霉素联合左氧氟沙星在下呼吸道感染中的治疗作用.方法:将患者分为两组,观察组用乳酸阿奇霉素0.5g加入生理盐水250ml中静脉注射,并加入盐酸左氧氟沙星注射液0.4g.对照组单纯使用乳酸阿奇霉素0.5g,加入生理盐水250ml中静脉注射治疗.然后进行疗效评估.结果:两组治疗转归对比,观察者痊愈15例,显著4例,有效4例.对照组痊愈8例,显著6例,有效8例,无效1例,其中观察组总有效率82.6%,对照组60.9%,两组对比结果有统计学意义.观察者与对照组对比,止咳及啰音消失时间均短于对照组,两组对比结果有统计学意义.结论:阿奇霉素联合左氧氟沙星治疗下呼吸道感染治疗明显,值得在基层临床治疗当中广泛推广.     

呼吸道感染中医用药临床疗效分析

目的:探讨中医用药对于呼吸道感染的治疗效果.方法:将2008年1月至2009年1月在我院内科接受治疗的呼吸道感染患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组采取中药方剂治疗,对照组按常规方法治疗,对比两组患者的治疗情况.结果:经过一段时间的治疗,治疗组患者的治疗效果明显好于对照组.结论:中医用药对呼吸道感染的治疗效果显著,具有极大的推广价值.     

中西医结合治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作30例

目的:在西医综合治疗基础上观察口服控涎丹与艾灸隐白穴联合治疗慢性支气管炎(慢支)急性发作的效果.方法:采用随机方法,将患者分为西医对照组共30例,中西医结合治疗组共30例.结果:治疗组痊愈率90%,总有效率为100%;对照组痊愈率为33.3%,总有效率为83.33%,痊愈率及总有效率治疗组明显高于西药对照组(P＜0.01和P＜0.05),有显著性差异.且治疗组住院时间较对照组明显缩短.结论:加用口服控涎丹与艾灸隐白穴治疗慢支急性发作疗效确切,未发现毒副作用,安全性好.     

肺寒儿咳喘合剂雾化治疗痰湿蕴肺型肺炎喘嗽疗效观察

目的:观察肺炎喘嗽患儿采用肺寒儿咳喘合剂治疗的疗效.方法:两组均给予抗感染、对症治疗,治疗组加用肺寒儿咳喘合剂雾化治疗.结果:治疗组总有效率95%;对照组总有效率81.6%.结论:西药联合肺寒儿咳喘合剂治疗的疗效明显优于纯西药治疗.     

安定联合东莨菪碱治疗新生儿破伤风的临床研究

目的:探讨安定联合东莨菪碱治疗新生儿破伤风的临床疗效.方法:本文在积极抗感染,护理和营养支持及对症治疗的基础上,使用安定联合东莨菪碱治疗收治的新生儿破伤风患儿,并与仅采用安定治疗的对照组进行了临床疗效比较.结果:观察组患者中显效19例,占73.08%,有效6例,占23.07%,总有效率达96.15%;经统计分析发现观察组的显效率及总有效率均明显高于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).另外,观察组平均住院(11.2±2.1)d,对照组平均住院(15.0±1.8)d,经统计分析发现观察组的平均住院天数明显低于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:采用安定联合东莨菪碱治疗新生儿破伤风,使患儿症状体征消失快,病情缩短,明显提高了治愈率,降低了死亡率,是目前最为理想的药物.     

Phaeochromocytoma with myocarditis managed with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine

A case of bilateral phaeochromocytoma with catecholamine-induced myocarditis is described. The two operations needed allowed comparison of the use of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine alone and in conjunction with adrenergic blocks in the management of the patient. The combination of both drugs was particularly successful in the relief of symptoms and reduction of catecholamine metabolism as monitored by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid (HMMA) excretion. As myocarditis is a potentially fatal complication, further investigation of the combined use of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine and adrenergic blocking drugs is suggested in the pre-operative management of patients with phaeochromocytoma.     

Factors related with compliance with tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis

OBJECTIVES: To determine therapeutic tolerance and compliance level with antituberculous chemoprophylaxis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 587 patients were proposed for antituberculous chemoprophylaxis with isoniazid from January 1995 to June 1996 in Murcia (Spain). RESULTS: 3.6% of the patients gave up treatment because of hepatic intolerance and 73% completed the prophylaxis. Non-compliance related factors were: social risk factors (odds ratio [OR] = 9.31), previous history of allergies (OR = 2.87), previous personal history of tuberculosis-related events (OR = 0.49) and interaction between sex and age. CONCLUSIONS: Support and intervention measures directed to risk groups of a social origin deem to be needed. Control measures and information provided to middle-aged males, with particular emphasis to the first weeks of prophylaxis, should also be implemented.     

Communication with parents of children with cancer

The authors summarize the results of recent work evidencing the existence of latent merozoites during the course of the erythrocytic cycle of the rodent Plasmodia. These merozoites, unlike the majority of merozoites released at schizogony, do not penetrate immediately into the erythrocytes and remain latent for a variable length of time. The merozoites of each of the species or subspecies show marked peculiarities which are responsible for the characteristics of their cycle. The presence of latent merozoites free in the blood, the asynchronous development, and the resistance to chloroquine, are three closely related factors. Knowing that the merozoite is so far drug resistant, and that latent merozoites can maintain the infection for any length of time, it appears important to take into account these purely biological data, when studying the drug resistance of the human falciparum malaria.     

Surgical outcome in patients with epilepsy with occult vascular malformations treated with lesionectomy

PURPOSE: This retrospective study reports the long-term surgical outcome of patients with medically refractory epilepsy and vascular malformations who were treated with lesionectomy. A detailed analysis of surgical failures had been performed in an attempt to define predictors of surgical success and failure. METHODS: Fifteen patients with medically intractable epilepsy and angiographically occult vascular malformations (AOVMs) were treated surgically with lesionectomy at Duke University Medical Center. Lesionectomy consisted of removal of the AOVM and surrounding hemosiderin-stained brain only, without the use of electrocorticography (ECoG) to guide resection. RESULTS: Eleven (73%) patients are seizure free after lesionectomy. Three showed no significant improvement, and one patient died, presumably after a seizure. Age of onset, duration of seizures, age at resection, and gender did not affect outcome. All patients with neocortical AOVMs in whom EEG findings correlated with the site of the lesion were seizure free after lesional resection. Treatment failures were associated with the presence of multiple intracranial lesions, poorly localized or diffuse EEG findings, discordant positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, or with a lesion in close proximity to the limbic system. CONCLUSIONS: Lesionectomy, with removal of surrounding hemosiderin-stained brain, can be considered the procedure of choice in carefully selected patients with epilepsy with occult vascular malformations.