Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷在900～1150℃的氧化行为

为研究Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷在高温条件下的可应用性,采用XRD、SEM、EDS等方法分析了该陶瓷在900～1 150℃的氧化行为及其机理。结果表明:在900～1 150℃范围内,陶瓷氧化程度随氧化温度的升高而显著增加,其质量增加曲线近似呈抛物线形;在900℃空气中氧化100 h后,陶瓷表面生成致密氧化膜(NiO+TiO_2),厚度小于10μm,对基体具有保护作用;而在1 150℃条件下,在致密层氧化膜(NiO+TiO_2)表面衍生出岛状疏松层(TiO_2),100 h后厚度达80μm,氧化膜逐渐失去保护作用。     

低合金耐磨钢热处理工艺探讨

研究热处理工艺对轧机牌坊耐磨复合衬板工作层低合金耐磨钢力学性能的影响.原热处理工艺处理后工作层材料耐磨性不能满足使用要求,使用70天失效.研究结果发现淬火温度低于900℃时,低合金耐磨钢硬度随淬火温度升高而升高,淬火温度高于900℃时,硬度反而下降.淬火温度高于930℃时,冲击韧性有所下降.回火温度高于460℃时,硬度明显降低.随着回火温度升高,冲击韧性和断裂韧性提高.回火温度高于410℃时,延伸率和断面收缩率大幅度提高.350℃回火后耐磨性最佳.低合金耐磨钢采用以下热处理工艺最佳:900～920℃喷雾淬火后350～370℃回火.     

PTC元件在温度冲击后电阻稳定性研究

研究了碳化钛(TiC)填充含量、聚乙烯熔点、TiC粒径和电极箔表面粗糙度对PTC元件在温度冲击后的电阻影响,结果表明:随着TiC含量的增加,PTC元件在温度冲击后电阻升幅先下降然后下降趋势渐缓;采用高熔点PE有助于降低PTC元件在温度冲击后的电阻升幅;选用大粒径的TiC粒子可以有效地减少PTC元件温度冲击后的升幅;电极箔表面粗糙度Ra和Rz增加有助于提高PTC芯材和电极箔的剥离力,降低温度冲击后的电阻升幅。     

退火温度对AlxTixNixCoCrCu0.5FeMo高熵合金涂层组织和性能的影响

在40Cr钢表面激光熔覆Al_xTi_xNi_xCoCrCu_0.5FeMo（x=4,5,6,7,8,9,物质的量比）高熵合金涂层,并进行300～900℃退火处理,研究了退火温度对涂层组织和性能的影响。结果表明：未退火及300℃退火处理的高熵合金涂层均为单一的体心立方（BCC）相结构,500～900℃退火后合金涂层中生成类Al₂Ti₃结构金属间化合物相;当退火温度升高至500℃时,晶内耐腐蚀性变差,且涂层耐腐蚀性随退火温度升高而下降;随着退火温度升高,高熵合金涂层的硬度呈先下降后升高再下降的趋势,700℃退火处理的Al₄Ti₄Ni₄CoCrCu_0.5FeMo合金硬度最大,为1 019 HV。     

烧结温度对铁基粉末冶金航空刹车材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

研究了不同烧结温度(900,930,950,980,1020℃)对飞机铁基粉末冶金刹车材料材料显微组织、致密化和摩擦磨损性能的影响。借助于材料组织结构、摩擦试验后的材料表面观察及理论分析,阐述了材料组织结构及摩擦磨损变化的机制。结果表明:900℃的试样由于烧结不够充分,材料密度较低,珠光体的数量较少,硬度低,耐磨性差,经过摩擦试验后,摩擦材料表面大面积剥落和点蚀比较严重,材料磨损量较大,磨屑以大块状及条状为主;930℃试样的材料密度增加,珠光体数量增加,硬度及耐磨性增加,经摩擦试验后,试样表面比较光滑,但仍有大量的点状剥落,材料磨损量较900℃的试样有所降低;当烧结温度由950℃升高至1020℃时,由于原子扩散的加剧,材料的基体具有足够强度,珠光体的数量显著增加,显著提高了材料的耐磨性,经摩擦试验后,材料表面生成了完整的氧化膜,材料的磨损量变化不大,相对于950℃和980℃的试样而言,1020℃时的材料摩擦表面出现更少的点状脱落并形成了多层叠加的工作层。     

陶瓷粉填充聚合物基过电流保护元件的电性能

研究了陶瓷粉填充聚合物基过电流保护元件的导电性能、电阻-温度特性及微观形貌。随着陶瓷粉体积分数的增加,过电流保护元件的电阻逐渐降低;当陶瓷粉体积分数达到某一临界点时,过电流保护元件的电阻急剧下降;继续增加陶瓷粉体积分数,过电流保护元件的电阻的减小趋势变缓。随着温度的升高,过电流保护元件的电阻率逐渐增加;当温度接近聚合物熔融温度Tm时,导电网络被破坏,过电流保护元件的电阻率会大幅增加,产生电阻正温度效应;超过Tm后,过电流保护元件一直处于高阻状态。     

偶联剂对导电陶瓷粉过电流保护元件的性能影响

研究了偶联剂对以陶瓷粉作为导电粒子的过电流保护元件的室温电阻、R-T特性、耐电流冲击的影响,结果表明:随着偶联剂含量的增加,过电流保护元件的室温电阻呈现先降低后升高;过电流保护元件的R-T特性中电阻突变起始温度升高且转变温区变宽;过电流保护元件耐电流冲击后电阻升幅降低。在以陶瓷粉作为导电粒子的过电流保护元件中添加偶联剂,提高了过电流保护元件的电阻稳定性。     

93WNiFe合金的高温变形机制

用Instron1195试验机研究了93WNiFe合金在温度10～900℃,应变速率6.67×10-4～6.67×10-2s-1的动态拉伸性能。结果表明:93WNiFe合金流变应力随温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的升高而增加;合金的变形激活能Q和应力指数n明显分为10～300℃、400～600℃和700～900℃三个温度阶段,93WNiFe合金在设定的试验温度范围内存在三个不同的变形机制。     

砂带磨削钛合金磨削加工性能研究

针对钛合金零件干式打磨过程中磨具堵塞引起烧伤的问题,开展锆刚玉砂带和碳化硅砂带干式磨削TC4合金加工试验。通过分析磨削温度、材料去除量、表面完整性及磨粒磨损特征,对砂带磨削钛合金加工工艺进行研究。结果表明：相同磨削用量条件下,锆刚玉砂带相比于碳化硅砂带,磨削温度最高降低23.6%,耐用度提高2倍。磨削表面粗糙度随砂带线速度的增大逐渐降低,且两种砂带磨削表面粗糙度差值呈逐渐增加趋势。当砂带线速度v_s=20 m/s时,锆刚玉砂带比碳化硅砂带磨削表面粗糙度降低了29.7%;当磨削深度增大时,碳化硅砂带磨削表面粗糙度值快速增加,锆刚玉砂带磨削表面粗糙度增量缓慢,当磨削深度增大到0.1 mm时,表面粗糙度差值达到22%。     

固溶处理对Fe-Cr-Mo阻尼合金内耗影响的研究

研究了固溶处理温度对新型铁磁型Fe-Cr-Mo阻尼合金内耗的影响。结果表明,经加热FeCr-Mo合金到900~1 200℃保温1h,并随炉冷固溶处理后,合金内耗随应变幅值的增大呈现先增加后减小的规律,且在900~1 100℃固溶处理温度范围内,内耗对应变幅值的敏感性随固溶温度升高而增大。经1 100℃固溶处理的合金,因其晶粒较大,第二相颗粒较少,残余内应力较小,并形成了有利于提升内耗的大尺寸、宽畴壁的片状磁畴,故而具有最高的内耗峰值。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.