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1.
Fabrication and properties of Cf/ZrC‐SiC‐based composites by an improved reactive melt infiltration
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De‐Wei Ni Jing‐Xiao Wang Shao‐Ming Dong Xiao‐Wu Chen Yan‐Mei Kan Hai‐Jun Zhou Le Gao Xiang‐Yu Zhang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2018,101(8):3253-3258
Cf/ZrC‐SiC composites with a density of 2.52 g/cm3 and a porosity of 1.68% were fabricated via reactive melt infiltration (RMI) of Si into nano‐porous Cf/ZrC‐C preforms. The nano‐porous Cf/ZrC‐C preforms were prepared through a colloid process, with a ZrC “protective coating” formed surrounding the carbon fibers. Consequently, highly dense Cf/ZrC‐SiC composites without evident fiber/interphase degradation were obtained. Moreover, abundant needle‐shaped ZrSi2 grains were formed in the composites. Benefiting from this unique microstructure, flexural strength, and elastic modulus of the composites are as high as 380 MPa and 61 GPa, respectively, which are much higher than Cf/ZrC‐SiC composites prepared by conventional RMI. 相似文献
2.
《应用陶瓷进展》2013,112(5):307-310
AbstractCarbon fibre reinforced C and SiC binary ceramic matrix composites (C/C–SiC) were fabricated by a quick and low cost reactive melt infiltration (RMI) method with Si–Zr25 and Si melts. Effects of zirconium addition in infiltrated Si melt on microstructure and ablation resistance of the composite were investigated. The composite by Si–Zr25 melt infiltration was composed of SiC, ZrC, C and a little amount of ZrSi2 without residual silicon, overcoming the problem of residual silicon in C/C–SiC composite by Si RMI. Compared with the composite by Si melt infiltration, the ablation resistance of the composite by Si–Zr25 was greatly improved by zirconium addition due to ZrO2 and SiO2 protecting layer formed during ablation. 相似文献
3.
《Ceramics International》2016,42(6):6720-6727
3D Cf/ZrC–SiC composites were prepared by a combination process of slurry infiltration and reactive melt infiltration. ZrO2 powders and ZrSi2 alloy, both of which reacted with amorphous carbon, were used as pore-making agent and infiltrator, respectively. After carbothermal reduction at 1650 °C, X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that ZrO2 powders were completely converted into ZrC by reacting with amorphous carbon, and an in-situ formed submicron porous configuration was observed at the areas containing ZrO2. Results showed that the matrix in composites mainly consisted of SiC, ZrC and a small quantity of residual metal. SEM and TEM images revealed the formation of ZrC or SiC intergranular particles in the matrix and the characteristic around the residual resin carbon. The composites had a bending strength of 94.89±16.7 MPa, fracture toughness of 11.0±0.98 MPa m1/2, bulk density of 3.36±0.01 g/cm3, and open porosity of 4.64±0.40%. The formation mechanisms of ZrC–SiC dual matrix and intrabundles׳ structure were discussed in the article. 相似文献
4.
Reaction Mechanism and Microstructure Development of Zr–Si Alloyed Melt‐Infiltrated ZrC‐Modified C/C Composite
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Yonggang Tong Shuxin Bai Qing H Qin Yicong Ye Hong Zhang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2015,98(7):2065-2073
ZrC ceramic modified‐C/C composite is prepared by a quick and low‐cost reactive melt infiltration process with a Zr‐Si8.8 alloy. Reaction kinetics and mechanism of pyrolytic carbon with the infiltrated Zr‐Si8.8 alloy are investigated. A continuous ZrC layer is found to be formed around pyrolytic carbon due to the in situ reaction and its thickness parabolically increases with an increase in reaction time period. Zr concentration in the alloyed melts decreases due to the reaction between Zr and pyrolytic carbon and Zr2Si phase precipitates from the residual alloyed melts. A model for the growth of ZrC layer is established to describe the reaction kinetics of pyrolytic carbon with Zr‐Si8.8 alloy. The calculated thickness of the reaction‐formed ZrC layer is in good agreement with the experimental data. Based on the Arrhenius equation, the activation energy of the reaction between carbon and Zr‐Si8.8 alloy is 313.2 KJ/mol, smaller than that of the reaction between carbon and pure zirconium. The microstructure of the reactive melt‐infiltrated ZrC‐modified C/C composite is characterized by optical microscope, SEM, EDS, XRD, and TEM. The mechanism of the reaction between pyrolytic carbon and Zr‐Si8.8 alloy is discussed on the basis of the characterization results and phase diagram. A schematic is proposed to understand the reaction mechanism between pyrolytic carbon and Zr‐Si8.8 alloy and microstructure development of the ZrC‐modified C/C composite. 相似文献
5.
Environmentally friendly commercial applications spurred us to screen a suitable ablative throat material for the hybrid rocket, while preserving its cost-effective advantages as a special chemical motor. In this research, two types of carbon fiber reinforced composites, i.e. carbon/carbon (C/C) composite and Cf/C–SiC–ZrC composite utilized in high temperature environment, were employed to make the hybrid rocket nozzle. By comparison with the high-density graphite, the anti-ablation properties under the firing environment of Ф100mm H2O2-polyethylene hybrid rocket motor were characterized. We used whole felt preform to make C/C composite, whose matrix carbon was coming from chemical vapor infiltration of propylene; and the Cf/C–SiC–ZrC composite, which employs the same whole felt preform to make the low-density C/C billet, by infiltrated with Si and Zr organic precursors and pyrolysis at elevated temperatures repeatedly to make the advanced ceramic matrix composite. The firing test lasted 40s for all the candidate materials and the result indicated that the Cf/C–SiC–ZrC composite, whose average linear ablation rate was only 0.003 mm/s, was the most stable one in the firing environment. The SEM images gave detailed morphologies of those nozzle throat materials and proved that the fiber architecture, together with the glassy ceramic oxide, helped the nozzle to withstand the hybrid motor firing environment. 相似文献
6.
A high performance and low cost C/C–SiC composite was prepared by Si–10Zr alloyed melt infiltration. Carbon fiber felt was firstly densified by pyrolytic carbon using chemical vapor infiltration to obtain a porous C/C preform. The eutectic Si–Zr alloyed melt (Zr: 10 at.%, Si: 90 at.%) was then infiltrated into the porous preform at 1450 °C to prepare the C/C–SiC composite. Due to the in situ reaction between the pyrolytic carbon and the Si–Zr alloy, SiC, ZrSi2 and ZrC phases were formed, the formation and distribution of which were investigated by thermodynamics. The as-received C/C–SiC composite, with the flexural strength of 353.6 MPa, displayed a pseudo-ductile fracture behavior. Compared with the C/C preform and C/C composite of high density, the C/C–SiC composite presented improved oxidation resistance, which lost 36.5% of its weight whereas the C/C preform lost all its weight and the high density C/C composite lost 84% of its weight after 20 min oxidation in air at 1400 °C. ZrO2, ZrSiO4 and SiO2 were formed on the surface of the C/C–SiC composite, which effectively protected the composite from oxidation. 相似文献
7.
Tao Cai Wen‐Feng Qiu Dan Liu Wei‐Jian Han Li Ye Ai‐Jun Zhao Tong Zhao 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2013,96(10):3023-3026
Homogenous liquid precursor for ZrC–SiC was prepared by blending of Zr(OC4H9)4 and Poly[(methylsilylene)acetylene]. This precursor could be cured at 250°C and converted into binary ZrC–SiC composite ceramics upon heat treatment at 1700°C. The pyrolysis mechanism and optimal molar ratio of the precursor were investigated by XRD. The morphology and elements analyses were conducted by SEM and corresponding energy‐dispersive spectrometer. The evolution of carbon during ceramization was studied by Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the precursor samples heat treated at 900°C consisted of t‐ZrO2 (main phase) and m‐ZrO2 (minor phase). The higher temperature induced phase transformation and t‐ZrO2 converted into m‐ZrO2. Further heating led to the formation of ZrC and SiC due to the carbothermal reduction, and the ceramic sample changed from compact to porous due to the generation of carbon oxides. With the increasing molar ratios of C/Zr, the residual oxides in 1700°C ceramic samples converted into ZrC and almost pure ZrC–SiC composite ceramics could be obtained in ZS‐3 sample. The Zr, Si, and C elements were well distributed in the obtained ceramics powders and particles with a distribution of 100 ~ 300 nm consisted of well‐crystallized ZrC and SiC phases. 相似文献
8.
Peter Tatarko Fabrizio Valenza Hakan Ünsal Alexandra Kovalčíková Jaroslav Sedláček Pavol Šajgalík 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(5):3051-3060
The wettability and infiltration of molten ZrSi2 and ZrSi2-Lu2O3 alloys into Cf/SiC and B4C-infiltrated Cf/SiC composites were investigated to understand the interfacial interactions that occur during the development of Cf/SiC-ZrC and Cf/SiC-ZrB2-ZrC-Lu2O3 materials. A significant evaporation of Si from the liquid affected the wetting behaviour of the alloy when tested in a vacuum at 1670 °C. The better wetting and spreading of the alloy over the surface was observed for the composites with lower overall porosity (12 %). On the other hand, the formation of an outer dense layer, followed up by the uniform infiltrated region up to ~ 1 mm was observed for the Cf/SiC with higher porosity (21 %). The infiltrated alloy reacted with SiC matrix to form ZrC or with B4C-infiltrated SiC matrix to form ZrB2-ZrC-SiC. The Lu2O3 particles were not wetted by the melt, and were pushed away of the reaction zone by the solidification front. 相似文献
9.
Yuki Kubota Yutaro Arai Mamoru Yano Ryo Inoue Ken Goto Yasuo Kogo 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2019,39(9):2812-2823
The oxidation and recession of four plain weave carbon fiber reinforced ZrB2-SiC-ZrC composites with different matrix compositions were compared with those of a plain weave carbon fiber reinforced ZrB2-SiC matrix composite. These composites were fabricated using a silicon melt infiltration method. The composite with the higher ZrC content also formed ZrSi2 in the matrix instead of residual silicon. The composites were oxidized at 1700 and 1800 °C in an oxygen–hydrogen torch environment. The oxides consisted of ZrO2 and SiO2, which formed on the surface of all samples. Carbon fiber at the surface was lost due to oxidation. The recession resistance of ZrB2-SiC-ZrC matrix composites remained constant at 1700 °C, even if the matrix composition varied, while the resistance at 1800 °C increased with the matrix of ZrC and ZrSi2. The ZrB2-SiC-ZrC matrix composite with the higher ZrC and ZrSi2 compositions formed a sintered ZrO2-rich layer, which was denser than the ZrO2-SiO2 and improved the recession resistance. 相似文献
10.
Youlin Jiang Dewei Ni Bowen Chen Jun Lu Feiyan Cai Xuegang Zou Chunjing Liao Hongda Wang Shaoming Dong 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(3):1788-1794
In this work, 3D-Cf/HfC-SiC-based composites were fabricated and optimized via reactive melt infiltration (RMI) of Si into porous Cf/HfC-C preforms prepared by a sol-gel processing. The physical and chemical processes involved during the fabrication were identified and analyzed in details. It is revealed that fibers and interphase of the composites can be eroded during carbothermal reduction process, which can be further aggravated during RMI, with the formation of Hf-containing substance on the fibers surface. The fibers and interphase degradation is mainly induced by the reactions between HfO2 and C/SiC interphase layers at elevated temperatures. Accordingly, a two-step carbothermal reduction treatment was proposed for the optimization of the fabrication procedure. As a result, less fiber/interphase erosion and improved mechanical properties are achieved in the composites, with the bending strength increased by ~49 % (from 214.1 ± 15.7 MPa to 319.0 ± 26.0 MPa). 相似文献
11.
《Ceramics International》2015,41(7):8488-8493
Cf/ZrC–SiC composites were fabricated by melt infiltration at 1800 °C using Zr–8.8Si alloy and carbon felt preforms. Microstructural analysis showed the formation of both ZrC and SiC phases in the matrix, in which ZrC acted as a main composition of the resulting composites. The results showed that carbon matrix reacted preferentially with Si of Zr–8.8Si alloy, which caused the formation of SiC first and then ZrC. The designed carbon coating by pyrolysis prevented the severe reaction between fibers and the melt. The composites could be more dense and uniform with the bending strength of 53.3 MPa, when preforms had a high open porosity (47.2%) with small size pores (10–40 μm). 相似文献
12.
《Ceramics International》2017,43(7):5832-5836
Needle-punched Cf/SiC composites were fabricated by a novel pore tuned reactive melt infiltration (RMI) process. The novel hierarchically porous carbon structure in the fiber preform with the porosity well open to liquid silicon was engineered by impregnation of phenolic resin with addition of a pore former. Neither residual bulk carbon nor residual bulk silicon is detected in the matrix of the Cf/SiC composites prepared by the pore tuned RMI, indicating that a robust matrix with homogenous SiC can be formed. The composite prepared by the pore tuned RMI exhibits a tensile strength of 159±5 MPa, which is 46% higher than that without addition of pore former. 相似文献
13.
《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2023,43(5):1864-1873
C/HfC-ZrC-SiC composites were fabricated via reactive melt infiltration (RMI) of the mixed HfSi2 and ZrSi2 alloys. The microstructure, infiltration behavior of the hybrid silicide alloys infiltrating C/C composites, and flexural strength of C/HfC-ZrC-SiC composites was studied. Inside composites, there were more Hf-rich (Hf, Zr)C phases distributed in the exterior region, while more SiC and Zr-rich (Zr, Hf)Si2 in the interior region. There was compositional segregation in (Hf, Zr)C, with the HfC content decreasing from the exterior region to interior region. The RMI process was performed at different temperatures to investigate the structural evolution, and a model for the reactive melt infiltration of the mixed HfSi2 and ZrSi2 alloys into C/C composites was established. Compared with C/HfC-SiC and C/ZrC-SiC prepared by same process, C/HfC-ZrC-SiC had the highest flexural strength of 247Mpa and 213Mpa after oxidation at 1200 ℃ for 15 min. Both the unoxidized and oxidized samples presented a pseudo-plastic fracture behavior. 相似文献
14.
Xin‐Gang Wang Jia‐Xiang Xue Yun Tang Xiao Huang Chang‐Ming Xu Pei‐Ling Wang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2013,96(1):32-36
Composites of ZrC–SiC with relative densities in excess of 98% were prepared by reactive hot pressing of ZrC and Si at temperature as low as 1600°C. The reaction between ZrC and Si resulted in the formation of ZrC1?x, SiC, and ZrSi. Low‐temperature densification of ZrC?SiC ceramics is attributed to the formed nonstoichiometric ZrC1?x and Zr–Si liquid phase. Adding 5 wt% Si to ZrC, the three‐point bending strength of formed ZrC0.8–13.4 vol%SiC ceramics reached 819 ± 102 MPa with hardness and toughness being 20.5 GPa and 3.3 MPa·m1/2, respectively. 相似文献
15.
Qinggang Li Shaoming Dong Ping He Haijun Zhou Zhen Wang Jinshan Yang Bin Wu Jianbao Hu 《Ceramics International》2012,38(7):6041-6045
Two-dimensional Cf/ZrC–SiC composites were fabricated through mold-pressing and polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) using T700SC plain weave fiber fabrics as reinforcements with ZrC precursor and polycarbosilane. The mechanical properties and microstructures of the composites with 34, 45, and 56% fiber fraction were investigated. All composites showed a typical non-brittle fracture behavior and a large amount of pulled-out fibers were observed on the fracture surface. The bending strength and elastic modulus of the composite with 56 vol% fiber fraction increased up to 582 ± 80 MPa and 167 ± 25 GPa, with increasing fiber fraction. The mass loss and linear recession rate of the composites during the oxy-propane torch test were 0.008 g/s and ?0.003 mm/s, respectively. The formation of a ZrSiO4 melt on the surface of the composite significantly contributed to the excellent ablative property of the 2D Cf/ZrC–SiC composites. 相似文献
16.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(1):156-164
Spark plasma sintering (SPS) route was employed for preparation of quadruplet ZrB2–SiC–ZrC–Cf ultrahigh temperature ceramic matrix composites (UHTCMC). Zirconium diboride and silicon carbide powders with a constant ZrB2:SiC volume ratio of 4:1 were selected as the baseline. Mixtures of ZrB2–SiC were co-reinforced with zirconium carbide (ZrC: 0–10 vol%) and carbon fiber (Cf: 0–5 vol%), taking into account a constant ratio of 2:1 for ZrC:Cf components. The sintered composite samples, processed at 1800 °C for 5 min and 30 MPa punch press under vacuumed atmosphere, were characterized by densitometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry as well as mechanical tests such as hardness and flexural strength measurements. The results verified that the composite co-reinforced with 5 vol% ZrC and 2.5 vol% Cf had the optimal characteristics, i.e., it reached a relative density of 99.6%, a hardness of 18 GPa and a flexural strength of 565 MPa. 相似文献
17.
Linhua Zou Natalie Wali Jenn-Ming Yang Narottam P. Bansal 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2010,30(6):1527-1535
The microstructural development of a carbon fibre reinforced ZrC matrix composite, Cf/ZrC, manufactured by reactive melt infiltration (RMI) was investigated. The microstructural features of the composite were revealed by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the carbon fibre bundles are surrounded by continuous ZrC layers, while the composite matrix is composed of island-like ZrC particles dispersed within an α-Zr–ZrC eutectic phase. Nanosized inclusions were found inside some ZrC particles and it was demonstrated that they were α-Zr or α-Zr–ZrC. A formation mechanism of the unique matrix microstructure is proposed. 相似文献
18.
Wei Zhu Hua Fu Zhongfeng Xu Rongzhen Liu Ping Jiang Xinyu Shao Yusheng Shi Chunze Yan 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2018,38(14):4604-4613
A novel method has been developed to fabricate carbon fiber reinforced SiC (Cf/SiC) composites by combining 3D printing and liquid silicon infiltration process. Green parts are firstly fabricated through 3D printing from a starting phenolic resin coated carbon fiber composite powder; then the green parts are subjected to vacuum resin infiltration and pyrolysis successively to generate carbon fiber/carbon (Cf/C) preforms; finally, the Cf/C preforms are infiltrated with liquid silicon to obtain Cf/SiC composites. The 3D printing processing parameters show significant effects on the physical properties of the green parts and also the resultant Cf/C preforms, consequently greatly affecting the microstructures and mechanical performances of the final Cf/SiC composites. The overall linear shrinkage of the Cf/SiC composites is less than 3%, and the maximum density, flexural strength and fracture toughness are 2.83?±?0.03?g/cm3, 249?±?17.0?MPa and 3.48?±?0.24?MPa m1/2, respectively. It demonstrates the capability of making near net-shape Cf/SiC composite parts with complex structures. 相似文献
19.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(14):22661-22673
Characteristics of ZrB2–SiC ultrahigh temperature ceramic matrix composites (UHTCMCs) reinforced with ZrC and carbon fiber (Cf) were investigated in this article. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) process was utilized to fabricate the samples at 1800 °C for 5 min under 30 MPa punch pressure and vacuumed atmosphere. In all samples, the volume ratio of ZrB2: SiC was equal to 4:1, and the summation of ZrC and Cf reinforcements was 7.5 vol% with different ZrC: Cf ratios. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), densitometry, flexural strength, and hardness measurements were employed for characterization of the prepared samples. Microstructural inspection revealed the formation of SiC sheath around the carbon fibers due to several reactions in the surface SiO2 layers existed on the SiC particles. Optimal flexural strength (628.4 MPa) and hardness (20.8 GPa) values were achieved for the sample co-reinforced with 6.5 vol% ZrC and 1 vol% Cf, with a relative density of 97.7%. 相似文献
20.
Fabrication process and growth mechanism of novel micro-stack PyC interphase with different textures
Xu Pang Mengshan Zhang Wang Hong Zhongwei Zhang Longbiao Li Aijun Li Weijie Li Yufeng Liu 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2023,106(12):7400-7410
Pyrolytic carbon (PyC) interphase plays a crucial role in the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites. In this research, a novel micro-stack PyC interphase with different PyC textures was designed and fabricated by changing the deposition parameters during the chemical vapor infiltration process. The growth mechanism of the micro-stack PyC interphase with different texture were also studied by experimental characterizations and kinetic calculations, and the results show that the content ratio of (C2H2 + C2H4) to C6H6 gas intermediate is a key parameter to control the texture types of PyC interphase. Furthermore, the value of orientation angle (OA) value, thickness, and modulus of the micro-stack PyC interphase were further characterized by high resolution TEM (HRTEM), scanning electronic microscopy, and nanoindentation. Finally, the tensile testing of mini-Cf/PyC/SiC composites was conducted, and the results showed that the tensile strength of mini-Cf/PyC/SiC composites with micro-stack PyC interphase is approximately 40% higher than that containing single high texture PyC interphase. The improvements on the tensile strength of Cf/PyC/SiC composites prove the significant advantages of micro-stack PyC interphase. 相似文献