固相法制备MgO-La2O3纳米晶及表征

以硝酸镧、醋酸镁和酒石酸铵为原料,固相反应法合成白色糊状物,糊状物经400℃时燃烧得到灰白色蓬松絮状多孔性前驱物,前驱物在不同温度下煅烧制备了不同粒径的MgO-La2O3纳米晶,考察研究了煅烧温度和酒石酸铵的用量对MgO-La2O3复合纳米晶的影响,探讨了酒石酸铵的作用.通过XRD、TEM、SEM等手段对纳米晶结构、尺寸形貌进行了表征,样品为立方晶系和六方晶系混合的MgO-La2O3复合纳米晶.     

Cu46Zr44Al5Nb5块体非晶合金的晶化行为研究

通过磁悬浮熔炼-水冷铜模吸铸法制备了Cu46Zr44Al5Nb5块体非晶合金,并研究其变温晶化行为和等温晶化行为,运用Kissinger法和FWO法分别计算出各特征激活能和阶段激活能,考察了不同加热速度下晶化体积分数和晶化温度、晶化激活能的关系,并绘制了TTT曲线并计算非晶形成的临界冷却速率。结果表明,运用Kissinger法得到玻璃转变激活能E g为231.96 kJ·mol-1、晶化初始激活能E x为351.39kJ·mol-1、晶化峰的激活能E p为401.36 kJ·mol-1,Cu46Zr44Al5Nb5BMG具有良好的热稳定性,由TTT曲线计算非晶形成的临界冷却速率约为3.985 K·s-1。晶化类型主要为扩散控制的共晶型转变,随着晶化量的增大,阶段激活能呈减小的趋势。初始晶化阶段的晶化温度较高,主要是形核和微小晶粒的长大,需要克服较大的能量势垒,而随着温度的降低,晶粒的不断形成,晶化过程演变为主要以形核为主,所需要克服的能量势垒相应减小。在T x+100℃等温晶化退火,析出Cu10Zr7和AlCu2Zr共晶相,随着保温时间的延长,析出相的尺寸和体积分数逐渐增加。     

特殊微结构纳米级α-MoO_3的制备

以七钼酸铵为钼源,采用水热晶化的方法制备了具有特殊微结构的MoO3微粉。分别考察了溶液pH值、老化温度、焙烧温度、加入模板剂等因素对MoO3晶粒尺寸、形貌的影响。XRD结果表明所合成产物为纳米级α-MoO3。扫描电镜观察发现,α-MoO3及其前驱体表现为片状、纤维状、棒状等聚集形貌特征。获得了α-MoO3及其前驱体晶粒尺寸和形貌特征与制备条件之间的一些规律。     

(Ti,W)(B,C,N)纳米晶粉末的合成

以偏钛酸、偏钨酸铵、木糖、硼酸为原料,采用"前驱体+碳热还原"法合成了(Ti,W)(B,C,N)纳米晶粉末。利用SEM、XRD等表征产物相组成和显微形貌,重点探讨了合成温度、保温时间对合成产物的影响。结果表明,合成温度、保温时间均对(Ti,W)(B,C,N)粉末合成有显著影响,随着合成温度的提高以及保温时间的延长,合成粉末晶粒尺寸呈明显长大趋势。在合成温度1 200℃,保温时间2h条件下成功合成了晶粒度约为21.3nm的(Ti,W)(B,C,N)纳米晶粉末。与传统的"普通球磨+碳热还原"法比较,"前驱体+碳热还原"法显著降低了合成温度,并具有原料成本低廉的优势。     

钪锆陶瓷粉体的制备及其热分析动力学

以Sc2O3,Zr(NO3)4·3H2O和NH3·H2O为初始原料,加入少量PEG400作为分散剂,采用化学共沉淀法,经反复水洗、醇洗和干燥后,制备了钪锆陶瓷粉前驱体。运用差示扫描量热/热重(DSC/TG)技术研究了前驱体在空气中脱水分解反应的动力学过程。DSC/TG分析结果表明:390 K附近的吸热峰,源于前驱体表面物理吸附水和乙醇的脱附;560 K附近的放热峰,源于前驱体表面的有机官能团被氧化剧烈放热;650 K附近较明显的放热峰,源于前驱体中氢氧化物的脱水反应;690 K附近较明显的吸热峰与前驱体晶型转变有关。用Kissinger法和Doyle-Ozawa法计算了前驱体脱水分解反应的活化能(E)分别为144.053和110.008 k J·mol-1。用Kissinger法确定了反应级数(n)和频率因子(A)分别为1.2和2.74×1011s-1,确定了前驱体脱水分解阶段的动力学方程为dα/d T=2.74×1011e-127030.456/RT(1-α)1.2。根据动力学研究的结果,采用优化的焙烧工艺制备了钪锆陶瓷粉。扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明,合成的陶瓷粉体具有类球形形貌,衍射峰峰形尖锐,没有杂峰,具有良好的立方相结构。     

高比表面积纳米CeO_2的制备

采用模板法制备高比表面积纳米CeO_2. 详细考察了铈盐和NaOH滴加速度、晶化时间和温度、铈盐种类、表面活性剂用量等对CeO_2比表面、晶粒尺寸的影响. 结果表明, 当CeCl_3加入速度=2.5 ml·min~(-1)、 NaOH加入速度=3 ml·min-1、晶化温度=90 ℃、晶化时间=24 h、 CeCl3∶ C_(12)H_(25)SO_4Na∶ NaOH∶ H2O=1∶ 2.7∶ 7.3∶ 1100(摩尔比)、焙烧温度=200 ℃时, CeO_2的比表面积和晶粒尺寸分别为457 m~2·g~(-1)和2.0 nm. 这种高比表面纳米CeO_2与常规CeO_2相比, 具有独特的物理、化学性质, 有望成为一种应用广泛的新型材料.     

碳酸氢铵沉淀法制备高松装密度氧化钆*王维欢,李成荣,孟玉琴,刘佛来

碳酸氢铵与氯化钆沉淀反应制备碳酸钆前驱体,碳酸钆前驱体经高温焙烧得到Gd2O3。考察了晶种添加、碳酸氢铵浓度、沉淀温度、沉淀时间对Gd2O3松装密度的影响。结果表明:添加适量的晶种,采用特定的方式进行培养,控制碳酸氢铵浓度130 g/L,沉淀温度(60～65)℃,沉淀时间60 min,可以制备出大颗粒晶型碳酸钆前驱体,经高温焙烧,可以获得松装密度 0.8 g/cm3的Gd2O3。     

大颗粒氧化铈的草酸盐前驱体热分解研究

用XRD研究了前驱体和不同灼烧温度下产物的物相,用SEM研究了最佳灼烧条件所得产物的形貌,用TG-DSC法研究了大颗粒氧化铈的草酸盐前驱体的热分解过程.采用Freeman-Carroll法研究了大颗粒氧化铈的草酸盐前驱体的热分解动力学行为.同时用Satava法进行了反应机理推断,草酸铈的分解反应分两阶段进行,第一阶段反应的E=68.6kJ·mol-1,第二阶段反应E=377.725kJ·mol-1,反应速率常数分别是K398K=2.576×10-4,K588K=5.264×10-2.     

纳米La_2O_3粉晶的制备及其表征

以La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O、NH_4HCO_3和聚乙二醇为原料,利用沉淀法制备了纳米La_2O_3粉体,利用XRD,TG-DTA和TEM等测试方法对干凝胶热分解过程及最终形成的纳米La_2O_3粉体进行了分析和表征,XRD法考察了前驱体在不同热处理条件下产物物相和晶粒度的变化情况,实验结果表明,在适当工艺参数下,前驱体经720℃,1h焙烧所得产物为平均粒径小于50nm的La_2O_3粉体.     

共沉淀法合成CeO2/γ-Al2O3复合纳米晶的研究

以Al(NO3)3·9H2O和Ce(NO3)3·6H2O为原料,氨水为pH值调节剂,并加入少量表面活性剂PEG4000,采用化学共沉淀法制备了前驱体,前驱体经高温热处理得到含25%(质量分数)CeO2的CeO2/γ-Al2O3复合纳米晶。通过正交试验,获得了共沉淀的优化条件:pH值为9～10,反应温度约30℃,反应时间为20min,表面活性剂用量为0.44%(质量分数),前驱体热处理温度800℃为宜。使用TG/DTA、XRD、BET、IR、纯度及化学成分分析等方法对CeO2/γ-Al2O3复合纳米晶的性能进行了表征。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

正~~     

Zinc Production by Province in 2014

正~~     

80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.