共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 175 毫秒
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为了标定分焦平面偏振图像传感器的信噪比,设计了分焦平面偏振图像传感器各通道信噪比标定实验。对分焦平面偏振图像传感器信噪比参数对偏振角度测量结果的影响程度、信噪比标定原理、标定实验流程等进行了研究。根据分焦平面偏振传感器的结构和数字图像传感器的数学模型得到信噪比的标定原理。在不同信噪比、不同入射角度线偏振光情况下,对偏振角度测量结果进行了仿真。然后,根据标定原理设计标定实验的装置结构和实验流程。最后,进行实际标定并对实验数据进行了分析。信噪比-偏振角度测量精度仿真结果表明:分焦平面偏振图像传感器的信噪比越大,偏振角度测量精度越高,且入射偏振光角度也会影响测量精度。分焦平面偏振图像传感器各通道信噪比参数的实际测试结果表明:标定值与指标值相差不超过0.55 dB。实验结果证明,该方法是准确有效的,能够较好地完成分焦平面偏振图像传感器各通道信噪比的标定任务。 相似文献
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在现有的大尺寸测量方法基础上,根据机车检测的实际需求,提出了一种融合多种传感器数据的扫描式三坐标测量体系。系统在龙门架做直线平移时,采用一维激光测距传感器、二维水平仪、光纤应变力传感器和相应的数据采集技术依次测出车体各横截面的三坐标和测量误差源数据,设计了一种车体轮廓测量的误差补偿方法并建立相应的数学模型,然后将测得的各截面数据拟合成三维实体,最终求得所需尺寸和几何量参数,实现对机车车体主要结构尺寸的高精度、智能化测量。 相似文献
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《现代制造工程》2016,(12)
线结构光三维视觉与三坐标测量机(CMM)测量系统的集成能够实现对复杂零件表面快速高精度的测量。系统的标定是实现集成测量的关键步骤,包括摄像机内外参数标定,光平面结构参数标定和两个测量系统测量坐标的全局统一。提出了线结构光与CMM集成测量系统一体化标定方法,首先采集多幅不同位姿下带有光条纹的2D靶标图像,然后利用CMM接触测头测量得到某一位姿2D靶标角点在CMM坐标系下的世界坐标,利用交比不变原理求取靶标上特征点的三维坐标,进而求取线结构光视觉传感器测量参数和线结构光传感器测量数据到CMM坐标系下的转换矩阵,实现一次数据采集完成集成系统所有测量参数的标定,标定方法简单且精度和效率较高。 相似文献
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基于结构光的微细管孔内表面三维重建 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
介绍了一种适于空间曲线型微细管孔内表面三维重建的系统。该系统主要由管道机器人、形貌检测器和曲率检测器等部分组成。形貌检测器在管道机器人的带动下潜入管孔内部进行内壁截面图像采集,曲率检测器负责测量管孔中心轴线在检测器采样位置处的局部几何性质。对管道内壁截面图像进行适当的处理,结合形貌传感器的标定参数和结构参数,可以计算出在检测器局部坐标系下的管道截面三维轮廓;同时,根据传感器采样位置处的管道中轴线局部几何性质、管道机器人的前进步长,建立局部坐标系与全局坐标系的关系,从而将被测全部截面的局部坐标转化为全局坐标,实现管道内表面的三维重建。实验结果表明,利用该技术检测的管道内表面三维形貌与实际情况是一致的。 相似文献
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《仪器仪表学报》2020,(2)
为解决力矩传感器中由于倾覆力矩、轴向力和径向力等所造成的力耦合效应和测量误差问题,基于结构解耦原理设计了一种新型电容式力矩传感器。该新型电容式力矩传感器利用内置十字交叉滚子轴承实现结构解耦,从而消除力耦合效应对测量准确性的影响。测量部分采用垂直极板电容效应原理,并以双差动的测量方式提高传感器的灵敏度和稳定性。以商用转矩转速传感器作为标准力矩仪对此新型电容式力矩传感器进行标定,并进行解耦验证实验。标定和实验结果表明,该新型电容式力矩传感器的线性度为1.04%、分辨率0.05 N·m、最大测量误差约为2.07%,所设计的传感器能够有效降低力耦合效应的影响,具备结构解耦、高灵敏度和高准确性等特点。 相似文献
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《Measurement》2014
Based on the detailed analysis of systematic errors, mathematical model of error parameters is constructed and linear calibration method is proposed for magnetic gradient tensor system. Firstly, nonlinear mathematical model of error parameters for single vector magnetometer is constructed based on scalar calibration, and least square solution is deduced by two nonlinear conversions without any mathematical simplification. Then outputs of four tri-axial magnetometers are calibrated to sensor’s orthogonal coordinate respectively. Secondly, a least square estimation is proposed for the misalignment errors between different magnetometers according to the rotation matrix comprising conversion of different orthogonal coordinate system. After calibration, outputs of tri-axial magnetometers are acquired along the ideally platform frame-orthogonal coordinate system and these enable calibration of magnetic gradient tensor system. Simulations and experiments show that the proposed linear calibration method can accurately solve the detailed error parameters and decrease measurement errors of magnetic gradient tensor system remarkably. 相似文献
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《Measurement》2014
A simple sensor-to-microcontroller interface with improved accuracy is described. The sensor interface is based on single point calibration and uses one additional resistor to reduce the overall systematic errors. The errors are reduced by a systematical approach to control the nonlinearity of the transfer characteristic in such way that the system acts as it uses a two point calibration. In the paper, a theoretical model for implementation of the modified single point calibration technique is presented. When analyzing the measurement range typical for PT1000 temperature sensor, the systematic errors reduce by than a factor of two depending on the width of the measurement range. Different theoretical and experimental aspects for implementation of the proposed calibration technique are considered, as well as: process, voltage, temperature variation and power consumption. 相似文献
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As a kind of binocular stereo vision system, stereo vision sensor constructed by a single camera and mirrors (SSCMs) has been paid increasing attention for three-dimensional measurement applications due to its low cost, high efficiency and synchronization. Currently, the existing model for SSCM considers the real camera as two half-Field-of-View (FOV) virtual cameras formed by reflection effects of the mirrors. The calibration methods based on this conventional model are either complicated to operate or deriving non-identical system parameters. To solve the problem, a novel model and the corresponding calibration approach are presented, which take the sensor as an integrated structure with the viewpoint that the camera captures two virtual points formed by the same object point due to the reflection effects of the mirrors. Also, the calibration and the measurement accuracy evaluation functions are discussed. Both simulated and real experiments compare the calibration and the measurement error of the proposed method with the two traditional methods. The results show that the proposed approach has higher measurement accuracy and more robust than the traditional methods, which meet high-precision requirements for low-cost three-dimensional measurement applications. 相似文献
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预紧式并联六维力传感器容错测量机理与标定测试研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对一种预紧式并联六维力传感器进行了容错测量原理的理论分析与标定测试研究。介绍了预紧式并联六维力传感器的结构容错特点,并基于螺旋理论和变形协调关系,分别建立传感器无故障、信号故障时的数学模型,进而揭示其容错测量机理。研究分析了预紧式并联六维力传感器的静态标定算法,提出一种容错标定方法,并对传感器进行了无故障及信号故障时单向、两方向组合及分区加载的容错静态标定测试研究。通过分析测试数据,得到传感器不同工作状态下的线性误差。研究内容为容错六维力传感器的实际应用奠定了理论和试验基础。 相似文献
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基于Stewart机构的六维力/力矩传感器 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
基于Stewart机构的六维力/力矩传感器是一种十分优越的测力传感器,具有测力接触面大、承载能力强、量程大、测力信息丰富等优点,可被广泛应用在航空机器人、航空航天技术及宇宙空间器的对接试验、风洞试验等场合。根据以上特点,阐述Stewart机构的六维力/力矩传感器的测力原理,分析传感器的受力变形,零部件设计尺寸和理论尺寸的制造误差及安装误差对其测力精度的影响,并对其结构参数进行优化设计。提出一种标定方法,研究其标定算法。对自主研制的Stewart六维力/力矩传感器进行标定试验,得出该传感器的标定矩阵。研究结果表明,用标定矩阵代替传感器理论影响系数矩阵参与6个单向力传感器输出信号的耦合,能够有效地提高该传感器的测力精度。 相似文献
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《Measurement》2016
In order to set integrated procedures involving geotechnical and structural aspects finalized to buildings diagnostics, uncertainty aspects are discussed concerning three-axis accelerometers and inclinometers for a distributed sensor network. This network allows to operate in a selective manner, preferring the most critical situations. To this aim, the main aspects affecting the measurement uncertainty of sensors to be used for building diagnostic should be known. As the firstly step of the uncertainty evaluation procedure, we focused on the calibration of sensors used for the task. The requirement of low cost and complexity of sensors and test benches was considered. Experimental results show that satisfactory calibration accuracy could be achieved, also for the low frequency range, 0–10 Hz. Systematic errors are minimized and main parameters affecting uncertainty are identified, such as: the motion positioning of the accelerometer with respect to the vertical axis, the imposed motion law, the parameter used as the reference and, finally, the real radial positioning of the sensor. Requirements to be satisfied by the sensor are also analysed. 相似文献
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针对皮下植入式葡萄糖传感器在实际动态监测过程中易受生理环境影响限制测量精度的问题,提出了一种基于单点校准技术优化的实时自调整校准算法实现传感器的信号漂移补偿和灵敏度衰减校正。该方法能够对单点校准过程中的关键参数(灵敏度和电流信号)进行调整从而建立最优模型。用最小二乘方法拟合出模型的初始参数,根据建立的最优模型对在体监测3 d的电流数据进行校准,结果表明,经该方法校准的血糖浓度相对误差在0.01%~6.67%范围内,优于传统单点校准模型的6.36%~16.92%,具有更高的校准精度和实用价值,有效提高了动态血糖监测的准确性。 相似文献
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在电感位移传感器设计中,电感传感器内线圈与磁芯的结构特性是影响传感器性能的关键因素。为提高传感器检测性能,根据毕奥-沙伐尔定律建立了传感器内线圈与磁芯模型,利用有限元分析软件建立了相应结构模型。通过分析线圈与磁芯各项参数变化以及线圈与磁芯存在安装与加工误差的情况,得到了各参数变化以及安装与加工误差对传感器测量性能的影响,以此对线圈和磁芯进行了优化。研究结果表明,当线圈长度与磁芯长度的比值在1.45~1.6之间时,传感器能获得较大的电感相对变化量;线圈长度、磁芯长度与磁芯半径的变化对线性度的影响不明显,线性度在0.5%附近,磁芯安装偏心与倾斜对传感器性能影响较小,可忽略不计;电感相对变化量会随着磁芯锥度的增大而减小。 相似文献
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磁梯度张量系统的测量精度受限于磁传感器的零漂、灵敏度差异和三轴非正交性等系统误差以及各传感器轴系间的非对准误差。构建了平面十字磁梯度张量系统的误差参数线性模型,提出了两步线性校正法。利用两个非线性变量转换构建单磁传感器系统误差的线性方程组,对误差参数进行最小二乘估计,将传感器实际输出校正为各自理想正交输出;利用旋转矩阵构建各传感器理想正交轴间非对准误差的线性方程组并求出最小二乘解,将各传感器输出校正到参考平台框架正交坐标系上。两步校正过程均无数学简化。仿真与实验表明,相比忽略二阶及以上高阶小量的常规线性校正,提出的张量系统两步线性校正法更为精确,误差参数仿真估计准确率高于93%,实测校正后总场强度均方根误差小于13 n T,张量分量均方根误差小于90 n T/m。 相似文献