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向聚砜 (PSF)中加入 5 %可原位成纤的半芳族热致液晶聚合物 (TL CP1) ,原位复合材料的表观粘度同PSF相比有明显降低 ,聚砜的加工性得到明显改进 ,同时复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、拉伸模量、弯曲模量均有所提高。形态研究表明 :在 TL CP含量为 5 %~30 %范围内 TL CP1均可在基体中分散并形成具有一定长径比的微纤。当 TL CP1用量高于 10 %时 ,原位复合体系呈现明显的皮 -芯形态 ,抗拉及抗弯曲性能发生劣化 ,但模量显著增加 相似文献
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电控聚合物分散液晶全息透镜的设计与制作 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在介绍了纳米聚合物分散液晶材料电控全息开关透镜基本原理的基础上,选取经实验优化的聚合物分散液品配方EB8301:TEB300:RB:NPG:NVP=100:100:0.2:0.5:15并额外添加降低驱动电压的材料S-271,根据聚合物分散液晶材料的曝光特性及伞息透镜原理,设计球面波与平面波干涉伞息透镜记录光路,成功制作了电控全息开关透镜.该电控聚合物分散液晶全息开关透镜为平板式没计,对可见光基本无散射,驱动开火电压在60 V至80 V之间,在变焦成像系统,集成光学等方面有广泛应用前景. 相似文献
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采用分子动力学(MD)模拟方法研究了半灵活主链型液晶聚合物(LCPs)的结构特性,其中分子链通过最新定义的模型——Solo-LJ-SP-GB模型来描述。该模型已被证实所需计算时间不到传统GB/LJ模型的十分之一,可大大地提高计算效率。通过模拟半灵活主链型LCPs 的液晶形成过程,研究了LCP分子中不同个数的间隔体对该材料热力学特性的影响。研究发现其热力学特性呈现出与间隔体个数相关的奇偶效应,这与现有试验结果相当吻合。通过对半灵活主链型LCPs的局域空间方位时间相关函数及平移灵活性的测量,并与传统GB/LJ模型的模拟结果相比较,发现两种模型显示出相似的各向异性及灵活性。 相似文献
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半流体脂由于其独特的流变性,兼具有润滑油与脂的优点而获得越来越广泛的应用。本文利用毛细管粘度计和RV2型流变仪研究了半流体脂的弹流润滑机理。 相似文献
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Orientational behaviours under the action of linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light of a side-chain azobenzene containing polymer were studied by conoscopic polarized microscopy. The results suggest that the linearly polarized light (473 nm, 20 mW cm(-2)) results in an in-plane orientation of the azobenzene groups. The irradiation with circularly polarized light (473 nm, 20 mW cm(-2)) leads to a tilt orientation (out-of-plane) of the azobenzene groups with the long axis of mesogens aligned along the propagation direction of the actinic light. Characteristic features of the in-plane and out-of-plane orientated films were obtained from their interference figures. The in-plane orientated film shows an interference cross consisting of a broad fuzzy bar, and the cross-centre lies in the centre of view field. In-plane orientated film also yields a flash figure upon a less than 10° rotation of the sample under polarized microscopy. The interference figures yielded from the out-of-plane orientated films consist of narrow bar cross. The locations of those interference figures depend on the oblique angle of the irradiation light. A method for distinguishing the in-plane orientation of the mesogens from the vertically out-of-plane orientation is demonstrated, which is based on comparing the bar width of their interference figures, and by whether they can produce a flash figure upon a small angle rotation of the film. The liquid crystalline film is identified as positive and uniaxial anisotropy after annealing of the perpendicularly irradiated film. 相似文献
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Structure and morphology of the in situ composites of a liquid crystalline polymer and polycarbonate
In situ composites were prepared via melt blending of a liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) and polycarbonate using a twin screw extruder. The structure and morphology of these composites were analysed using both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy. The LCP phases were able to orientate and form in situ submicrometre fibres during the extrusion and post-extrusion drawing. TEM images as well as selected-area diffraction patterns were obtained from the materials. The effects of both composition, i.e. LCP content, and post-extrusion draw-down ratio on the development of the in situ formed LCP fibres were studied in detail. A skin–core morphological differentiation is observed in these materials where well-defined LCP fibres of higher aspect ratios were formed in the skin region. However, a significant amount of unelongated LCP particles were found coexisting with the less well-defined fibres in the core region of the extrudates. This skin–core differentiation was found to be dependent on the composition and the processing conditions, e.g. draw ratio. In this instance, electron microscopy is proven to be a powerful technique not only for direct observation of the formation, dimensions and morphology of the in situ LCP fibres, but also for the qualitative and quantitative characterization of the molecular orientation and crystalline structures in these fibres using selected-area electron diffraction. It is observed that the skin–core differentiation becomes more distinct in the in situ composites containing a higher percentage of LCP but diminishes when the material is processed at higher post-extrusion draw ratio. 相似文献
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采用液相化学还原法,在水体系中,以醋酸镍为前驱体,水合肼为还原剂,氢氧化钠为pH值调节剂,引入微波辐照,加入适量自制表面活性剂为修饰剂,合成了长85~95nm、直径为3~6nm的针形纳米镍。通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和热重-差热分析(TG-DSC)对纳米镍进行了表征。将所制备的纳米镍添加到成品润滑油15W/40SF汽油机油中,考察了添加前后润滑油的摩擦学性能。结果表明:添加纳米镍后较大程度地降低了成品润滑油的摩擦因数,显著改善了成品润滑油的摩擦学性能;添加量的增加对润滑油摩擦性能的改善略有提高,但提高不大。 相似文献
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同轴圆筒旋转粘度计测量误差的分析与修正 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在使用同轴圆筒旋转粘度计进行实际测量时,由于实验条件与假定理想条件不符会产生测量误差。本文重点分析了Physica MCR301同轴圆筒旋转粘度计中牛顿流体、幂律流体、屈服假塑性流体及递减硬化固体材料的剪切速率、剪切应变和剪切应力的分布规律,以及由流体本构方程导致的稳态测量误差和由仪器测量系统本身惯性引入的瞬态测量误差。结合实验对稳态测量误差进行迭代逼近法修正,对瞬态测量误差由实测剪应力减去系统惯性力进行修正,这对测量非牛顿流体的流变性有重要意义。 相似文献
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采用静电纺丝法,以Fe3O4纳米粒子为磁性填料、明胶为基体,制备出磁性电纺丝明胶纳米纤维支架,SEM观察发现所制备的电纺丝纤维支架具有连续、光滑、直径分布均匀的纤维形貌,XRD与FT—IR分析验证了磁性电纺丝明胶纳米纤维支架中Fe3O4的存在,VSM发现磁性电纺丝明胶纳米纤维支架具有超顺弱磁性,TEM证实了磁性电纺丝明胶纳米纤维支架中Fe3O4纳米粒子以团聚形式存在,提示我们应进一步研究Fe3O4纳米粒子表面修饰与改性,以提高其分散性。本研究制备的磁性电纺丝明胶纳米纤维支架为进一步应用于生物医学工程领域奠定了基础。 相似文献
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食品安全是人们普遍十分关心的问题,发展新的食品检测技术有关于民生的大事,具有十分的重要的意义。食品分析涉及营养成分、添加剂、有毒有害的有机农药残留和无机重金属杂质检测等多个方面。本文仅介绍了新型绿色萃取技术结合原子吸收光谱在食品中有毒有害重金属组分检测中的应用,绿色萃取技术包括固相萃取(SPE)、单滴微萃取(SDME)、分散液-液微萃取(DLLME)、浊点萃取(CPE等),以及室温离子液体(RTIL)、分子印迹聚合物(MIP)在萃取中的应用。引用文献50篇。 相似文献
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对采用磁控溅射法制备金属W薄膜,研究了不同厚度W薄膜退火晶体取向和表面结构的动态演变过程.结果表明:在较薄的膜中,表面能最低的晶面(110)处于支配地位,导致(110)择优取向增强;薄膜表面结构颗粒尺寸增大.当薄膜超过临界厚度,应变能开始起主导作用,薄膜(110)择优取向程度随厚度的增加而下降,表面结构颗粒减小.薄膜晶体取向和表面结构都存在厚度尺寸效应,这依赖于表面能和应变能的动态平衡过程.薄膜表面形貌和晶体结构之间存在对应关系. 相似文献