我国同位素质谱计研究工作现状

本文评述了80年代以来我国同位素质谱计的研宄工作.主要介绍了小型专用同位素质谱计的研制,进口质谱计的改进和国产质谱计的改造.     

刮板细度计智能检定装置的研制及刮板斜槽底面平面度的检定方法探讨

刮板细度计是用来测量涂料、漆浆、油墨和其它液体浆状物中颜料及杂质颗粒大小和分散程度的常用计量器具,为保证刮板细度计计量性能的准确可靠,研制刮板细度计检定装置对刮板细度计的主要计量性能进行测量。重点介绍了该检定装置的结构和对刮板细度计斜槽底平面度的检定方法。     

计量物资精益化管理系统的实现

在实现计量物资精益化管理过程中,应用计算机信息化手段,配合研发自动化设备,解决了大规模表计的精益化管理问题,实现了表计分布可视化,在有效管理表计的同时为集抄项目后续管控提供了数据支撑,并利用周转箱编码绑定装置、移动盘点终端等设备实现了表计编号与箱号、垛号自动绑定及入库记账自动化,实现了表计库存的有效监控。在实验室表计流转方面,利用可视化智能仓储系统,实现了表计位置分布可视化、生产过程可视化和流转记账自动化,支撑了实验室检定计划及配送计划实施。     

便携式洛氏硬度计检定装置研究

针对现有洛氏硬度计检定装置的一些不足,设计了一套用于检定和校准洛氏硬度计的便携式装置。该装置体积小,重量轻,便于携带和操作,集成了力传感器、位移传感器和计时器,可实现对洛氏硬度计的加载载荷及其保持时间、测深装置及硬度示值进行同步校准。本文还测试了该装置的计量特性,并对用该装置校准洛氏硬度计的结果进行了验证。试验结果表明,该装置具有较高的精度和稳定性,能够满足洛氏硬度计的校准需求。     

标记免疫实验技术和分析仪器

本文介绍了各种标记免疫实验技术的原理和以这些原理为基础的免疫化学分析仪，如光度计，荧光计，荧光偏振仪，时间分辨荧光计和化学发光计等。列举了有代表性的仪器系统作为实例。最后简单讨论了如何评价和选择免疫分析仪。     

电子皮带秤三计技术在工业中的应用

本文介绍了三计皮带秤的原理及安装调试过程,分析了三计皮带秤较普通皮带秤的优点和在工业中的应用和前景。     

引伸计的测量原理及其改进方法

本文分析了包括接触式引伸计和非接触式引伸计在内的常见变形测量装置的原理,在分别总结其优点和缺点的基础上,提出了两种基于激光设备与图像处理技术的改进方案。这两种测量方法克服了部分传统引伸计存在的问题,具有良好的应用前景。     

10^—9—10^—2Torr残气分析用的四极分析器微陈列

本文介绍了一种微型质谱计的设计、结构和特性，该质谱计由１６根圆杆微陈列成的９个四极质量分析器组成，用于残气分析。这种全新的设计由于减小了尺寸，从而缩短了路径与平均自由程之比＾＊，使动态范围在高压端扩展到１０＾－２Ｔｏｒｒ，时同保证了低压端的灵敏度和质量分辨率。该质谱计体积小、重量轻、低功耗、低成本，从而有很多的新作用，例如高压过程的实监控，还讨论了该质谱计在工作压强比传统质谱计高二个数量级环境下的     

卡式预付费表计的安全设计策略

卡式预付费表计由于解决了人工抄表工作量大、催收费用难的问题，被广泛应用，但卡式预付费表计存在着严重的安全隐患。本文分析了卡式预付费表计存在的主要安全隐患，且针对这些安全隐患，给出了卡式预付费表计安全设计策略。     

微处理器控制的离子迁移计样机的研制

介绍了离子迁移计的基本原理;概述了一种微处理器控制的离子迁移计样机的设计,包括总体结构、信号采集方法和主程序流程;给出了用本仪器测得的二氯二乙硫醚的负离子信号谱图.离子迁移计的灵敏度很高,可以应用于环境监测和化学侦察.     

时栅位移传感器在构造场中的耦合特性研究

为了进一步溯源时栅位移传感器磁场耦合过程引起的误差,对时栅位移传感器在构造场中的耦合特性进行研究,并研制了一种基于指数形平面线圈结构的新型直线时栅位移传感器。建立传感器工程构造磁场的数学模型,分析传感器耦合间隙对线圈耦合平面磁场分布的影响,研究不同形状平面线圈的耦合特性;根据传感器的耦合特性,构建了一种新型直线时栅位移传感器测量模型,对该模型进行了电磁场有限元仿真和仿真误差分析,得出该结构最佳感应间隙为0.4 mm;对传感器的结构误差进行了溯源分析,进一步优化传感器的结构;搭建实验平台,利用双层PCB绕线工艺加工传感器定尺和动尺,对优化前后的传感器样机开展对比实验。实验结果表明,设计的基于指数形平面线圈结构的新型直线时栅位移传感器可以有效抑制传感器的四次误差,新研制的传感器样机的原始测量精度在原有的基础上提高了45.8%。     

新型传感器的现状与发展

当前信息时代,传感器系统正朝着微型化、智能化、多功能化的方向发展.着重论述了三类传感器的技术功能现状及发展前景,并介绍了其在信号探测中的成功用例.     

Dynamic calibration method of high-pressure transducer based on quasi-δ function excitation source

This paper presents a dynamic calibration method of frequency response characteristics of high-pressure sensor. In this method, the pressure sensor was under high hydrostatic pressure in advance, then use the bullet impacted Hopkinson bar and generated quasi-δ function signal with small amplitude, which excited the sensor being calibrated. The excitation signal of sensor are collected, at the same time, output signal of the sensor are collected, and at last, the collected data are processed according to calibration principle and calculated the frequency response of the sensor being calibrated. This calibration method realized dynamic calibration of high pressure sensor under actual working pressure; it can realize the low limit frequency of the calibrated frequency range strictly reaches to zero frequency. This method can also be applied to acceleration sensor, transient high-temperature sensor, and other types of sensors. In this paper, the calibration principle of quasi-δ function dynamic calibration method is introduced. The relationship among pulse width of excitation signal, frequency range that can be calibrated and calibration precision is analyzed. The experimental results are also shown.     

A novel parallel sensor with six rigid compliant limbs for measuring six- component force/torque

A novel parallel sensor with six rigid/compliant hybrid limbs and six standard force sensors is developed for measuring the six-component force/torque. The measuring theory and performances are studied. A prototype of the robot hybrid hands with the parallel sensor is developed. A prototype of the parallel sensor is built up and its merits and performances are analyzed. A statics equation among the forces of the standard force sensors and the whole external load and a stiffness model of the parallel sensor are established based on its equivalent parallel mechanism. The force/torque of the parallel sensor is measured under the given external load. The theoretical solutions of the statics model of the parallel sensor are obtained and verified by both the experimental measuring solutions of the prototype of the parallel sensor and the simulation solutions of a FE model.

     

A novel magnetostrictive static force sensor based on the giant magnetostrictive material

In order to realize static force measuring and improve the sensitivity of magnetostrictive force sensor, a novel magnetostrictive static force sensor with giant magnetostrictive material rod is presented. A Hall sensor integrated in the sensor is used to measure magnetic flux density variation under force. A special structure surrounding Hall sensor is proposed to improve the sensitivity. The design method of the giant magnetostrictive force sensor is expounded firstly. The magnetic characteristics are analyzed by FEM. A model is developed based on the coupled linear magnetomechanical constitutive equations and the experimental result shows that the model is good at reflecting the force. The optimal bias magnetic field and sensitivity are studied through experiments. The sensor sensitivity is 6.14 times higher than that of the sensor which dose not have a stainless steel ring. The paper lays a foundation for the development of magnetostrictive force sensor with giant magnetostrictive material.     

采煤机截割高度测量模型与测量误差分析

采煤机截割高度的测量及其误差分析是实现综采工作面自动化的一项重要研究内容。本文针对机身姿态传感器和摇臂摆角传感器测量方案、机身姿态传感器和调高油缸位移传感器测量方案,分别建立了采煤机截割高度测量模型。利用函数误差公式,推导了测量误差模型。以MG1000/2660-WD型采煤机为例,分析了截割高度测量误差分别随俯仰角、摇臂摆角和调高油缸位移的变化规律,得到了两种测量方案截割高度测量误差的最大值的位置。根据算例分析的结果可知,摇臂摆角传感器和调高油缸位移传感器的精度对测量误差的影响较小,机身姿态传感器的精度将决定截割高度测量误差的大小。最后,以采煤机截割高度测量误差小于5 cm为例进行分析,得出两种测量方案下各传感器的精度要求:摇臂摆角传感器精度为0.022°和机身姿态传感器的俯仰角最大动态误差小于0.16°(1 h内),调高油缸位移传感器精度为1 mm和机身姿态传感器的俯仰角最大动态误差小于0.14°(1 h内)。     

旋转电弧传感器的研制

介绍了电弧传感的基本原理及旋转电弧传感器用于焊接接头跟踪的工作原理。针对焊缝跟踪对传感器的要求，研制了一种适用于焊接机器人的轻便、紧凑、高速旋转的电弧传感器。详细介绍了高速旋转电弧传感器的旋转驱动电路、位置检测电路以及焊接电流采样电路。实验证明所设计的电路抗干扰能力强，旋转速度稳定，测位脉冲可靠，焊接电流的采集线性度好。该电弧传感器已在焊接机器人焊缝跟踪控制系统中得到成功应用。     

An integrated sensor for pressure, temperature, and relative humidity based on MEMS technology

This paper presents an integrated multifunctional sensor based on MEMS technology, which can be used or embedded in mobile devices for environmental monitoring. An absolute pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are integrated in one silicon chip of which the size is 5 mmX 5 mm. The pressure sensor uses a bulk-micromachined diaphragm structure with the piezoresistors. For temperature sensing, a silicon temperature sensor based on the spreading-resistance principle is designed and fabricated. The humidity sensor is a capacitive humidity sensor which has the polyimide film and interdigitated capacitance electrodes. The different piezoresistive orientation is used for the pressure and temperature sensor to avoid the interference between sensors. Each sensor shows good sensor characteristics except for the humidity sensor. However, the linearity and hysteresis of the humidity sensor can be improved by selecting the proper polymer materials and structures.     

振动功率流测量方法的研究

研究梁结构中功率流的测量中分别用加速度传感器和PVDF传感器进行功率流测量.通过压电加速度传感器与PVDF传感器测量进行实验比较,结果表明,设计制作的正弦形状和余弦形状传感器是适用可行的.     

Research on force-sensing element's spatial arrangement of piezoelectric six-component force/torque sensor

This paper proposes a novel piezoelectric six-component force/torque sensor with four-point supporting structure, and makes research on force-sensing element's spatial arrangement of the novel sensor. Two kinds of different spatial arrangements are advanced, lozenge and square arrangement. The mathematical models are built and calculated. The influence on using performance of the two kinds of different spatial arrangements of the sensor is analyzed by FEM (ANSYS software). In order to investigate the validity of the proposed method, a prototype of piezoelectric six-component force/moment sensor is developed with two kinds of different spatial arrangements, and characteristic tests of the piezoelectric six-component force/moment sensor are performed. The test shows that both of the different spatial arrangement sensors could be used to measure six-component force/torque, but the square arrangement piezoelectric six-component force/moment sensor is more suitable for measurement of six-component force/torque on axis. The interference errors of square arrangement sensor are less than 5%, which are lower than those of the lozenge arrangement sensor. The natural frequencies in six directions are analyzed and discussed.