Ce对NdFeB永磁体磁性能和微观结构的影响

研究了稀土元素Ce的添加对NdFeB性能的影响。随着Ce含量增加,样品的磁性能剩磁、矫顽力、磁能积分别下降。对比结果:添加量10%时,磁体性能较优,剩磁1.2 T,内禀矫顽力1002 kA/m,最大磁能积273.7kJ/m3。使用XRD检测磁体中CeO2衍射峰增强,SEM观察烧结样品富钕相富集区域增加,样品中孔隙数和孔洞直径明显增大造成磁性能恶化。Ce含量增加导致性能下降,但本实验室制造的(Nd,Ce)2Fe14B磁能积仍在30 MGOe～35 MGOe范围,因而探索稀土元素Ce替代Nd的工作仍然具有积极的经济效益和社会意义。     

微量添加晶界合金对烧结Nd-Fe-B力学性能及微观结构的影响

采用双合金法制备系列烧结Nd—Fe—B磁体(保持其主合金成分不变：Ndl4．1Dy0．5Fe79.0B6.4(原子分数)，所添加的晶界合金中的B含量从0．95％(原子分数)逐步增加到6．95％(原子分数))，研究了微量添加晶界合金对烧结Nd—Fe—B力学性能及微观结构的影响。研究结果表明：微量添加晶界合金所制备的磁体，其抗弯强度值普遍高于单合金法制得的磁体；前者的抗弯强度最高可达397MPa，高于铸造，热压磁体的抗弯值，而后者的抗弯强度仅为309MPa。由相结构分析可知，当添加的晶界合金中的B含量为O．95(原子分数)，主相晶格的四方度减小，这时磁体具有最高的抗弯强度。另外，微量添加晶界合金，可使磁体中晶界相的分布更加均匀，从而基本上消除了主相晶粒直接接触的现象，使晶粒的不规则长大得到抑制。这也是微量添加晶界合金后磁体具有较高抗弯强度的原因之一。对磁性能的研究结果表明，微量添加晶界合金几乎不影响烧结Nd—Fe—B磁体的磁性能。     

烧结温度对MM-Fe-B永磁体磁性能与微观结构的影响

利用白云鄂博共伴生混合稀土(MM)制备了MM-Fe-B永磁体,研究了烧结温度对磁性能与微观结构的影响。随着烧结温度的升高,磁体的密度逐渐升高,剩磁、矫顽力、最大磁能积先增大后减小。对比结果:当烧结温度为980℃时,磁性能最优,剩磁0. 862 T(8. 62 k Gs),内禀矫顽力171. 6 k A/m(2. 16 k Oe),最大磁能积84. 6 k J/m3(10. 63 MGOe)。与Nd Fe B最优烧结温度(1060℃)相比MM-Fe-B烧结温度有所降低,有利于节能减排。对磁体微结构分析发现磁体中存在Ce Fe2相,La元素富集于富稀土相中,磁体中存在大量的穿晶畴。探索利用共伴生混合稀土制备永磁体对稀土资源合理高效使用和环境保护具有重大意义。     

高丰度稀土添加对NdFeB微观结构及性能影响

钕铁硼磁体制造过程中速凝铸片微观组织的形态对磁体的性能有重要的影响。本文系统研究了不同Y\La\Ce添加量对烧结NdFeB磁体的铸片微观组织及磁体性能的影响。结果表明Y\La\Ce添加量为10%稀土总量(TRE)时,磁体速凝铸片的微观形貌保持良好的板条状结晶,而随着添加量的增加,速凝铸片的结晶形态变差,磁体性能呈线性下降。不同的取代元素对磁体性能影响程度不同,剩磁衰减量YCeLa,矫顽力衰减量YLaCe,为制备具有良好性能的低成本磁体提供了指导。     

添加Ga、Nb对NdDyTb-FeCo-B烧结磁体显微组织和磁性能的影响

研究了复合添加Ga、Nb对NdDyTb-FeCo-B烧结磁体的显微组织和磁性能的影响。结果表明:添加0.1%Ga、0.5%Nb磁体的矫顽力iHc、剩磁Br、最大磁能积(BH)max均较好。用SEM电镜对显微组织进行分析,发现添加Ga后晶粒大小均匀,形状规则化。在烧结过程中Ga原子置换Nd2Fe14B相中Fe原子形成Nd2Fe14-xGaxB二次主相,使反磁化核不易形成和扩展,从而改善磁体的磁性能。     

Nd-Y-Fe-B永磁合金研究进展

随着Nd-Fe-B磁体的快速发展,合理利用La、Ce、Y等相对廉价稀土来降低生产成本具有重大的研究意义。研究Y在Nd-Y-Fe-B中添加对其磁性能的影响,有助于其他新兴磁体的发展。综述了Y替代Nd或者Fe对稀土永磁材料磁性能的影响,包括:Nd-Y-Fe-B合金本征磁性能、Nd-Y-Fe-B烧结磁体的磁性、Nd-Y-Fe-B纳米晶磁体的宏观磁性和微观结构。     

生坯密度对烧结 Nd-Fe-B 磁体结构与性能的影响

结合国内烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体工业生产过程，研究了压制成型时生坯密度变化对烧结Nd—Fe—B磁体致密化程度、显微组织、取向度与磁性能的影响。试验结果表明，生坯密度的提高可促进烧结致密化过程，抑制烧结过程晶粒的不均匀长大，提高取向度，改善磁性能。     

(Nd,Pr,Ce)-Fe-B磁体的组织与磁学性能

为开发低成本烧结钕铁硼磁体,用30% Ce替代(Nd_0.75Pr_0.25)_32.69Fe_66.25B_1.06磁体中的Nd和Pr,研究了磁体在烧结及回火过程中的组织结构和磁学性能变化.结果表明,取向压坯在1030~1080℃烧结2 h后,随烧结温度升高,磁学性能下降,烧结温度为1030℃时综合磁学性能均最好.烧结态Ce替代磁体的综合磁学性能优于未替代磁体.一级回火后,相组成和晶粒尺寸基本不变,边界结构也未发生明显变化,磁体性能基本不变,或有少量下降.二级回火后,晶界明显改善,获得较清晰且平直的晶界,磁体矫顽力均得到大幅提高.Ce替代磁体的剩磁、矫顽力和磁能积均稍低于未替代磁体.      

高Ce含量RE-Fe-B烧结磁体元素分布与磁性能研究

为了开发具有商业价值的高Ce含量RE-Fe-B磁体,提高高丰度稀土Ce的利用率,对不同Ce替代量RE-Fe-B磁体的磁性能和微观结构进行了研究。实验结果表明,Ce/(Ce+Nd)质量分数达到40%的双主相磁体仍保持着优良的磁性能,剩磁B_r达到1.31 T,最大磁能积(BH)_max达到310.56 kJ/m³。在Ce替代量为40%的单、双主相磁体中,Nd和Ce元素的置换行为存在差异,单、双主相磁体中Nd元素均偏向于进入主相晶粒,Ce元素则趋于聚集在晶界相或主相晶粒表层,且在双主相磁体中形成贫Ce主相和接近名义成分的(Nd_0.6Ce_0.4)_30.5(Fe, M)_balB_0.97主相。通过观察磁畴翻转分析了单、双主相磁体的磁化行为,研究了双主相磁体矫顽力增强机制：贫Ce主相的高各向异性场对富Ce主相的磁矩起到了钉扎作用。Nd和Ce元素扩散行为的研究为制备高Ce含量、高磁性能的商业化RE-Fe-B磁体提供了依据。     

放电等离子烧结技术制备Sm2Fe17Nx烧结磁体的研究

采用放电等离子烧结技术制备了Sm2Fe17Nx烧结磁体,考查了压力、烧结温度和升温速率对烧结磁体性能的影响.结果表明:随压力的增加,磁体的致密度显著提高,但Sm2Fe17Nx分解成SmN、α-Fe和N2的程度加剧,造成磁体的矫顽力明显下降,在1GPa的高压下烧结时,超过200℃后磁体的矫顽力就下降很快,说明高压促进了Sm2Fe17Nx的低温分解;采用升温速率为450℃/min的快速烧结工艺,发现未能有效地抑制Sm2Fe17Nx的分解.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.