配方因素对三元乙丙橡胶胶料硫化特性的影响

研究配方因素（硫化体系、活性剂、补强填料和增塑剂）对三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）胶料硫化特性的影响。结果表明：硫化体系是决定EPDM胶料硫化特性的主要因素,其中硫黄硫化体系胶料的硫化速度快,综合性能较好;补强填料用量较大,活性剂参与硫化反应,二者对EPDM胶料硫化特性的影响较大,炭黑因表面呈碱性而对硫化有促进作用,白炭黑因表面呈酸性而对硫化有延迟作用;增塑剂不参与交联键的形成,其对EPDM胶料硫化特性的影响不大。     

三元乙丙橡胶防水卷材耐热氧老化性能的研究

研究三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）防水卷材的耐热氧老化性能。结果表明：经过热氧老化,EPDM硫化胶的硬度、拉伸强度、交联密度总体呈增大趋势;过氧化物体系硫化胶料的老化因数都大于1,且随着老化时间的延长,老化因数变化很小;半有效硫黄硫化体系硫化的EPDM胶料的接触角随老化时间延长先增大后减小,过氧化物体系硫化的EPDM胶料的接触角随老化时间延长先增大后减小然后再增大。     

高强度低膨胀率无卤阻燃三元乙丙橡胶胶料的制备

采用新型无卤氮磷系阻燃剂SFR和无机金属阻燃剂氢氧化铝[Al（OH）3]并用制备无卤阻燃三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）胶料,研究阻燃体系对EPDM胶料性能的影响。结果表明：当53. 3份阻燃剂SFR与40份Al（OH）3并用,EPDM硫化胶的拉伸强度和撕裂强度较高、耐过热水性能优异、体积变化率小、阻燃达到V0级,可很好地解决目前使用普通无卤氮磷系阻燃剂的EPDM胶料的强度低、耐过热水性能差和膨胀率大的问题。     

EPDM的压缩永久变形性能研究

研究了硫化体系、填充体系、增塑体系和硫化时间对EPDM高温下压缩永久变形的影响。实验结果表明：在硫黄、过氧化物、酚醛树脂3种硫化体系中,过氧化物配合助交联剂（TAIC）硫化的EP—DM压缩永久变形最小,硫磺硫化体系硫化胶则最大;胶料的压缩永久变形随着炭黑类填料用量的增加而降低,却随着无机类填料用量的增加而增加;填充具有高结构、适当粒径的炭黑（如N550）并适当延长硫化时间能有效降低EPDM的压缩永久变形。     

用过氧化物和硫黄共交联剂硫化的EPDM／SBR并用胶的性能

该研究旨在以不超过30份SBR替代EPDM来降低最终制品的成本，用更有效的硫化体系来提高所选择的并用胶的性能。考察了硫黄、过氧化物共交联剂硫化体系对并用胶性能的影响。发现往EPDM／SBR胶料的过氧化物硫化体系中添加少量的硫黄作为共交联剂，显著地改善了并用胶的机械性能。还就重要的胶料性能包括EPDM／SBR并用胶的机械性能、压缩永久变形、热老化和抗臭氧性，与EPDM胶料进行了比较。     

硫化剂DTDM对EPDM胶料耐热老化性能的影响

研究了DTDM作为硫化剂 ,在常硫硫化体系、半有效硫化体系有有效硫化体系中 ,对EPEM胶料的硫化特力学性能以及耐热老化性能的影响 ,以及防老剂对EPDM胶料的耐热老化性能的影响。结果表明 ,DTDM使EPDM胶料焦烧期变长 ;DTDM影响EPDM硫化胶的力学性能和耐热老化性能的趋势不同 ,需要根据实际需要 ,选择合适的DTDM用量 ;防老剂的加入没有明显提高耐热老化性能     

溴化酚醛树脂对EPDM胶料硫化特性的影响

研究了溴甲基羟甲基对-叔辛基苯酚甲醛树脂（201树脂）用量、硫化温度、活化剂和Zn2（OH）2CO2用量对EPDM胶料硫化特性的影响。结果表明，随着201树脂用量的增大，EPDM胶料硫化曲线的最低扭矩（ML）逐渐下降；最高扭矩（MH）先增大后减小，当树脂用量为20份时，MH达到最大值；T50逐渐缩短，硫化速率逐渐加快；随着硫化温度的升高，胶料的MH逐渐增大，T90缩短，硫化曲线平坦性提高；硫化温度宜选在180℃；较低温度（160℃）下，可使用活化剂SnCl2或Zn2（OH）2CO3提高胶料平坦性。0．2份SnCl2或0．25份Zn2（OH）2CO3即可以使含10份树脂的胶料达到平坦硫化。     

低分子乙烯基聚丁二烯共交联剂对EPDM胶料性能的影响

试验研究低分子乙烯基聚丁二烯共交联剂Ricon 153D和154D对过氧化物硫化EPDM胶料性能的影响.结果表明,加入共交联剂Ricon 153D和154D,EPDM胶料的ML减小,MH增大,其中相对分子质量和粘度较小的Ricon 153D胶料的硫化速度相对较快,1,2-聚丁二烯质量分数较大的Ricon 154D胶料的交联程度相对较高;EPDM硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度增大,拉伸性能和撕裂强度下降,耐热空气老化性能和耐压缩永久变形性能提高;当共交联剂用量为3份时,EPDM硫化胶的热撕裂性能最佳.     

硫化剂DTDM对EPDM硫化胶性能的影响

研究了在S＝－份、S＝0.5份情况下硫化剂DTDM对EPDM硫化胶性能的影响。结果表明：单独使用DTDM作硫化剂时,胶料的硫化速度慢、焦烧时间长、力学性能尚好;当少量硫黄与DTDM并用时,胶料的硫化速度加快、焦烧时间缩短,但对力学性能有所损害;当S＝0份、DTDM用量为4份和S＝0.5份、DTDM用量为3份时,EPDM硫化胶的交联密度都趋于一平衡值;无论是在S＝0份还是S＝0.5份的硫化体系中,硫化剂DTDM用量为3－3.5份时,EPDM有效 料的耐热老化性能都比较好。     

EPDM硫黄硫化体系的优化设计

研究由硫黄、促进剂M、TRA和BZ组成的硫黄硫化体系对EPDM胶料性能的影响，特别是在总有效硫用量为1．5份、促进剂M用量为0．5份情况下，硫黄、促进剂TRA和BZ用量变化对EPDM胶料硫化特性和焦烧性能、硫化胶物理性能和耐老化性能的影响，并用等高线法进行分析。结果表明，促进剂BZ和TRA的用量不宜高于0．8份，硫黄／促进剂TRA／BZ适宜配比应保持在普通硫化体系的范围。     

高强度硅橡胶混炼胶的制备

用用Ｚ浆捏合机，将端乙烯基硅橡胶，气相白炭黑及羟基硅氧烷进行混炼，制备了高强度硅橡胶混炼胶。在白炭黑用量为４０份时，混炼胶硫化胶的拉伸强度为１１．７ＭＰａ，撕裂强度为４９．７ｋＮ／ｍ。９份端乙烯基硅橡胶与１份普通甲基乙烯基硅橡胶并用制备的混炼胶，其撕裂强度高达５７．７ｋＮ／ｍ，实验所制得的混炼胶与国外同类产品物理机械性能相当。     

改性白炭黑对NR/ENR共混胶力学性能的影响

研究了沉淀法白炭黑对NR/ENR共混胶力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着未改性白炭黑用量的增加,共混胶力学性能先升高后降低,未改性白炭黑用量为5～10份时共混胶力学性能较好;Si-69,KH-550和间苯二酚六次甲基四胺(PY)对白炭黑都有很好的改性效果,其中Si-69和KH-550用量分别为2.7份时改性效果最佳,PY(间苯二酚和六次甲基四胺用量比为40/60的络合物)用量为1份时改性效果最好。     

Fly‐ash particles and precipitated silica as fillers in rubbers. II. Effects of silica content and Si69‐treatment in natural rubber/styrene–butadiene rubber vulcanizates

This article explored the possibility of using silica from fly‐ash particles as reinforcement in natural rubber/styrene–butadiene rubber (NR/SBR) vulcanizates. For a given silica content, the NR : SBR blend ratio of 1 : 1 (or 50 : 50 phr) exhibited the optimum mechanical properties for fly‐ash filled NR/SBR blend system. When using untreated silica from fly‐ash, the cure time and mechanical properties of the NR/SBR vulcanizates decreased with increasing silica content. The improvement of the mechanical properties was achieved by addition of Si69, the recommended dosage being 2.0 wt % of silica content. The optimum tensile strength of the silica filled NR/SBR vulcanizates was peaked at 10–20 phr silica contents. Most mechanical properties increased with thermal ageing. The addition of silica from fly‐ash in the NR/SBR vulcanizates was found to improve the elastic behavior, including compression set and resilience, as compared with that of commercial precipitated silica. Taking mechanical properties into account, the recommended dosage for the silica (FASi) content was 20 phr. For more effective reinforcement, the silica from fly‐ash particles had to be chemically treated with 2.0 wt % Si69. It was convincing that silica from fly‐ash particles could be used to replace commercial silica as reinforcement in NR/SBR vulcanizates for cost‐saving and environment benefits. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Super-Toughened Fumed-Silica-Reinforced Thiol-Epoxy Composites Containing Epoxide-Terminated Polydimethylsiloxanes

In response to the demand for high-performance materials, epoxy thermosetting and its composites are widely used in various industries. However, their poor toughness, resulting from the high crosslinking density of the epoxy network, must be improved to expand their application to the manufacturing of flexible products. In this study, ductile epoxy thermosetting was produced using thiol compounds with functionalities of 2 and 3 as curing agents. The mechanical properties of the epoxy were further enhanced by incorporating fumed silica into it. To increase the filler dispersion, epoxide-terminated polydimethylsiloxane was synthesized and used as a composite component. Thanks to the polysiloxane–silica interaction, the nanosilica was uniformly dispersed in the epoxy composites, and their mechanical properties improved with increasing fumed silica content up to 5 phr (parts per hundred parts of epoxy resin). The toughness and impact strength of the composite containing 5 phr nanosilica were 5.17 (±0.13) MJ/m³ and 69.8 (±1.3) KJ/m², respectively.     

Guayule natural rubber composites: impact of fillers on their cure characteristics,dynamic and mechanical behavior

Guayule natural rubber (GNR) is an alternative resource of Hevea natural rubber (HNR) with 99.9% cis content in its 1,4-polyisoprene chemical backbone. In this study, compounds were formulated independently with four different reinforcing fillers such as carbon black (HAF), precipitated silica (VN3), fume silica (FUM) and nanofly ash (NFA) for the advancement of GNR based products. The cure characteristic, dynamic-mechanical performance and mechanical properties of GNR composite were studied with the reinforcing effect of different fillers on GNR. The cure characteristic results demonstrated that HAF and FUM silica filled compounds had more processing safety than VN3 and NFA filled compounds. Viscoelastic parameters of the vulcanizates were studied by dynamic mechanical analysis to estimate the glass transition characteristics and dynamic behavior. The higher storage modulus of FUM silica vulcanizate was an indication of superior filler reinforcing nature and improved rolling resistance than other filled systems. Additionally, HRTEM analysis also proved the better filler dispersion ability of FUM silica in GNR matrix. The mechanical properties were studied with a variation of each filler loading of 8, 16, and 32 phr in GNR vulcanizates. The tensile strength of each filled system increased with an increase of filler content from 8 to 32 phr. In comparison, FUM silica GNR vulcanizates exhibited better mechanical properties, therefore, it was considered as a better structure-performance composite than those of HAF, VN3 and NFA filled composites.

     

气相白炭黑对氟橡胶／硅橡胶共混胶性能的影响

采用气相白炭黑补强氟橡胶／硅橡胶共混胶。研究了气相白炭黑的用量和比表面积对氟橡胶／硅橡胶共混胶的力学性能、耐热老化性能和耐油性能的影响,并采用SEM观察了共混硫化胶的拉伸断面形貌。研究表明,随着气相白炭黑的用量从0份增加到50份,气相白炭黑的比表面积从120m^2·g^-1增大到380m^2·g^-1,共混胶的力学性能和耐油性能提高,而耐热老化性能下降;当气相白炭黑用量为40份,且比表面积为220m^2·g^-1时,共混硫化胶具有较好的综合性能。SEM照片表明,随着气相白炭黑用量增大,其在氟橡胶／硅橡胶共混胶中的分散均匀性下降;当气相白炭黑比表面积为220m^2·g^-1时,气相白炭黑的分散性较好。     

Tire tread compounds with reduced rolling resistance and improved wet grip

The aim of this work is to investigate the replacement of carbon black by silica‐organosilane coupling agent system and the number of processing steps on the mechanical properties, rolling resistance, and wet grip of truck tire treads. Eight compounds were prepared: two formulations based on carbon black, five formulations with the partial replacement of carbon black by a silica‐organosilane coupling agent system, and one formulation with the total replacement of carbon black with silica. The rolling resistance decreased by 10% and the wet grip increased by 18.5% for the compound with 15 phr of silica, 3 phr of organosilane, and three processing steps compared to the standard compound. The processing steps also promoted an improvement in these properties for the composition with 50 phr of carbon black. The partial use of silica reduced the abrasion loss, thus confirming the durability of the compound. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45334.     

极性橡胶改性白炭黑对全钢载重子午胎胎面胶性能的影响

利用丁腈橡胶(NBR)强极性的氰基与白炭黑表面的羟基之间的强相互作用,以两种不同丙烯腈含量的丁腈橡胶NBR1846和NBR3305改性白炭黑,并将之应用于全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶配方中。研究了NBR改性白炭黑对胎面胶加工性能、基本物理机械性能和动态性能的影响。研究结果表明,NBR-白炭黑的加入可以极大的提高胎面胶的硫化速度,当NBR用量为8phr时,硫化胶具有优良的综合物理机械性能。当采用NBR与白炭黑先共混的工艺时,硫化胶的物理机械性能最佳,而且硫化胶的磨耗体积和压缩疲劳温升也较小。动态力学测试分析表明,NBR用量为8phr时,胎面胶即具有高的抗湿滑性又具有低的滚动阻力,相对于与NBR1846,NBR3305改性白炭黑胶料的抗湿滑性能更高,滚动阻力也更低。     

Effect of nano zinc oxide on the cure characteristics and mechanical properties of the silica‐filled natural rubber/butadiene rubber compounds

With the increasing interest in environmental and health issues, legal restrictions, such as European Union (EU) End of Life Vehicle Directives, were strengthened. This led us to incorporate nano zinc oxide (nano‐ZnO), with particle sizes of 30–40 nm and specific surface areas of 25.0–50.0 m²/g, instead of conventional ZnO into natural rubber (NR)/butadiene rubber (BR) compounds to decrease the content of zinc in the formulation. In the unfilled system, only a 20 wt % nano‐ZnO content, compared to conventional zinc oxide content, showed the cure characteristics and mechanical properties of the same level. This was because the increase in the specific surface area of the nano‐ZnO led to an increase in the degree of crosslinking. The effect of nano‐ZnO on the cure characteristics and mechanical properties was more pronounced in the silica‐filled system than in the unfilled system. This was mainly because of the dispersing agent used in the silica‐filled system, which also improved the dispersion of nano‐ZnO. The silica‐filled NR/BR compounds containing 0.3–3.0 phr of nano‐ZnO showed improved curing characteristics and mechanical properties, such as optimum cure time, 100 and 300% modulus, tensile strength, and tear strength compared to the compound with 5 phr of conventional ZnO. The optimum amounts of nano‐ZnO and stearic acid were only 1.0 and 0.1 phr, respectively. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

HPVC/NBR并用透明鞋底的研制

研究了采用高聚合度聚氯乙烯(HPVC)与丁腈橡胶(NBR)并用制造透明鞋底的过程,讨论了材料折光率、稳定剂、HPVC/NBR并用比、补强剂和硫化体系等因素对鞋底的透明性和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明:选择共混比HPVC/NBR=70/30(质量比)、TS_3白炭黑30份、超细CaCO_3 3～5份及适量助剂.可制得透明性和力学性能较好的耐油透明鞋底;含铅类稳定剂不能在硫黄硫化的HPVC/NBR透明鞋底中使用;硫化体系对透明鞋底的力学性能影响不大。