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《纺织高校基础科学学报》2019,(4)
为研究涤纶通丝的性能及涂层对通丝各项性能的影响,分别采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、多功能电子织物强力机、弯曲试验仪和磨损试验装置对某企业提供的6种涤纶通丝涂层处理前后的形态结构、强伸性能、弯曲性能和耐磨性能进行测试。结果表明:经涂层后通丝表面形成了一层致密的膜;涤纶通丝胚线断裂强度为2.86~4.04 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为15.22%~21.03%,涂层通丝断裂强度变化不大,断裂伸长率下降,下降率为7.08%~20.38%;涤纶通丝胚线弯曲刚度为0.37~0.88 cN·cm~2/yarn,涂层通丝弯曲刚度提高,提高率为2.60%~57.8%;涤纶通丝胚线耐磨次数为29.97×10~4~157.96×10~4次,涂层通丝耐磨性提高,提高率为11.21%~59.91%。 相似文献
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通过涂层技术,用超细涂料对经有机硅改性水性聚丙烯酸酯(PA)、水性聚氨酯(PU)涂层的织物进行单面染色,文章分析了涂层厚度对不同打底织物柔软性、皂洗牢度及摩擦牢度、正反面K/S值等的影响。结果表明:有机硅改性水性聚丙烯酸酯(PA)、水性聚氨酯(PU)打底的厚度分别为50、30μm时可以获得最佳的手感。涂层胶打底的织物的背渗量随着涂层胶打底厚度的增加而减少,随着色浆涂层厚度的增加而增大;此外,织物经过打底涂层后染色的表面颜色对另一面基本不产生影响。对于浅色、中色、深色涂层织物,粘合剂用量分别控制在6%、12%及20%时可以获得3级以上的干摩擦牢度和2-3级左右的湿摩擦牢度。 相似文献
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采用碳纳米管(CNT)/水性聚氨酯(WPU)导电油墨对蓬松多孔的涤纶拉伸变形丝进行浸渍涂层,制备了高导电碳纳米管/水性聚氨酯涂层导电纱线(CNT/WPU涂层导电纱线)。研究了不同WPU质量分数[ω(WPU)]的导电油墨和涂层次数对导电纱线导电性能的影响。结果表明,当CNT/WPU导电油墨中ω(WPU)为2%时,CNT/WPU涂层导电纱线的电导率可达2 000 S/m。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察发现,WPU能够有效改善碳纳米管与纱线表面的界面结合性能,在纱线内部和表面形成均匀连续的导电通路。 相似文献
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通过制备厚度相同(0.018cm)、膜内孔径结构较为理想的水性聚氨酯(PU)树脂与溶剂型PU树脂涂层,并在成膜机理、孔隙率、耐水解性能、力学性能、透湿性等方面进行对比。溶剂型聚氨酯膜的孔隙率为7.24%,而水性聚氨酯膜的孔隙率达到了40%;溶剂型聚氨酯膜耐水解性能强于水性聚氨酯膜。溶剂型聚氨酯膜的透湿率为1 931.46g/m~2·24h,而水性聚氨酯膜的透湿率为4 119.00g/m~2·24h,水性聚氨酯膜的透湿率为溶剂型聚氨酯的2.13倍。溶剂型聚氨酯膜断裂强力可达到9.44N,断裂伸长率达到523.77%,水性聚氨酯膜断裂强力达到7.94N,断裂伸长率达到544.80%。 相似文献
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水性聚氨酯(PU)乳液干燥后,表面膜层连续致密,对油墨的吸收能力差,影响油墨的干燥和色彩还原。为了提高PU膜层对油墨的吸收,通过加入纳米氧化铝粉体砂磨,得到了浆料,在支持体上涂布得到了PU吸墨涂层。研究了不同纳米粉体含量对涂层透光率及色块实地密度的影响,不同软、硬段PU对图像分辨率和耐水性的影响。实验发现,涂层的透光率随着纳米粉体的增加而降低;用硬段PU得到的涂层,墨滴扩散小,图像的分辨率比软段PU的高,而且硬段涂层上油墨的实地密度较高。同时,印刷色块在硬段PU的涂层上有更好的耐水性能。 相似文献
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为制备可持续释放,缓释时间较长的载药复合织物,采用界面聚合法,以聚乙烯醇为壁材,中药老鹳草水提取物为芯材制备得到老鹳草微胶囊。以水性聚氨酯为黏合剂,通过干法涂层将老鹳草微胶囊整理到纯棉针织物上制备得到复合织物。采用扫描电子显微镜、热重分析仪、紫外可见光谱等对老鹳草微胶囊及复合织物的形貌、耐热性、缓释性进行测试与表征。结果表明:老鹳草微胶囊表面光滑,平均粒径为23.9μm,载药率为33.0%,在325℃以下具有较好的热稳定性;制备的老鹳草微胶囊具有缓释性能,其释放遵循非菲克扩散规律,在缓冲溶液中可持续释放24 h以上;复合织物中药物释放遵循同样的规律,在缓冲液中的释放时间有所延长。 相似文献
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帘子线被广泛应用于橡胶增强复合材料的骨架材料,为提高涤纶帘子线与橡胶的粘结强度,通常采用RFL(间苯二酚—甲醛—胶乳)对帘子线表面进行预处理。涤纶帘子线由于表面活性低等原因,传统的RFL浸胶液不能使涤纶帘子线与橡胶形成很高的粘结强度。采用水溶性的环氧树脂与不同的交联剂对涤纶帘子线进行预处理,然后用标准的RFL来处理,用H抽出来表征涤纶帘子线与橡胶粘结强度的优劣,以及随温度变化粘结强度的变化,研究了粘合剂对涤纶帘子线所起的化学作用以及对粘合界面形貌的影响;并且对尼龙与涤纶帘子线与橡胶粘合的一些性能进行了对比。 相似文献
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为制备导电涂层织物,采用研磨分散法制备导电炭黑,研究了导电炭黑的用量、导电炭黑的粒径、涂层次数、黏合剂用量、焙烘时间以及温度对导电涤纶涂层织物性能的影响。对涤纶涂层织物的表面电阻、耐水洗牢度、耐摩擦牢度、断裂强力和断裂伸长率等性能进行测试。结果表明:当涂层胶中导电炭黑含量为 15%,导电炭黑粒径为 200nm,涂覆次数为 4 次,黏合剂相对导电炭黑分散体质量分数为40%,焙烘温度为150℃,焙烘时间为 3 min时制备的导电涤纶涂层织物的表面电阻最小, 导电涤纶涂层织物的干摩擦、水洗牢度均可达到 5 级,水洗后涤纶涂层织物的表面电阻变大。 相似文献
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Cotton fabric was coated with aqueous dispersion containing blend of natural rubber latex (NRL), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and starch following a knife-over-roll technique to produce moisture vapour permeable waterproof coating. Coating of cotton with a formulation containing NRL, 15% aqueous PVA and tamarind kernel seed powder as starch, in the ratio of 1:3: 0.3 in presence of a typical sulphur curing system, followed by drying of the coated fabric at 95 °C for 5 min and subsequent vulcanization at 120 °C for 2 h produced most balanced improvements in the properties of the coated fabric such as, waterproofness, breathability as revealed by moisture vapour transmission rate, coating adhesion, tensile properties, abrasion resistance and flex endurance. Incorporation of PVA makes the coating permeable to moisture vapour and such property is promoted further in presence of starch in the coating formulation. Examination of surface morphology of vulcanized coating by scanning electron microscopy revealed that poly vinyl alcohol crystals formed clusters of dimensions of only few microns in the rubber matrix. Such clusters of PVA served as conduits for transportation of moisture vapour through the film of NRL while acting as an effective barrier to liquid water droplets. 相似文献
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Polyurethane (PU) coating became popular in the last decades to achieve water resistance garment fabrics with enhanced visual properties. But reduced breathability of coated fabric is a setback for clothing industry. This paper represents a facile method of enhancing breathability (air and water vapor permeability) of PU coated fabrics which may be so-called micro-cracking in relevant solvent bath differed in solvent bath, concentration, and duration time. The samples were subjected to air permeability, water vapor permeability, water resistance, and tensile strength measurements and the results were also statistically analyzed. The study showed that the proposed process increased water vapor and air permeability of coated but the permeability values were still significantly lower than that of uncoated sample. This result is also verified through water resistance measurements and; tensile strength of the samples were affected at minimum after micro-cracking. 相似文献
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The permeation parameters of conventional PET films, films coated with SiOx and SiOx-coated films laminated to LDPE were determined for ethyl acetate using the permeation cell/gas chromatography method. Permeation to O2 and water vapour was also determined to monitor overall changes in the barrier properties of the experimental films. Coating of the PET film was achieved by a 'directed evaporation' method that increased the yield of the coating process from 30-35 to > 70%. It was shown that the SiOx coating increased the film barrier to ethyl acetate by approximately 20-30 times. Permeation values showed low reproducibility, indicating the need for further development and standardization of the 'directed evaporation' web-coating process. The barrier to oxygen and water vapour increased by 20-25 and 12-14 times respectively after coating. The web-coating speed did not seem to influence the barrier properties of the films. Permeation coefficients, diffusion coefficients and solubility coefficients were calculated for all samples. 相似文献
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聚乙烯醇基涂膜保鲜包装材料制备及对成膜效能特性的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为研究开发传统蛋制品新型保鲜包装材料,用聚乙烯醇(PVA)、硬脂酸等通过化学交联制备复合涂膜保鲜包装材料,研究其制备工艺条件对成膜效能特性的影响。结果表明:以体积分数为0.4%(相对于溶解PVA 的100mL 水为基质来计算)的戊二醛作交联剂制成的PVA- 硬脂酸复合涂膜保鲜材料成膜后的透水率(WVTR)为22.3g/(m2·24h),比PVA- 硬脂酸二元共混膜阻水性提高2.5 倍左右;交联时间越长、成膜干燥温度越低,其阻水性和耐水性提高越明显(P < 0.05),成膜的抗菌性随戊二醛体积分数的增加而显著增强(P < 0.05)。聚乙烯醇基涂膜保鲜材料制备及成膜优化工艺条件为:聚乙烯醇质量浓度5g/100mL,硬脂酸质量浓度5g/100mL(95%乙醇)(以上两种溶液体积比为10:4),戊二醛体积分数0.4%,交联反应时间45min,pH6.2,成膜干燥温度55℃,成膜干燥时间6h。 相似文献