基于穿着状态的静脉曲张压力袜压力分布研究

选取6只规格相同、经腿模测试压力与压力分布合格而且各项指标符合我国标准规定的中筒压力袜作为试验样品,进行人体穿着试验,选取人体小腿部位4个围度为测试部位,测试人体日常状态穿着压力袜时测试部位站姿、坐姿、卧姿时的压力分布,以及踏步、踮脚、转动脚踝时的压力分布。结果表明,静态站姿时压力袜对人体施加的压力分布规律与腿模测试结果一致,符合人体需求,而静态坐姿、卧姿以及人体的日常活动都会引起压力分布规律的变化,使压力袜施加在人体腿部的实际压力与压力分布不再呈现自下向上递减的规律,不符合人体需求。     

不同姿势下压力袜压力分布研究

选取6只中筒压力袜作为试验样品进行人体穿着试验,选取人体腿部的踝部最小周长处、腓肠肌止点、小腿最大周长处、胫骨节下端4个围度为测试部位,分别测试每个围度外侧在站姿、坐姿和躺姿3种状态下的压力。并对比分析不同姿态下各部位的压力分布规律,得出站姿是穿着中筒压力袜较好的姿势,为压力袜产品的应用以及应用过程中压力的控制提供参考。     

不同腿型穿着医用压力袜的压力分布研究

选取符合压力分布标准的6只中筒压力袜进行真人穿着试验，探讨不同腿型（正常腿、O形腿和X形腿）穿着压力袜站姿时的压力分布情况，根据标准规定选取腿部踝部最小周长处、腓肠肌止点、小腿周长最大处、胫骨节下端4个围度的内侧和后侧8个点进行测量。研究表明，正常腿型的压力分布符合沿腿部自下而上逐渐递减的规律，X腿型和O腿型穿着压力袜时对腿部施加的压力均不呈现自下而上逐渐递减规律，不符合人体需求，该研究为压力袜的开发提供一定的参考依据。     

压力袜穿着过程压力分布规律研究

以中筒压力袜为试验样品进行真人穿着实验,测试了人体小腿部位12个测试点在标准站姿时静态下的压力分布规律,以及原地踏步、提踵、踝泵3种动作下测试点的压力分布规律。分析了人体运动对压力袜压力分布以及压力稳定性的影响,并结合压力袜的压力分布规律分析了压力袜产品的设计开发原则,指出静态和动态条件下压力袜的压力和压力分布存在差异,该研究可为压力袜的设计开发提供指导。     

脚踝-压力袜的三维接触压力有限元建模

为了模拟压力袜对不同围度脚踝所施加的确切压力分布，提出一种基于有限元软件构建的脚踝-压力袜仿真模型，模拟压力袜在穿着时对不同围度的人体脚踝施加的压力值。通过三维人体扫描获取脚踝初始形态尺寸，建立脚踝-压力袜几何模型。通过材料密度、弹性模量和泊松比建立Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级压力袜及脚踝的材料模型。运用有限元软件进行网格划分，建立医疗袜与腿部接触受力仿真模型。由仿真结果得到脚踝正前、后两点模拟压力值。结果表明：脚踝前部处所受压力值始终大于后部；穿着不同等级压力袜时，压力随压力袜等级的增加而增加；穿着相同等级压力袜时，脚踝所受的压力值随脚踝周长增长而增加，呈线性规律分布；经实测对比，实验验证所建立的有限元模型是合理且有效的。     

基于三维扫描的医疗袜压力分布预测模型研究

基于三维人体扫描获取的人体表面点云数据和拉普拉斯方程,建立医疗袜与腿部接触的服装压分布理论预测模型。选择常用的Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级医疗压力袜以及3名在校大学生进行试穿,按照建立的理论模型计算压力袜和腿部接触的压力分布,并采用AMI3037型接触式气囊压力测量系统测试受试者穿着医疗袜时的实际接触压力,验证预测模型的实用性。结果表明,理论值和实测值基本一致,在一定程度上表明基于非接触式三维人体扫描的医疗袜压力分布预测方法可行。     

男短袜袜口压力的有限元研究

人体与服装之间的压力研究是服装优化设计的关键.通过三维人体扫描仪对人体内侧脚踝点水平向上6 cm处腿部形态进行扫描,并运用有限元模拟男短袜袜口对腿部施压后压力与位移的关系.研究中,人体视为弹性体.腿部与袜口之间的接触视为弹性接触,通过有限元分析及曲线拟合,可得到压力与位移间的函数关系,同时按照角度将腿截面等分为4个区域...     

基于人体需求的压力袜压力与压力分布及其产品开发

采用人体穿着试验方法对常规压力袜的压力与压力分布进行测试,结果显示,人体姿势和日常运动状态都会影响压力袜的压力与压力分布,依据国内现行相关标准检测合格的常规压力袜产品,在人体穿着试验中其压力与压力分布会发生变化,不再呈现自踝部至膝盖逐渐递减的压力分布,不能满足人体需求。根据常规压力袜的人体穿着试验结果,重新设计压力袜工艺参数,制成改良压力袜并进行人体穿着试验,结果表明,其能够较好地满足人体需求,所施加的压力呈现自踝部至膝盖逐渐递减的分布。     

压力袜对人体下肢血流影响的研究

压力袜是缓解、治疗下肢静脉疾病简便有效的一种医用纺织品,其穿着安全性和有效性受到广泛关注。文章选择年轻女性作为研究对象,使用超声多普勒血流探测仪测量其穿着不同等级压力袜时下肢远端皮肤血流速度的变化,探讨了在穿着不同压力等级压力袜和在不同穿着时间情况下,压力袜对人体下肢远端足背处血流的影响。研究表明,压力袜的穿着对人体下肢远端血流速度有较为明显的抑制作用,并且随着压力等级的增高,下肢足背处血流速度降低率变小。同时,长时间穿着压力等级较小的压力袜,对人体下肢远端血流的抑制效果与短时间穿着压力等级较高的压力袜的效果接近。     

跑步运动压缩裤压力预测模型的建立

为实现跑步运动压缩裤量身定制的压力精确性,选定4种不同直径的刚性圆筒状压力预测模型,测试28块圆筒试样在不同拉伸率和不同曲率下的压力值,建立压力预测模型,并利用三维人体扫描试验,对不同胖瘦程度的受试者穿着跑步运动压缩裤前后的腿部围度数据与截面形状进行采集与提取,分析影响压力预测模型的因素。结果表明:当面料拉伸率在0%～60%时,服装压力与拉伸率、曲率呈正相关关系,并得到了线性回归方程;圆筒状压力预测模型可对除脚踝外的其他腿部压力进行预测;脂肪含量相同时,压力值越大则产生的压缩变形越大;压力值相同时,脂肪含量越多的部位产生的变形越大。     

Dynamic simulation on the area shrinkage of lower leg for the top part of men’s socks using finite element method

Socks are one of the most important clothes in people’s daily life. This study aimed at the problems existing in the wearing of socks, took the top part of men’s socks as research object, and the contact between human body and socks as elastic contact. The position and shape of skin, soft tissue, and bones in lower leg cross section were acquired through non-contact three-dimensional human scanning and CT scan. Based on these, finite element model of the lower leg cross-section and top part of socks were established for the first time, respectively. Because wearing socks is a continuous process, consequently, we defined the maximum time putting on the sample socks as 12?h in this research work, and then divided the periods of dressing time into six stages, which were instantaneous, 1?h, 2?h, 4?h, 8?h, and 12?h, respectively. After simulating the distribution of pressure and displacement of the top part of socks in dressing using ANSYS software, we divided the lower leg cross section into 12 equal regions according to angle considering the displacement distribution, and then obtained the area shrinkage of each region in six periods of times by calculation. According to the tendency of area shrinkage distribution, the top part of men’s sock could be designed with a different degree of elasticity in diverse regions combined with subjective pressure comfort during the course of sock design. All these solutions are of great significance to the optimization design of socks and can provide theoretical basis for the structural improvement of functional socks and the prediction of clothing pressure.     

Finite element simulation of pressure,displacement, and area shrinkage mass of lower leg with time for the top part of men’s socks

This paper reports a study of pressure, displacement, and area shrinkage mass distribution with time between the human body and compression garment using finite element method according to ergonomics. After creating the function between pressure/displacement ratios and angle, it indicated that multiple relationship between pressure and displacement almost unaffected by wearing time. The corresponding displacement value can be calculated on the premise of the known pressure value at any point and any time during the wearing process by functional equation. Considering displacement distribution, we divided the lower leg into 12 equal regions according to angle, and then calculated area shrinkage mass of each region. According to area shrinkage mass distribution, the top part of men’s sock could be designed with different degree of tightness combined with subjective pressure comfort. All these solutions supplied a theoretical reference for optimal design of the top part of men’s sock.     

Dynamic analysis on the functional relationship of pressure,displacement and angle for the top part of men's socks using FEM

The inward displacement perpendicular to the body surface produced by external pressure is an important index to evaluate the pressure comfort and optimal design of apparel products. In this paper, we studied on the functional relationship of pressure, displacement and angle when the body was in dynamic state after dressing. The dynamic pressure was divided into two parts: pressure with time (instantaneous, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12?h) and pressure with movement (walking which described as upright position, leg lift 10°, leg lift 30° and foot backward off the ground). The displacement of each point on the lower leg cross section in four stages of walking process and six periods of time were simulated by ANSYS finite element software. After fitting, the functional curves between pressure/displacement ratio and the angle were obtained. By comparing, we found out that all the curves were presented nearly complete uniform curving form no matter what state of the human body was in. That is, when the human body was under clothing pressure, the corresponding displacement value on the body surface can be calculated on the premise of the known pressure value at any point of lower leg cross section during the wearing process by functional equation. All these solutions supplied a theoretical reference for optimal design of the top part of men’s socks.     

基于袜口材料弹性势能预测袜口处平均压强的方法

为了获得袜口处平均压强的预测方法,建立袜口处压强的预测模型,通过分析袜口处压强平均值与袜口材料的弹性势能以及袜口处腿部截面形状的相互关系,从理论上阐述了袜口处压强的产生机理,并利用SPSS软件对以上三者之间的关系进行分析,最后采用非线性回归的方法建立了袜口处压强的预测数学模型。该模型的建立将简化袜口处压强计算的方法,并为精确预测袜口处压强分布提供理论基础。     

男短袜袜口处标准腿截面曲线研究

 袜口处标准腿截面曲线形态是研究袜口压力舒适性的前提和基础,也是袜口优化设计的关键。文章通过三维人体扫描仪对人体内侧脚踝点水平向上6cm处腿部形态进行扫描,应用Matlab软件将腿截面曲线按照直角坐标系每5°为一点等分为72个点,并在此基础上定义点坐标值,将所得的所有腿截面曲线 和 分别取平均值,得到袜口处标准腿截面曲线72点坐标。运用SPSS曲线拟合得到袜口处腿截面曲线的二次方程,曲线方程的建立为袜口处压力数学模型的构建提供了基础数据。文章还对袜口处标准腿截面曲线周长进行了求解,这一结论为男短袜原始袜口围度的改良设计以及袜口面料弹性伸长率的选取提供了理论参考。     

男短袜袜口压力与位移的动态有限元研究

动态服装压是研究服装压力舒适性以及服装优化设计的关键.以男短袜袜口为研究对象,将动态压力分为2个部分,分别为随时间变化的压力以及人体在行走过程中的压力.其中随时间变化的压力设定了12 h的时长,通过测量不同时间段穿着短袜后的袜口压力,运用有限元软件进行模拟分析,探讨了袜口处压力及位移随时间的变化趋势.将人体的行走过程划...     

医疗袜用弹力管状针织物的开发与性能测试

为解决医疗袜穿着适配性存在的局部截面压力不均匀问题,编织3种弹力管状针织物,每种织物选用3种规格衬垫纱线,针对脚踝、小腿、大腿3个不同部位进行袜机参数的4因素3水平L₉(3⁴)的正交试验设计;对织物进行截面周长、织物克质量、密度、厚度及接触压力测试。研究发现,同一织物,在相同测试部位,压力值随腿模型号增大而变大;不同衬垫纱织物,衬垫纱越粗,压力值越大;袜机编织参数相同,围度上由两种组织编织的弹力管状织物的压力值大于单一组织的织物。     

Interface pressure generated by knitted fabrics of different direction,composition and number of layers in sport compression garments

The present study aimed to determine the effect of fabric direction, fabric composition and number of fabric layers on pressure generated by sport compression garments. Experimental fabric used in commercially available compression sport garments was chosen. Experimental fabric sleeves imitating a part of a pressure garment were assembled and placed on cylinders of different diameters, so that they provided different fabric direction, fabric composition of sleeve and number of layers in assemblies along the circumference of the cylinders. A Salzmann MST MK IV pressure-measuring device and Salzmann MST 2007 software were used to measure the interface pressure generated by the sleeves. It was established that different direction, fabric composition of sleeve and number of fabric layers in fabric assemblies influences the interface pressure.