硅灰-粉煤灰-废石粉对透水混凝土性能的影响

采用硅灰、粉煤灰、废石粉单掺及三元复合等质量代替部分水泥, 研究其对透水混凝土力学性能、透水系数及砂浆流动性的影响。结果表明: 随着硅灰掺量增加, 砂浆流动度先增加后减小, 透水混凝土强度逐渐增大, 透水系数先减小后增大, 当硅灰掺量超过6%时, 强度不再增加, 透水系数增大, 砂浆流动度 下降; 随着粉煤灰掺量的增加, 砂浆流动度不断增加, 透水混凝土强度与透水系数不断降低, 单掺粉煤灰时, 掺量不宜超过10%; 随着废石粉掺量的增加, 透水混凝土的抗压强度先增加后减少, 透水系数一直减小, 在掺量为 15%时强度最高。硅灰-粉煤灰-废石粉三元复合体系中, 掺6%硅灰、10%粉煤灰、10%废石粉的透水混凝土, 砂浆流动度为162mm, 28d 强度达到38. 4 MPa, 透水系数达到 4. 4 mm/ s。SEM 分析发现, 三元复合体系主要水化产物有水化硅酸钙凝胶和板状氢氧化钙, 还有少量针状钙矾石, 各水化产物之间连接较好, 浆体密实,水化产物发育较好, 浆体水化较完全。     

银杏全果粉的流变特性研究

以银杏全果粉为原料,研究其在不同加工条件如加热、剪切速度、pH值、蔗糖浓度、盐浓度等影响下的流变特性.结果表明:银杏全果粉溶液粘度随加热时间的延长而增大,加热60min达最大值;其粘度随浓度的增加和温度的降低而增大,随着剪切速率的增加而减小;pH值、盐浓度对其粘度也有很大影响.     

不同岩性石粉对于水泥复合浆体流变性的影响

采用R/S SST2000型粘滞系数测试仪测定不同掺量下的花岗岩、玄武岩、石灰岩石粉对于水泥-粉煤灰(Cement-Fly ash,用C-F表示)复合浆体流变性能的影响,并使用赫-巴流变模型进行拟合,得到赫-巴切动力与塑性粘度等参数。结果表明:随着石粉掺量的增加,C-F复合浆体的动切力与塑性粘度都增大,其中花岗岩石粉体系与玄武岩石粉体系最大掺量下的动切力较空白组增大了147%与135%,石灰岩石粉体系的动切力增长较小,仅增大20%,表明石灰岩石粉体系有较好的初始流动性。石灰岩体系塑性粘度在石粉掺量为15%时增加了218%,花岗岩与玄武岩则增大了82%与155%,但石灰岩体系在掺量达到9%后塑性粘度增长速率缓慢,且剪切稀释效应较强,塑性粘度增加变小,因此,石灰岩更适合作为机制砂母岩。     

粉煤灰掺量对相同浆体体积比砂浆性能的影响

为了研究粉煤灰掺量对砂浆性能的影响,采用相同浆体体积比,分别以0%、10%、20%和30%的粉煤灰掺量配制砂浆,进行强度和碳化深度对比试验。结果表明,当水胶比一定时,随粉煤灰掺量的增加,砂浆的流动性不会明显降低;早期掺粉煤灰的水泥砂浆的强度会随着粉煤灰掺量的增加而降低,但其后期强度随着龄期的增长会逐渐提高并超过未掺粉煤灰的砂浆的强度;随着粉煤灰掺入量的增加,水胶比的增大以及暴露时间的增长,砂浆的碳化深度呈逐渐增加的趋势。     

TPS高粘改性沥青胶浆高温流变特性研究

采用动态剪切流变仪和布氏旋转粘度计,对不同粉胶比下的TPS高粘改性沥青胶浆流变特性进行研究,分析了粉胶比和试验温度对相位角、复数剪切模量、车辙因子、疲劳因子以及布氏粘度的影响.试验结果表明:在各粉胶比下沥青胶浆的复数剪切模量、车辙因子和疲劳因子都随温度的升高而减小;温度一定时,随粉胶比的增大,车辙因子显著增大,疲劳因子逐渐减小,当粉胶比大于1.4时,车辙因子的增长幅度明显减小;当粉胶比小于1.2时,粘度随温度的增长速率较小,粉胶比大于1.2时粘度随温度升高急剧增大,沥青胶浆的感温性随温度升高而增大.综合各指标来看,粉胶比在1.2~1.4之间时,TPS高粘改性沥青胶浆流变性能优越.     

低活性矿渣内养护水泥砂浆自收缩与电阻率的关系

以预吸水低活性矿渣替代细集料作为内养护材料,研究低活性矿渣内养护砂浆自收缩与电阻率的变化规律,揭示两者的关系。结果表明：随着低活性矿渣掺量的增加,砂浆早期强度降低幅度大,随着龄期的延长,砂浆中后期强度降低幅度小于早期,建议低活性矿渣的合适掺量取为细集料质量的15%~25%;低活性矿渣内养护对砂浆电阻率发展影响明显,凝结硬化前,浆体电阻率随低活性矿渣掺量的增大而增大;凝结硬化后,浆体电阻率随低活性矿渣掺量的增大而减小;低活性矿渣内养护能有效抑制浆体各阶段的自收缩,尤其在快速收缩阶段和短暂膨胀阶段作用最为明显,同时,36 h龄期后电阻率与自收缩有很好的对应关系,可通过电阻率发展趋势预测自收缩的变化情况。     

水胶比和硅灰掺量对灌浆水泥浆体流变性的影响

为了研究水胶比和硅灰掺量对改性超细灌浆水泥浆体流变特性的影响,采用旋转粘度计和马氏漏斗粘度计法对不同水胶比(0.6,0.7,0.8,1.0,1.5和2.0)的新拌水泥浆体进行流变性能试验研究,其中硅灰掺量分别为0%,3%,5%,7%和10%.结果表明,新拌水泥浆体的塑性黏度和屈服应力随着水胶比的增大而减小;掺有硅灰的改性超细灌浆水泥在水胶比大于1.5时,流变性能变化不大,反之则变化较大;硅灰的掺量对改性超细灌浆水泥浆体的流变性影响较大,随着掺量增加浆体流动性变差,但在水胶比为1.0左右时,存在最优掺量,约5%.通过将马氏试验中时间指标转化为流速指标,可以有效拓展高黏度浆体的流变性能测试.     

外加剂对水泥基自流平砂浆性能的影响

研究缓凝剂和碱激发剂掺量与种类对自流平砂浆流动度、强度的影响,通过XRD与SEM表征水化产物与微观形貌。研究表明:随着缓凝剂掺量的增加,自流平砂浆的流动度增加,强度先增大后减小;随着碱掺量的增加,自流平砂浆的流动度先减小后增加,强度先增大后减小;砂浆早期水化产物主要为AFt和C_3A·3C■H_(32),后期水化产物为C-S-H凝胶,适当的掺入缓凝剂与碱,使得自流平砂浆结构愈加密实。     

减水剂下废石全尾砂充填料浆管输阻力计算模型

为优化废石全尾砂胶结充填料浆的流动特性,本文开展了掺有不同水平梯度聚羧酸减水剂的废石全尾砂充填料浆流变实验.研究结果表明:减水剂掺量为0时,料浆的屈服应力随废尾比的增大呈先减小后增大的趋势,料浆的屈服应力随质量浓度的增大而增大.当减水剂掺量为0.1％～0.5％递增时,减水剂大分子之间的物理堆叠作用使屈服应力的最优表征为...     

粉煤灰掺量对相同浆体体积比砂浆性能的影响

为了研究粉煤灰掺量对砂浆性能的影响,采用相同浆体体积比,分别以0％、10％、20％和30％的粉煤灰掺量配制砂浆,进行强度和碳化深度对比试验.结果表明,当水胶比一定时,随粉煤灰掺量的增加,砂浆的流动性不会明显降低;早期掺粉煤灰的水泥砂浆的强度会随着粉煤灰掺量的增加而降低,但其后期强度随着龄期的增长会逐渐提高并超过未掺粉煤...     

Damage evolution and dynamic response of cement asphalt mortar layer of slab track under vehicle dynamic load

The damage evolution and dynamic performance of a cement asphalt (CA) mortar layer of slab track subjected to vehicle dynamic load is investigated in this paper. Initially, a statistical damage constitutive model for the CA mortar layer is developed using continuous damage mechanics and probability theory. In this model, the strength of the CA mortar elements is treated as a random variable, which follows the Weibull distribution. The inclusion of strain rate dependence affords considering its influence on the damage development and the transition between viscosity and elasticity. Comparisons with experimental data support the reliability of the model. A three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of a slab track is then created with the commercial software ABAQUS, where the devised model for the CA mortar is implemented as a user-defined material subroutine. Finally, a vertical vehicle model is coupled with the FE model of the slab track, through the wheel-rail contact forces, based on the nonlinear Hertzian contact theory. The evolution of the damage and of the dynamic performance of the CA mortar layer with various initial damage is investigated under the train and track interaction. The analysis indicates that the proposed model is capable of predicting the damage evolution of the CA mortar layer exposed to vehicle dynamic load. The dynamic compressive strain, the strain rate, and the induced damage increase significantly with an increase in the initial damage, whereas the dynamic compressive stress exhibits a sharp decrease with the increasing initial damage. Also, it is found that the strain rate dependence significantly influences the damage evolution and the dynamic behavior of the CA mortar layer.     

Compressive strength development and microstructure of cement-asphalt mortar

The compressive strength developing process and the microstructure of cement-asphalt mortar (CA mortar) were investigated. The fluidity of CA mortar has a great influence on its strength. The optimum value of spread diameter of slump flow test is in the range of 300 to 400 mm. The compressive strength of CA mortar keeps a relatively high growth rate in 56 days and grows slowly afterwards. The residual water of hydration in CA mortar freezes under minus environmental temperature which can lead to a significant reduction of the strength of CA mortar. Increasing A/C retards asphalt emulsion splitting and thus prolongs the setting process of CA mortar. The hydration products of cement form the major structural framework of hardened CA mortar and asphalt is a weak phase in the framework but improves the viscoelastic behavior of CA mortar. Therefore, asphalt emulsion should be used as much as possible on the condition that essential performance criterions of CA mortar are satisfied.     

加载速率对CA砂浆抗压强度的影响

CA砂浆中沥青的大量存在使得其力学性能具有较强的时间依赖性.首先研究了CA砂浆抗压强度在不同加载速率下的变化规律及沥青乳液与水泥的相对质量比、砂的细度模数与外掺料硅灰(SF)和橡胶粉(CR)对CA砂浆抗压强度时间依赖性的影响.结果表明:CA砂浆的抗压强度随加载速率的升高呈增加趋势,沥青的相对含量越低,增加趋势越明显;砂的细度模数越小,CA砂浆的抗压强度对加载速率的稳定性越好,但同时会导致CA砂浆的流动性损失过大.SF和CR对CA砂浆表现出的时间依赖性有不同程度的改善作用.同时提出了沥青在CA砂浆中的理想分布模型,对其力学性能的时间依赖性进行了解释.     

沥青路面纵缝深度灌缝方法及施工工艺

提出了沥青路面纵缝深度灌缝的方法及工艺,以彻底根治纵向裂缝.首先研究了满足深度灌缝要求的水泥砂浆配合比,其次通过试验路的现场灌缝工艺研究,确定了包括灌缝时机选择、裂缝预处理、钻芯布孔、埋置封堵管、灌浆和养生等关键环节的工艺流程.试验结果表明:配制的水泥砂浆具有很高的流动性和早期强度,灌缝方法可以将砂浆灌入裂缝处路面的基...     

CA砂浆强度影响因素及强度机理研究

为制得满足高速铁路建设的CA砂浆,制备了不同配比的CA砂浆,通过考查CA砂浆的强度并利用扫描电子显微镜观测微观结构,研究砂的级配、砂灰比、乳化沥青与水泥比等因素对CA砂浆固化体不同龄期强度的影响．研究表明：选择粒径为0．15—0．3mm与0．3—0．6mm的组合砂能有效地降低高强型CA砂浆材料的分离度,而对CA砂浆28...     

The Competitive Adsorption Characteristics of Welan Gum and Superplasticizer in Cement Mortar

Welan gum has been widely used in oil cement and grouting materials for its excellent rheological properties and anti-bleeding,and most of all,being friendly to the environment.However,when welan gum was added,the fluidity of mortar decreased sharply,so it should be used together with a superplasticizer to enable good workability.With its powerful charge density in the molecular structure,the competitive adsorption between welan gum and other admixtures happened remarkably during the addition process.Consequently,we experimentally studied on the bleeding rate and rheological properties of cement slurry,fluidity and mechanical properties of mortar with welan gum mixed with superplasticizer,aiming at understanding the competitive adsorption phenomenon by application of welan gum mixed with superplasticizer.By measuring the hydration heat and zeta potential,the mechanism of interaction of welan gum with superplasticizer was deduced and explained.The results showed that it could ensure a good dispersion effect when welan gum is mixed with the two kinds of superplasticizer.Welan gum had little impact on the naphthalene superplasticizer,but did have a substantial influence on polycarboxylate.In practice,adding welan gum after PCE acted with cement for 2 min could effectively avoid the competitive adsorption and then achieve better performance.On this viewpoint for mortar with PCE,new delay release welan gum needs further research and development.     

水泥与消石灰对沥青胶浆性能影响研究

研究掺加水泥和消石灰对沥青胶浆性能的影响.通过测试不同替换量下掺加水泥和消石灰时沥青胶浆的高温、低温性能和施工性能,发现掺加水泥后胶浆的软化点增加,黏度降低,低温性能得到改善.但是替换量超过60%时,胶浆延度改善幅度降低,因而水泥替换量不宜超过60%;当掺加消石灰时沥青胶浆软化点和黏度显著增大,BBR试验显示低温抗裂性能劣化,但是替换量不超过20%时,对低温性能影响较小.     

Effect of Waterborne Epoxy on Performances of Cement Asphalt Mortar

The waterborne epoxy modified cement asphalt mortars were prepared with varying content waterborne epoxy and a constant fluidity. The effects of waterborne epoxy emulsion on water/cement ratio,compressive and flexural strength,tensile bond strength,freezing and thawing damage,corrosion resistance of cement asphalt mortar cured for 7 and 28 d have been investigated. The results show that waterborne epoxy is very beneficial to the improvement of mechianical properties and durability of cement asphalt mortar. Waterborne epoxy can improve the flowing ability of cement asphalt mortar. With the increasing of waterborne epoxy content,compressive strength,flexural strength and bond strength all have increased obviously. The modified mortar shows higher resistance to corrosion and the freezing and thawing compared with control mortar.     

Effect of strain rate and water-to-cement ratio on compressive mechanical behavior of cement mortar

Effects of strain rate and water-to-cement ratio on the dynamic compressive mechanical behavior of cement mortar are investigated by split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) tests. 124 specimens are subjected to dynamic uniaxial compressive loadings.Strain rate sensitivity of the materials is measured in terms of failure modes, stress-strain curves, compressive strength, dynamic increase factor(DIF) and critical strain at peak stress. A significant change in the stress-strain response of the materials with each order of magnitude increase in strain rate is clearly seen from test results. The slope of the stress-strain curve after peak value for low water-to-cement ratio is steeper than that of high water-to-cement ratio mortar. The compressive strength increases with increasing strain rate. With increase in strain rate, the dynamic increase factor(DIF) increases. However, this increase in DIF with increase in strain rate does not appear to be a function of the water-to-cement ratio. The critical compressive strain increases with the strain rate.     

乳化沥青冷再生混合料中的复合胶浆性质

对乳化沥青冷再生混合料中的三种胶浆系统进行了研究,包括沥青+矿粉、乳化沥青残留物+矿粉和乳化沥青残留物+水泥。结果表明,因为水泥水化作用的存在,水泥⁃乳化沥青残留物胶浆表现出更高的模量增率效果;模量和相位角变化呈现与普通矿粉⁃沥青胶浆和矿粉⁃乳化沥青胶浆不同的特点,且不随粉胶比呈现线性单调的变化;胶浆界面黏结力与矿粉⁃沥青胶浆相当,并在低粉胶比范围内远高于单独利用矿粉的乳化沥青残留物胶浆。