北京奥运工程绿色施工示范项目——北京射击馆绿色建筑施工技术

北京射击馆工程建设过程中,通过对绿色建筑施工的策划、实施,减少了场地干扰,保护了周边环境,节约了大量资源,实现了工程质量、安全、文明、效益、环境综合目标;通过对人、机、料、法、环的控制,实现了环境与建筑的和谐,建筑与人的和谐,人与社会的和谐,取得了显著的经济和社会效益。     

国际玻璃钢发展呈2大趋势

世界建材工业相继发生了一系列重大的技术革命,极大地提高了劳动生产率和产品质量,扩大了生产规模,降低了产品热耗、能耗,有效控制了烟尘、粉尘、有害气体的排放,由此引发了世界建材工业快速发展,解决了全球对建材产品的巨大需求。在最近20年,世界建材工业新技术绝大部分是在上世纪几大创新技术的基础上开发或发展的,这些新技术包括降低热耗、提高自动化程度、扩大生产规模、利用废物、环境保护、产品深加工等方面。     

优美的环境 和谐的建筑——澳大利亚、新西兰城市建设管理经验和启示

为学习和借鉴澳大利亚、新西兰城市建设和管理的先进经验,近日我们一行对澳大利亚、新西兰城市建设和管理进行了考察,途经澳大利亚的悉尼、布里斯班、黄金海岸和首都堪培拉以及新西兰的奥克兰、罗托鲁阿、汉密尔顿等城市。通过考察,我们既充分领略了当地优美的自然风光和人文景观,又强烈感受到了不同价值文化的冲击,开阔了视野,拓宽了思路,更新了观念,看到了差距,学到了城市建设和管理方面的经验。     

香港印象--赴香港学习培训收获与体会

通过在香港一年的学习培训,了解了香港的社会、政治、经济、文化及市场运作,了解了香港建筑工程管理的特点,感受到香港人所表现出来的优良品质和拼搏奋斗意识、忧患意识、竞争意识、尊重人才的意识、创新意识;开阔了视野,更新了观念,增强了今后工作的信心。     

地板采暖的常见问题研讨

简要介绍了目前地板采暖的使用情况,列举了地板采暖的常见问题,分析了其发生的原因,提出了相应的解决方案,指出地板采暖具有舒适、高效、节能、热稳定性好、不占使用面积、运行费用低的特点.     

浅谈建筑的虚实及空间和时间

从空间相生、虚实相成的关系出发,引入了相对的存在体--建筑及雕塑,以音乐、光线、雕塑为例阐述了虚与实、空与间的关系,探讨了建筑如何用虚实、空间、有无来展现其特性,最后论述了有关时、空、间的随想.     

大面积混凝土金刚砂地坪监理控制要点

整体金刚砂地坪具有表面硬度高、密度大、耐磨、不生灰尘、不易剥离、经济、适用、范围广等优点。它摒弃了传统的混凝土基层与面层分开施工的做法,从而消除了因基层与面层结合不良而导致裂缝和空鼓的质量通病,简化了工序,缩短了施工周期,节约了人工费用,在工厂、仓库、跑道、码头等工程中得到越来越广泛的应用。     

长大干线桥渡方案选择

对沿线地质、自然、人文、环境进行了分析,从结构受力、经济、景观、施工方式等方面进行了论述,提出了长大干线桥式选择的比较方法,尤其对方案的可行性进行了研究,达到了预期的效果,解决了长大干线桥式选择的问题。     

市政道路施工中的常见问题及对策探究

从组织设计、施工工艺、施工管理、工程造价、建筑材料、施工工期、施工队伍七个方面入手,对市政道路施工中常见的问题进行了分析,并探讨了改善市政道路施工的有效对策,建立了系统化的管理手段,为市政道路顺利施工创造了条件。     

论水稳施工质量的保证

对水稳施工各环节进行了分析,从准备、流程、质量、养生方面进行了论述,提出质量保证方法,进行了配比、碾压方面的研究,达到了重视各环节的效果,解决了施工中忽视的问题。     

中间加劲复杂卷边槽钢纯弯构件弹性畸变屈曲应力计算方法研究

为了研究中间加劲复杂卷边槽钢纯弯构件弹性畸变屈曲应力简化计算方法,采用有限条分析软件CUFSM对不同参数的复杂卷边槽钢、∑形复杂卷边槽钢以及腹板V形加劲复杂卷边槽钢各70个构件的畸变屈曲应力进行数值分析.在此基础上,借鉴现有板件局部屈曲应力的表达方式,引入畸变屈曲系数,经拟合分析提出上述构件畸变屈曲应力的简化计算公式,并将复杂卷边槽钢和腹板V形加劲复杂卷边槽钢的公式进行合并,对公式的有效性进行验证.     

一稿多投及其治理对策

分析了一稿多投产生的原因：作者广种薄收的心理,作者急功近利的心理,编辑部门对稿件处理不及时,征稿简则规定不明确或无征稿简则等;提出了治理一稿多投的系列措施和对策,如在报刊上定期刊登约稿启事,编辑部门及时处理稿件,编辑部门之间加强联系等。     

城市规划毕业设计教学改革与实践

本文根据社会的发展和人才需求的变化,探索城市规划专业教学新模式,提出以高教改革为前提,以客观制约条件为基础,对毕业设计教学进行大胆改革和取舍,以期通过实践环节锻炼,培养关注社会的意识和发现问题、解决问题的能力,开展学生综合素质的锻炼,提高毕业生全面执业能力。     

设置角缝现浇钢筋混凝土框架节点楼板抗震性能研究

利用有限元软件ADINA对现浇钢筋混凝土框架节点做了拟静力分析。对普通梁柱节点及周围楼板设角缝节点的计算结果做了对比。结果表明,随着加载位移的增加,梁肋附近楼板钢筋应力有明显增加,说明楼板对梁的抗弯能力有增强的作用。在不影响节点承载力的条件下,楼板设角缝能局部削弱梁的抗弯能力,梁受力主筋屈服时间明显提前,梁筋屈服时柱身混凝土裂缝也有所减少,梁端与柱端塑性铰出现时间间隔加大,使节点在受到地震作用破坏时更接近梁铰机制的特点。     

Numerical study of the circular opening effect on mechanical behaviour of rock under confinement

Opening holes in rock including their size and distribution can affect the performance of rock-related structures. A good understanding on this will contribute to, for example, rock cavern design, and construction, tunnelling, and mining engineering. To improve the understanding, a comprehensive investigation of the opening hole effect on the rock mechanical behaviour under biaxial loading condition is carried out by virtue of a hybrid continuum-discrete element method. Laboratory specimens with both single hole and multi-hole of various radii are investigated and compared with the cases subjected to uniaxial compression. It is demonstrated that the confining pressure can increase both the stiffness and strength due to delaying the crack initiation and propagation. The increase due to the confining pressure is more evident for the compressive strength. For single hole specimens with 0.75 mm radius hole, the increase ratio of the compressive strength is a linear increasing function with width and the increase ratio ranges from 2.15 for the specimen with 3.5 mm width to 2.45 for 10 mm width. For the single hole specimen with 10 mm width, the increase ratio starts at 2.13 for the specimen with 0.75 mm radius hole, ascending to the peak of 2.37 for the specimen with 1 mm radius hole, followed by a decline to 2.2 for the specimen with 1.25 mm radius hole. However, for the multi-hole specimens, the increase ratio varies from 1.66 to 3.13. In addition, to verify the influence of confining pressure magnitude on the performance of the rock specimens, totalling 10 confining pressure levels are applied and modelled. The simulation results show that even though there are opening holes in the specimens, the simulated compressive strength generally follows the generalised Hoek-Brown model.     

The UWO contribution to the NIST aerodynamic database for wind loads on low buildings: Part 3. Internal pressures

Wind tunnel tests of generic low buildings have been conducted at the University of Western Ontario for contribution to the National Institute on Standards and Technology (NIST) aerodynamic database. Part 1 provided the archiving format and basic aerodynamic data. In Part 2, the data of external pressures were compared with existing wind load provisions for low buildings. This paper, Part 3, deals with an investigation of wind-induced internal pressures of low-rise buildings with realistic dominant opening and leakage scenarios. Data from one building model with four different opening sizes were compared with numerical simulations. The existing theory, using the unsteady orifice discharge equation, works well for the building models used in this study, given the external pressures near the openings, irrespective of shifts of wind direction and upstream terrain. Numerical simulations can capture the temporal variations of the internal pressure fluctuations, as well as mean values.The internal pressure fluctuations for the building with leakage (nominally sealed building) are attenuated as they pass through the openings, while mean values are consistent with spatially averaged external pressures. Internal pressure resonance occurs for the dominant opening (3.3% open ratio) with building leakage. Effects of oblique wind angles on internal pressure dynamics are not significant, at least for the openings in the centre of wall, as is the case herein. Peak internal pressures occur for a wind direction normal to the wall with a dominant opening. Measured internal pressure coefficients are compared with current wind load provisions. Some peak values were found to exceed the recommended design values for the dominant windward wall opening cases.     

大跨屋盖结构风洞试验模型的设计方法讨论

通过理论分析及风洞试验研究大跨屋盖结构风洞试验的模型设计问题。以气承刚度理论为主线阐述了内压传播方程及赫姆霍兹频率、四周封闭屋盖结构及墙面开孔屋盖结构的频移特性和气承刚度的相似性模拟准则,考虑了墙体柔度在理论分析中的关键作用。设计制作了大跨平屋盖刚性模型和气弹模型进行墙面开孔前后的风洞试验,试验结果与理论分析较为吻合。研究结果证明了气承刚度相似性模拟在大跨屋盖结构风洞试验中的基础性作用,并指出在模型设计中调整结构内部容积是模拟气承刚度最有效的措施,而保证刚度比的一致性则是试验成功的关键。     

浅谈扣件式钢管脚手架工程施工安全控制措施

针对扣件式钢管脚手架施工安全问题,结合具体案例分析了扣件式钢管脚手架伤亡事故原因,提出了扣件式脚手架施工安全控制措施并作了具体阐述,以期减少和避免结构施工中的安全事故。     

不同应变速率下非贯通裂隙介质的力学特性研究

针对地震、爆破等动力荷载作用下节理裂隙岩体的稳定性问题,采用含2条、3条闭合非贯通裂隙的类砂岩模型试样,对应变速率为1.7×10-5s-1、1.7×10-3s-1、1.7×10-1s-1条件下的含裂隙试样进行了单轴加载试验。结果表明:裂隙试样的变形与内部裂隙的贯通过程紧密相关,且呈现显著的局部化渐进破坏特征;随着应变速率的增加,裂隙试样应力-应变曲线斜率显著增加,裂隙试样与无裂隙试样弹模差别减小;不同应变速率下裂隙试样强度明显受控于裂隙的空间位置,且共面非贯通裂隙试样在倾角为35°左右时峰值强度呈现最低值,这与贯通裂隙试样在60°左右时强度出现最小值不同;不同应变速率下含3条预制裂隙试样破坏时的强度与预制裂隙间的贯通模式有关,且与发生相同贯通模式时的含2条预制裂隙试样峰值强度基本相同;裂隙试样峰值强度随应变速率的增加而增加,且含3条裂隙试样强度增幅较含2条裂隙试样、无裂隙试样明显,即随着应变速率的提高,含裂隙试样的弱化作用降低。     

A computational study of the interactions of three adjacent burning shrubs subjected to wind

A three-dimensional physics-based model was used to investigate the effect of shrub size, shrub separation distance and wind on the burnout times of shrubs. The shrub considered for this study was chamise. Two shrub sizes with different physical dimensions and initial masses with two wind speeds were considered. The study was performed for an array of three shrubs with separation distances ranging from zero to one shrub diameter. The shrubs were situated at the vertices of an equilateral triangle with two shrubs placed upwind (upstream shrubs) of the third shrub (downstream shrub). For a smaller shrub and a higher wind speed, the direction of fire front propagation within the shrub was found to be opposite to the direction of the wind, which resulted in a longer burning time for the shrub. For larger shrubs, a decrease in burning time was observed with an increase in wind speed. The burnout time for upstream shrubs increased with an increase in shrub separation distance for all shrub sizes and wind speeds considered. The burnout time for the downstream shrub was found to decrease with an increase in the separation distance, reach a minimum, and then increase with an increase in separation distance. The trends observed in burnout times for downstream shrub were attributed to the balance between heat feedback into the downstream shrub from the flames in upstream shrubs and availability of sufficient oxygen for combustion to take place.