基于Petri网和模拟退火遗传算法的并行测试研究

针对自动测试系统中并行测试任务调度复杂、难以优化的问题，提出了一种Petri网技术和模拟退火遗传算法相结合的任务调度优化算法。首先为并行测试系统建立时间Petri网模型，然后将激发的变迁序列集作为并行测试任务调度路径。为了得到最优路径，引入模拟退火遗传（GASA）算法进行搜索。在搜索过程中，将能激发的变迁序列作为染色体，进行选择、交叉和变异。为了防止算法出现收敛过早，陷入局部最优解的现象，还要对个体进行模拟退火操作，最后得到测试完成时间最短的任务调度序列。     

复杂并行共享资源与系统死锁

研究了制造过程共享资源引起的死锁问题。提出了并行资源死锁结构的概念。对于包含该结构的系统，给出了Petri网模型具有可能死锁的充要条件。基于资源向量的概念，提出了一个简单方法，用于判断系统是否具有可能的死锁。针对包含死锁结构的系统，提出了系统Petri网无死锁的设计方法，举例说明了这种方法的应用。     

一种半导体自动化制造系统中的死锁避免

在半导体自动化制造TRACK系统中，由于没有缓冲空间，死锁避免更加困难，保守策略大大降低资源利用率，而路径的柔性为获得更有效的死锁避免策略提供了可能性，本文采用面向资源的着色Petri网建模，基于该模型并利用路径柔性，提出一个系统无死锁的充分条件，并给出相应的控制规律，依据该规律，系统中任务的个数不受限制，并能处理多晶片类型，最后，给出一个说明方法的实用实例。     

复杂并行共享资源柔性制造系统中的死锁结构

深入研究了独立制造过程共享资源引起的死锁问题 ,提出了并行资源死锁结构的概念。同时 ,基于资源向量 ,给出了一种简单的形式化方法 ,用于判断一个系统是否由于包含并行共享而具有可能的死锁 ,提出了一种使并行共享资源制造系统 ,其 Petri网控制器无死锁的设计理论和方法 ,这种方法的主要特点是计算简单 ,最后举例说明了这种方法的应用。     

自动制造系统的一种死锁避免策略

基于Petri网的结构分析理论，提出了自动制造系统Petri网模型的一种死锁控制方法，在这种策略的控制下，避免了系统中死锁的产生，从而许多制造系统的Petri网模型具有活性，提出了一种保证所有严格极小信标至少含有一个托肯的方法，对冗余严格极小信标的研究，提高了Petri网复杂自动制造系统的建模能力。结果表明，在设计无死锁的Petri网格型时，不是所有的严格极小信标都要考虑，从而简化了设计结果和控制算法。     

自动小车存取系统中轨道导引小车环路死锁控制的研究

为防止自动小车存取系统中轨道导引小车环路死锁现象,提出了一种基于Petri网和有向图的死锁控制方法.该方法首先应用有色赋时Petri网建立了自动小车存取系统的动态模型,并结合有向图工具,阐述了导致环路死锁的原因.在此基础上,针对单一轨道双向运行的轨道导引系统,探讨了其环路死锁的主要表现形式,给出了轨道导引小车无死锁运行的充要条件,并提出了包含临界状态在内的死锁避免控制策略.最后,结合实例说明了环路死锁控制的有效性.     

基于有色Petri网的FMS生产系统的研究

运用有色Petri网对FMS柔性生产系统进行建模,在深入研究Petri网和扩展Petri网相关理论的基础上,从整个生产系统的控制功能方面验证了利用Petri网所建立系统模型的正确性。再在CPNTools环境下对生产系统模型进行了仿真,通过对生产系统仿真模型运行状态的跟踪,发现了具体导致生产系统运行出现死锁状态的原因,并提出相应的改进方法,该方法成功地应用于FMS生产系统的整个加工过程中。     

基于程序运行轨迹Petri网模型挖掘的死锁检测方法

程序死锁检测对于保证软件系统的稳定性具有重要作用.动态死锁分析方法由于具有高效和低误报率的特点而得到广泛研究.然而,传统的动态分析方法采用锁图及其各类扩展模型进行程序运行轨迹的建模和分析,它们难以对锁的授权/释放操作及其执行场景进行准确刻画,从而会导致误报现象.针对该问题,提出一种新型的基于程序运行轨迹Petri网模型挖掘的多线程程序动态死锁分析方法.首先,捕获程序运行轨迹中各类并发原语对应的操作,并据此构建程序的Petri网模型;然后,将程序的死锁检测问题转化为程序伴随Petri网模型的死标识检测问题;最后,在传统可达树基础上,计算并扩充了可用于死锁重演的程序调度方案.所提方法能排除更多的误报,并给出一种确定性的死锁重演方案,可有效提高死锁检测的准确性.     

一种扩展了条件和概率信息的Petri网

为了使Petri网具有根据Token中记录的信息和当前处理情况,进行处理路线选择和分析各个变迁及所有可能变迁集执行概率的功能,提出了一种扩展了条件和概率信息的Petri网.该网为经典Petri网的库所和变迁扩展了输入条件集、概率输出条件集及选择函数.通过条件概率Petri网的表示定义了其建模图的表达方法,通过运行过程分析描述了该网的运行原理,通过可达、死锁路线发现及概率计算的方法分析了各个变迁、所有可能变迁集及死锁路线的执行概率,并给出了死锁的解决策略.最后利用条件概率Petri网对叶片的制造过程进行建模分析,显示了其对复杂业务流程建模和指导优化资源配置的能力.     

多资源服务处理系统的活性控制策略

为解决一类具有多资源服务处理制造系统中的死锁问题,提出了利用Petri网描述系统结构和动态特征的方法,以及循环结构的新概念,证明了循环结构是导致系统死锁的惟一结构特征。利用辅助系统Petri网模型,提出了计算系统的所有基本极大循环结构的方法。对每个基本极大循环结构增加一个控制位置及其相关弧以限制其资源的利用,从而有效地避免系统死锁的发生。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.