最新专利文摘

聚苯乙烯共混物本发明涉及2种制备聚苯乙烯共混物的方法。一种方法将具有第一熔体流动速率的第一聚苯乙烯复合物与具有第二熔体流动速率的第二聚苯乙烯复合物制成聚苯乙烯共混物,且第二聚苯乙烯复合物的熔体流动速率比第一的高出至少为0.2g/min。第二聚苯乙烯复合物可以包括再生聚苯乙烯材料、发泡聚苯乙烯。制备聚苯乙烯共混物的另一种方法是将一种聚苯乙烯复合物和苯乙烯单体融合,经聚合反应混合得到聚苯乙烯共混物,其中含有聚苯乙烯复合物的组分熔体流动速率至少高于聚合苯乙烯单体     

聚苯乙烯的超临界降解及其相关降解机理

介绍了超临界流体在聚苯乙烯降解中的应用及其相关的降解机理,分析了超临界流体降解聚苯乙烯的优缺点,指出超临界流体降解聚苯乙烯是一种全新的方法,具有广阔的发展前景。     

聚苯乙烯相对分子质量测定新方法

通过测定聚苯乙烯/甲基环己烷溶液的临界组成,实验室发展了一种新的聚苯乙烯相对分子质量的测定方法。通过对标准聚苯乙烯/甲基环己烷溶液的临界组成的测定,得到溶液的临界组成与聚苯乙烯相对分子质量的定量关系:lnΦC=(1.848±0.086)-(0.370±0.008)lnM,通过该关系确定聚苯乙烯相对分子质量的相对误差2%。     

一种新型聚苯乙烯--结晶聚苯乙烯

DOW化学公司最近推出了一种新型聚苯乙烯树脂——间规聚苯乙烯 (syndiotacticpolystyrene,SPS) ,是一种结晶性的工程塑料。SPS与传统聚苯乙烯在聚合方法、化学性质及耐热性质上是完全不同的 ,它是利用茂金属作为催化剂 ,将聚苯乙烯单体定向聚合制得的一种具有间规结构的聚苯乙烯 ,即相邻苯环在聚苯乙烯链上以接近 12 0度规则排列。这种间规聚苯乙烯具有快速结晶性 ,在一般注塑条件下 ,可达到几乎完全的结晶结构。SPS结晶聚苯乙烯熔点为 2 70℃ ,玻璃化转变温度为 98℃ ,加入玻璃纤维增强后的 SPS热变形温度可达 2 5 0℃ ,而传统聚苯乙…     

自组装三维有序聚苯乙烯胶晶的高效制备研究

建立了高效制备三维有序聚苯乙烯胶体晶体的方法——一步乳液聚合自组装法.用此方法制备出粒径为180～320 nm的三维有序聚苯乙烯胶体晶体,并且聚苯乙烯微球在聚合完全时已完成自组装,省去以往报道中的后续自组装工艺.阐述了乳化剂用量对聚苯乙烯胶粒在乳液中自组装的影响,同时考察了乳化剂和引发剂用量分别对聚苯乙烯胶粒粒径的影响.结果表明:聚苯乙烯胶体晶体的三维有序性受乳化剂用量的影响较大;聚苯乙烯胶粒粒径在一定范围内随乳化剂用量的增加而减小;而聚苯乙烯胶粒粒径随着引发剂用量的增加而变大,但变化幅度不大.     

破除国外高相对分子质量聚苯乙烯技术封锁——负离子聚合技术合成出PS高端产品

长期破国外公司实施技术封锁和市场垄断的高相对分子质量聚苯乙烯树脂(PS)生产有了重大突破,兰州石化研究院采用负离子聚合技术成功合成出这种高端聚苯乙烯树脂。这项中试技术的开发既拓展了通用聚苯乙烯的应用领域,提高了国产产品的市场占有率,同时也为下一步开发高端聚苯乙烯     

国外塑料专利

正专利名称:可发性聚苯乙烯树脂颗粒和聚苯乙烯树脂预发泡粒子申请公布号:US2016229974(A1)申请公布日:2016.08.11该发明提及了一种可发性聚苯乙烯树脂颗粒,其是将含有阻燃剂和发泡剂的聚苯乙烯树脂进行加工制成可发性聚苯乙烯树脂颗粒。所述阻燃剂的分子     

中国专利

正一种聚乙烯/聚苯乙烯/有机改性蒙脱土复合材料及其制备方法本发明公开了一种聚乙烯/聚苯乙烯/有机改性蒙脱土复合材料。采用Gemini表面活性剂通过插层进入蒙脱土片层,对蒙脱土片层进行有效剥离,并在超声条件下制备纳米蒙脱土;然后将有机改性蒙脱土与聚苯乙烯溶液共混,再与聚乙烯进行机械共混,制备了聚乙烯/聚苯乙烯/有机改性蒙脱土复合材料。将有机蒙脱土与聚苯乙烯溶液共混,促进其在聚乙烯/聚苯乙烯基体中的分散,通过机械共混,使聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯分子链插层进入有     

聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料在建筑设计中的应用

聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料是目前应用较为广泛的一种建筑保温材料,其高经济效益、高操作性及极好的保温性能使得它越来越受住户及房地产开发商的青睐。从聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料的基本概况及发展历程出发,简要介绍了聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料的主要工程特性,阐述了其密度与压缩性能、热导率、吸水率的线性关系。结合聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料的各个特性,详细介绍了聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料在建筑墙体保温、屋面保温、地面保温三个方面的应用,以期为聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料在建筑设计中的应用起一定的指导作用。     

中国塑料专利

<正>专利名称:一种聚苯乙烯复合材料及其制备方法申请公布号:CN201510562700.4申请公布日:2017.03.15本发明涉及一种聚苯乙烯复合材料及其制备方法。所述聚苯乙烯复合材料由以下质量份的组分制成:植物填充材料100份,玻璃纤维毡20~50份,聚苯乙烯胶黏剂40~80份,其中所述聚苯乙烯胶黏剂中含有阻燃成分。本发明采用木粉和聚苯乙烯作为主要原料,通过合理的配方工艺得到一种成本低,力学性能和阻燃效果优良的聚苯乙烯复合材料。该复合材料采用     

Control of mesh pattern of surface corrugation via rate of solvent evaporation in solution casting of polymer film in the presence of convection

A polygonal mesh pattern was observed on an as-cast polymer film when cast from a dilute solution on a hot plate. It was found that the pattern was ascribed to surface corrugation. In the dilute solution, a similar polygonal mesh pattern due to convection was present. A possible imprinting mechanism of the convection pattern on the as-cast polymer film as the surface corrugation was investigated by real time observation using the so-called shadowgraph technique. For this purpose poly(styrene-ran-butadiene) random copolymer was used as a solute and toluene as a solvent. Furthermore, control of the mesh size via the rate of solvent evaporation was examined. It was found that the mesh size was increased with an increase of the rate in the regime of the lower evaporation-rate (regime I) and that it was decreased tremendously with an increase of the rate in the regime of the higher evaporation-rate (regime II). These regimes can be referred to as a kinetic control regime and a temperature-gradient control regime, respectively.     

对叔辛基酚的多晶特性

引言 不同晶型的有机物会有物理和化学性质差异,因此晶型的控制成为有机产品质量好坏的重要影响因素,近年来,有机物多晶型现象引起了人们的极大关注[1-3].     

Measurement of the adsorptive capacity of a powder

The purpose of this work was to recommend a method of measuring the adsorptive capacity of powdered activated carbon (PAC). The adsorptive capacity is needed in future mathematical models of dispersed phase adsorption. This measurement was difficult, because the large drag forces in powders resist any flow into the sample volume, causing big pressure gradients.

Two approaches were tested and compared; a material balance over a packed bed, and a standard volumetric method. The pressure loss across the packed bed was made small by the combination of the PAC with glass ballotini. Toluene was chosen as a sorbate because of its ease of measurement.

The results concerned pressure variations in the packed bed, and the ease with which the end-points could be found in either method. With regard to the packed bed, the time from the start of breakthrough to saturation was typically 110 min. The principal reason for this delay was channelling; the breakthrough curve could not be used to infer pore diffusion coefficients. The total pressure within the bed was kept to within 5% of its mean value. Hence, the adsorptive capacity could be plotted as a function of pressure, and fitted with a Freundlich isotherm with an exponent of n=0.2. Including the PAC, the adsorptive capacities of four kinds of carbon, at the same temperature and pressure, varied from 8 to 16%.

For the volumetric method, at least 3 h were needed for the sorbent and sorbate to reach equilibrium. A mathematical model showed that the uptake curve was controlled by heat transfer. Because the test volume was under a partial vacuum, the technician had to be careful that no air leaked into it during the test. The volumetric method was faster with 250 μm diameter carbon granules; the end-point was evident after 20 min.

In conclusion, a method involving a packed bed was developed to measure the adsorptive capacity of a powder. The end-point was determined easily; the end-point for the volumetric method was indistinct.     

辐射改性电缆护套管的性能研究

采用低密度聚乙烯/乙烯-醋酸乙烯（PE-LD/EVA）为电缆料的主体基材,氢氧化镁［Mg(OH)2］为主阻燃剂,研究了乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）和有机蒙脱土（OMMT）对电缆料力学性能和阻燃性能的影响;并利用γ射线交联技术,探讨了辐射剂量对材料力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,随着POE用量的增加,材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率增加,但硬度降低;OMMT的添加量为4份时,其与Mg(OH)2可以产生最佳的协同效应,改善了材料的力学性能和阻燃性能;当辐照剂量在90～100 kGy时,PE-LD/EVA/Mg(OH)2/OMMT＝50/50/60/4的共混体系的综合性能达到比较理想的水平,其极限氧指数超过32 ％,拉伸强度为11 MPa,断裂伸长率超过900 ％。     

调节阀流场CFD数值模拟与流道优化

应用三维建模软件对某一广泛应用的套筒型调节阀内部流场建立模型,通过前处理器生成计算网格,应用CFD软件进行离散求解,得到调节阀内部流场的可视化图形,数值模拟不同开度下流量,得到调节阀的流量特性曲线,并与试验测定的数据进行比较分析。结果表明,模拟值与试验值吻合较好,并对流道进行了结构优化,获得了能耗更低的流道结构。     

聚羧酸减水剂的分子结构对水泥水化过程的影响

在水溶液体系下合成了一系列不同分子结构的聚羧酸减水剂,利用凝胶渗透色谱对其分子结构进行表征,探讨了分子结构对聚羧酸减水剂的分散性及其分散保持性的影响,并采用＂水化热法＂和＂电阻率法＂分析了聚羧酸减水剂的分子结构对水泥水化过程的影响。结果表明：聚氧化乙烯（polyethylene oxide,PEO）侧链较短时,聚羧酸减水剂表现出较高的分散保持性;PEO侧链接枝密度为1：3时,聚羧酸减水剂同时表现出较高的分散性及分散保持性,同时与减水剂的分子量分布密切相关;聚羧酸减水剂使水泥水化的诱导前期缩短,但诱导期延长,表现出一定的缓凝作用;PEO侧链较短、PEO侧链接枝密度适中的聚羧酸减水剂表现出较强的缓凝作用,与其在水泥颗粒表面的吸附行为有关;随分子量减小,这种缓凝作用略有加强;聚羧酸减水剂使电阻率曲线上对应的离子溶解平衡期延长,当PEO侧链较短、PEO侧链接枝密度适中时,聚羧酸减水剂对溶解平衡期的延长作用更明显,这与分子结构对水化热曲线上诱导期的延长规律类似。     

二氧化钛-聚合物纳米复合膜的制备与光致耗氧行为

合成了一种新型二氧化钛-聚合物纳米复合膜,用于封闭体系中光致好氧研究。以钛酸异丙酯为原料,利用凝胶-水热法制备了TiO2纳米晶粒。将商品级纳米TiO2与凝胶-水热法得到的纳米TiO2分别采用层层涂覆与混合涂膜法与聚合物复合,制各固态TiO2-聚合物纳米复合膜。提出了复合膜的结构,考察了其光稳定性和其存封闭体系中光致耗氧行为,建立了光致耗氧的动力学模型。结果表明：利用光催化原理,复合膜可消耗封闭体系中的氧气：光致耗氧反应可用Langmuir-Hinshelwood气-固相催化反应动力学模型来描述。其动力学表达式符合拟一级反应动力学。     

Comparison of flame propagation properties of petroleum coke and coals of different rank

Ignition and flame propagation characteristics of 18 kinds of coal and a petroleum coke were investigated through a laser ignition experiment. Flame stability was strongly influenced by amount of volatile matter and pyrolysis rate. Lean limit of flame propagation was strongly influenced by amount of volatile matter. Flame propagation was observed when pyrolized volatile matter was mixed with surrounding air or oxygen, until the concentration of pyrolized volatile matter reached a constant value. Flame propagation velocity was strongly influenced by pyrolysis rate. As the pyrolysis rate increased, the flame propagation velocity increased. The flame propagation velocity of petroleum coke was higher than that of coal with the same volatile content. The flame propagation of petroleum coke was superior to what was expected based on the volatile content, primarily because the high pyrolysis rate caused a shorter ignition delay than what would be expected given the volatile content. A database for the lean limit of flame propagation was used to develop a flame stability model to estimate lean flammability of a large-scale burner. The model could predict the effect of the coal rank, the particle diameter distribution for lean flammability limit. The estimated lean flammability limit of petroleum coke (volatile content 11.5%) was equal to that of lv bituminous coal with volatile content of about 15%.     

Preparation of supported palladium membrane and separation of hydrogen

Palladium acetate was sublimed at a reduced pressure at 400°C., carried into the macropores of the porous wall of an α-alumina support tube and was decomposed there. A thin palladium membrane which was thus formed showed a hydrogen permeance of 10⁶ mol·m²·s¹.-Pa¹ and a hydrogen/nitrogen permselectivity higher than 1000. The membrane was stable against hydrogen embrittlement even when the permeation temperature was varied between 100 and 300°C., and it was stable to sulfur or chlorine. To test the ability of this system for the separation of hydrogen and deuterium, a palladium disk was used instead of the prepared membrane since a definite membrane thickness was necessary for calculation. When H₂ and D₂ permeated through the membrane independently, the H/D permselectivity was approximately 7 at 150–200°C under a feed side pressure of 0.4 MPa and a permeate side pressure of 0.1 MPa. When a mixture of H₂ and D₂ was fed, the H/D permselectivity was reduced to 1.2–1.6.     

风机齿轮箱的涂装保护

风机齿轮箱是风力机组中重要的部件,且维修困难,为满足其使用寿命的要求,选择一个合理的涂层体系,对风机齿轮箱进行涂装保护是非常重要的.