纳米Fe-Cu粉末的制备及其对铁基压坯烧结行为的影响

以化学共沉淀法制备出纳米Fe-Cu复合粉末并对其性能进行了表征,分别以此纳米Fe-Cu粉末和电解Cu粉与铁粉进行混合获得铁基粉末混合料,成形压坯在H2气氛中不同温度下进行烧结,测定基加入不同形态Cu(合金）粉末铁基烧结坯的烧结性能,结果表明,在相同的Cu添加量及烧结条件下,添加纳米Fe-Cu粉末较加入电解Cu粉于铁基压坯中可以明显地提高压坯烧结后的密度,硬度及强度等性能,而添加纳米Fe-Cu粉末压坯在较低温度下烧结可达到添加电解Cu粉压坯在较高温度下烧结后的性能水平,说明采用纳米Fe-Cu粉末形式向铁基压坯中引入Cu有利于制备高密度,高性能的铁基烧结材料。     

短碳纤维增强铜基复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

采用冷压烧结工艺制备了短碳纤维增强铜基复合材料,考察了该复合材料的干摩擦磨损性能.讨论了短碳纤维含量、载荷、转速等对复合材料摩擦性能的影响.结果表明:复合材料的耐磨性能明显优于基体材料;随着碳纤维含量的增加复合材料的耐磨性能进一步提高;随载荷和转速的提高,摩擦系数和磨损量也随之增加;复合材料由纯铜的粘着磨损转变为剥层磨损,并均伴有一定的氧化磨损.     

CoCrFeNiTix高熵合金涂层的显微组织和耐磨性能

用激光熔覆工艺在40Cr钢表面制备CoCrFeNiTi_x (x=0、0.2、0.5、0.8)高熵合金涂层并计算其热力学参数,使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、显微硬度仪、摩擦磨损试验机等手段检测合金的物相组成、组织、元素分布、硬度及耐磨性,研究了Ti元素含量对其显微组织和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明：随着Ti元素含量的提高,合金物相在面心立方(FCC)结构的基础上形成了体心立方(BCC)结构,熔覆层中部的组织由晶界明显、晶粒分布均匀的等轴晶组成,最后形成了柱状树枝晶;随着Ti元素含量的提高,合金横截面的硬度逐渐提高,最高为412.32 HV_0.2,比基体的硬度提高了1.8倍;涂层的磨损量和摩擦系数均随之降低,Ti含量为0.8时涂层其耐磨性能最优,磨损量最小为6.8 mg,摩擦系数为0.35。涂层的磨损机制,以磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损为主。     

SiC含量对激光熔覆SiC/Ni60A复合涂层显微组织和耐磨性能的影响

利用LDM2500-60半导体激光器在45#钢板上制备SiC颗粒增强Ni60A合金激光熔覆涂层,系统研究SiC含量对涂层的显微组织、稀释率、耐磨性、摩擦因数和显微硬度的作用规律。结果表明:随着SiC含量增加,熔覆表层的微观组织细化,稀释率、耐磨性、摩擦因数和硬度均先增加后降低;当SiC含量为20%(质量分数,下同)时,熔覆层的耐磨性能最佳,磨损量仅为0.0012g,为基体磨损量的1/36.3;摩擦因数最小为0.464,且磨损过程最为平稳;熔覆层平均硬度值最高,达到1039.9HV0.2,为基体的3.5倍;但当SiC含量达到25%时,熔覆层的显微硬度与耐磨性能反而下降。     

车离合器用SPS烧结B_4C颗粒增强Cu基复合材料组织和摩擦性能分析

为了提高汽车制动性能,通过B_4C颗粒增强Cu基复合材料,并对其进行放电等离子烧结(SPS)制造。采用实验测试的手段研究不同质量分数的B_4C颗粒对复合材料组织和摩擦性能的影响。研究结果表明:B_4C处于10%～30%范围时,未出现明显团聚;当B_4C达到50%时,B_4C颗粒出现团聚状态。材料密度随着B_4C含量的上升而逐渐增加,通过SPS烧结,能够明显降低Cu合金的体积膨胀率。当B_4C含量处于较低水平时,摩擦副能够良好地贴合Cu基体,导致基体产生剥离现象。当材料中增强体含量继续上升,犁沟状磨损形貌。B_4C/Cu基材料具有较高的最大摩擦系数与平均摩擦系数。通过降低B_4C/Cu基材料颗粒脱落程度,可以有效提高材料的摩擦稳定系数。     

Cu含量对生物可降解Zn-Cu合金组织和性能的影响

以Zn粉和Cu粉为原料,采用粉末冶金技术制备生物可降解Zn-Cu合金.研究了Cu含量对生物可降解Zn-Cu合金显微组织、物相组成、抗压强度、耐腐蚀性以及抗菌性能的影响.研究结果表明:当Cu元素加入Zn基体后,Zn-Cu合金的烧结致密度增大.当Cu含量为0.5％—2.5％(质量分数,下同)时,Zn-xCu合金由单相η固溶体组成;当Cu含量为3.0％时,Zn-3.0Cu合金由η和ε两相组成.随着Cu含量的增加,Zn-xCu合金(x=0％-3％)的抗压强度从93.6 MPa提高到170.3 MPa.当Cu含量为2.5％时,Zn-2.5Cu合金的自腐蚀电位达到最大值(-1.0485V),自腐蚀电流密度和稳定腐蚀速率均达到最小值4.6304×10-5 A·cm-2和0.076 mm/year.在金黄色葡萄球菌培养液中,与纯Zn相比,Zn-2.5Cu合金抑菌圈直径最大为(29.8±0.3)mm,吸光度值最低为0.20,这说明Zn-2.5Cu合金对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌效果更好.     

Al_xCoCrFeNiCu_2高熵合金的组织结构及力学性能

采用真空电弧熔炼技术制备出不同Al含量的AlxCo Cr Fe Ni Cu2的高熵合金,研究Al含量对该高熵合金的微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,该铸态高熵合金合金具有简单的bcc相固溶体结构及fcc相固溶体结构。AlxCo Cr Fe Ni Cu2(x=1,2和3)合金中fcc相固溶体的含量在增加;当x=4,5时,合金中bcc相固溶体的含量增加。合金的硬度随着Al元素的增加而提高。制备出的5种合金中Al4Co Cr Fe Ni Cu2硬度值最高。Al3Co Cr Fe Ni Cu2高熵合金具有较高的屈服强度和断裂强度。     

注射成形Cu-Fe-C摩擦材料的性能

采用注射成形工艺制备了Cu-Fe-C坯料,通过溶剂脱脂和热脱脂、烧结制备出Cu-Fe-C摩擦材料。研究了Cu-Fe-C摩擦材料的力学性能及摩擦磨损性能,重点分析了Fe含量对Cu-Fe-C摩擦材料性能的影响。实验结果表明:材料中铜颗粒之间存在的孔隙及石墨为主要的裂纹源和扩展途径,使材料发生脆性断裂;高硬度、耐磨的Fe颗粒分布于铜基体中,可以提高材料的硬度、强度;当Fe含量达到8%时,材料的硬度为58HV,抗拉强度为148MPa;当摩擦速度为100～400r/min时,Fe颗粒的加入提高了材料磨损量、摩擦系数,降低了材料的磨损性能;高速摩擦条件下,Fe的加入促进摩擦表面氧化膜的形成,提高了材料的耐磨性能。     

烧结温度对粉末冶金法制备M2052阻尼合金性能的影响

采用单质Mn、Cu、Ni、Fe粉末,通过反应烧结过程可制备M2052合金。主要研究了烧结温度对密度、孔隙率和力学性能的影响,同时对烧结样品的相组成进行了分析。M2052合金在950℃烧结时基本为γ-MnCu固溶体,合金的密度为6.23g/cm3,致密度为87.2%,抗弯强度达到了487 MPa,并具有良好的阻尼性能,不同频率下的阻尼性能表现稳定,损耗因子tanδ达到0.11~0.12。     

结晶器铜板等离子喷涂镍-石墨涂层的耐磨性

为提高连铸结晶器铜板的使用寿命和铸坯质量,采用超音速等离子喷涂技术在结晶器铜板材料Cr-Zr-Cu基体上制备镍-石墨自润滑涂层,利用扫描电镜(SEM)对喷涂粉末和涂层的组织形貌进行表征,通过球-盘式摩擦磨损实验研究载荷和温度对镍-石墨自润滑涂层、摩擦系数、磨损量的影响,并对涂层的磨损机制进行分析.结果表明:利用超音速等离子喷涂制备的镍-石墨涂层与基体结合良好,结构致密;涂层的摩擦系数和磨损量均随着载荷的增加而增加,不同载荷下涂层的磨损机制均是磨粒磨损,且随着载荷增加,磨粒磨损加剧;涂层的摩擦系数随着温度的增加而增加,且磨损机制均为氧化磨损,但是温度为225℃时,以石墨的润滑作用为主,温度为425℃时,石墨相被氧化镍覆盖,石墨的润滑作用降低,以氧化镍的润滑作用为主.镍-石墨涂层能显著降低Cr-Zr-Cu基体的摩擦系数和磨损量,提高结晶器的耐磨性能.     

铝合金表面激光熔覆Cu基复合涂层的组织及磨擦磨损性能

利用铜基熔体的液相分离作用,采用激光熔覆工艺,在ZL104合金表面成功获得了球形颗粒体增强的过饱和（Cu,Ni)固溶体基复合材料涂层。（Cu,Ni)固溶体的组织形态为胞状和树枝状,球形增强体内亚组织形态为颗粒状、穗状或树叶状。干滑动磨擦磨损试验表明复合材料熔覆层对ZL104合金表面耐磨性的提高作用很大。磨损过程中,ZL104合金主要发生了粘附磨损,出现了脱层现象;熔覆层材料发生了粘附磨损和磨粒磨损。     

铝合金表面激光熔覆Cu基复合涂层的组织及摩擦磨损性能

利用铜基熔体的液相分离作用,采用激光熔覆工艺,在ZL104合金表面成功获得了球形颗粒体增强的过饱和（Cu, Ni）固溶体基复合材料涂层。（Cu,Ni）固溶体的组织形态为胞状和树枝状,球形增强体内亚组织形态为颗粒状、穗状或树叶状。干滑动摩擦磨损试验表明复合材料熔覆层对ZL104合金表面耐磨性的提高作用很大。磨损过程中,ZL104合金主要发生了粘附磨损,出现了脱层现象;熔覆层材料发生了粘附磨损和磨粒磨损。     

Cu对粉末冶金Fe3Al基复合材料性能的影响

研究了Cu含量对粉末冶金Fe3Al基复合材料的烧结性能和力学性能的影响,分析了施加载荷和改变转速对加入不同量铜粉末冶金Fe3Al基复合材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响,并借助电子显微镜和能谱分析了不同铜含量Fe3Al基复合材料的磨损机理.结果表明:加入12%的Gu可使Fe3Al基复合材料具有良好的烧结性能和力学性能;载荷和转速对复合材料的磨损形式受铜的加入量的影响;铜的加入影响复合材料的磨损形式和磨损机理,当含铜量较少时,复合材料以磨粒磨损为主,随加入铜的量的增多,其磨损形式变为磨粒磨损和轻微的粘着磨损形式,加入大量铜时,则以粘着磨损为主.     

Wear characteristics of spray formed Al-alloys and their composites

In the present investigation, different Al based alloys such as Al–Si–Pb, Al–Si, Al–Si–Fe and 2014Al + SiC composites have been produced by spray forming process. The microstructural features of monolithic alloys and composite materials have been examined and their wear characteristics have been evaluated at different loads and sliding velocities. The microstructural features invariably showed a significant refinement of the primary phases and also modification of secondary phases in Al-alloys. The Pb particles in Al–Si–Pb alloy were observed to be uniformly distributed in the matrix phase besides decorating the grain boundaries. The spray formed composites showed uniform distribution of SiC particles in the matrix. It was observed that wear resistance of Al–Si alloy increases with increase in Pb content; however, there is not much improvement after addition of Pb more than 20%. The coefficient of friction reduced to 0.2 for the alloy containing 20%Pb. A sliding velocity of 1 ms⁻¹ was observed to be optimum for high wear resistance of these materials. Alloying elements such as Fe and Cu in Al–Si alloy lead to improved wear resistance compared to that of the base alloy. The addition of SiC in 2014Al alloy gave rise to considerable improvement in wear resistance but primarily in the low pressure regime. The wear rate seemed to decrease with increase in sliding velocity. The wear response of the materials has been discussed in light of their microstructural features and topographical observation of worn surfaces.     

Comparative study of mechanical and wear behavior of Cu/WS_2 composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering and hot pressing

The mechanical and wear behavior of copper-tungsten disulfide(Cu/WS_2) composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS) and hot pressing(HP) was investigated, comparatively. Results indicated that the addition of lubricant WS_2 substantially reduced wear rate of the Cu matrix composites fabricated by SPS,and the optimum content of WS_2 is 20 wt% with regard to the wear behavior. However, it affected a little to the wear rate while dramatically decreased the friction coefficient of the composite fabricated by HP.This difference in friction behavior of the self-lubricating composites fabricated by the two techniques was closely related to their different mechanical properties. Severe interfacial reaction occurred during spark plasma sintering, leading to brittle phase formation at interface.     

基于铝热反应Cu-Fe二元合金的微观组织与摩擦性能研究EI北大核心CSCD

基于铝热法制备含2%(质量分数)Al的Cu-Fe合金,采用XRD,SEM,EDS和EBSD技术对Cu-Fe合金的相结构、微观组织进行表征,同时采用HVS-1000A维氏硬度仪和CFT-1材料表面性能测试仪测试Cu-Fe合金的硬度及抗磨损性能。结果表明:利用铝热反应可高效地制备Cu-Fe合金,成分可控,组织致密无夹杂,其中Fe相均匀地分布在Cu基体中,Cu和Fe的相界面结合良好;Fe相的硬度为322.2HV,基体Cu相的硬度为169.3HV,Cu-Fe合金的电导率为40.8 MS/m。铝热法制备的Cu-Fe合金具有较低的摩擦因数,平均摩擦因数为0.124,磨损率为2.17×10^(-3) mm 3·N^(-1)·m^(-1)。     

纳米TiC颗粒对Ni-TiC复合镀层组织与性能的影响

采用双脉冲复合电镀技术,在瓦特型镀液中,制备含微-纳米TiC颗粒的Ni基复合镀层。研究镀液中纳米TiC添加量对复合镀层微观形貌、组织结构、硬度、摩擦和抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明:镀液中添加纳米TiC后,Ni-TiC复合镀层表面出现团聚、致密度降低,复合镀层的组织为Ni和TiC;随镀液中纳米TiC添加量的增加,复合镀层的显微硬度呈先增后降的趋势,而摩擦因数则先降后升;当纳米TiC颗粒添加量为6.0g/L时,复合镀层显微硬度最大,为445HV,摩擦因数较小,为0.22,磨损机制以磨料磨损为主;在900℃,100h氧化条件下抗氧化性能最佳,氧化增重为6.828mg/cm~2,为微米复合镀层的0.5倍。     

Densification of W-Ni-Cu and W-Fe-Cu Alloys at 1573 K

Anewkindoffunctionallygradedmaterials(FGM)withdensitygradientcanbeusedindynamichigh-pressuretechnology['].Recently,theresearchonsuchFGMofAl-Cusystemhasbeenreportedl2],butitisstillnecessarytoinvestigatesuchmaterialsinhigherdensityrange,e.g.,W-MosystemFGM.OnlywhenhighrelativedensityofeverytransientlayerofsuchFGMisensuredcangoodeffectbeob-tainedinfactualapplication.Theliquid-phasesin-teringmethodisusuallyappliedtoacquiretungstenheavyalloyswithfulldensity,butthecorrespond-ingsinteringtempera…     

Fe含量对Cu基金属陶瓷摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

研究Fe含量对Cu基金属陶瓷摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响。研究结果表明，随Fe含量由5％增至20％，导致金属陶瓷摩擦材料的磨损缓慢增加。而对偶的磨损急剧减少：当Fe含量大于20％时。金属陶瓷摩擦材料的磨损急剧增加；同时，随Fe含量的增加。金属陶瓷摩擦材料的硬度及摩擦力矩曲线的稳定性得到了提高。     

Influence of copper and molybdenum on dry sliding wear behaviour of sintered plain carbon steel

Study of wear behaviour of sintered low alloy steels is required to ascertain their applications for wear resistance. In the present work the influence of copper and molybdenum on wear behaviour of plain carbon steel (Fe–0.5%C) using pin-on-disk arrangement has been addressed. Atomized iron (Fe), graphite (C), copper (Cu) and molybdenum (Mo) elemental powders were suitably weighed and thoroughly mixed in a pot mill to yield the alloy powders of Fe–0.5%C, Fe–0.5%C–2%Cu and Fe–0.5%C–2%Mo. Admixed alloy powders were then compacted and sintered for obtaining preforms of aspect ratio (height/diameter) 1.3 and diameter 25 mm. The sintered preforms were then hot extruded and subsequently machined to obtain wear test specimens of diameter 6 mm and height 50 mm. Using Design of Experiment software, the sliding wear experiments were planned and conducted on a pin-on-disk tribometer. It has been found that there is a substantial improvement in wear resistance of the P/M plain carbon steel by the addition Mo rather than Cu. However coefficient of friction is higher due to presence of hard microstructural phases. Delamination wear is found predominant for both the alloy steels. Empirical correlations for mass loss and coefficient of friction with respect to load/speed have been developed for the alloy steels.