18Mn18Cr护环钢的应力腐蚀

采用慢尖速率拉伸法，研究了１８Ｍｎ１８Ｃｒ和１８Ｍｎ５Ｃｒ两种护环钢在９０℃的去离子水，２２％ＮａＣｌ和饱和ＮａＮＯ３水溶液中的应力腐蚀开裂行为。文中对两种护环钢的ＳＣＣ抗力进行了讨论。     

日本、奥地利及国产高性能高速钢M42的质量对比分析

对日本、奥地利及国产Ｍ４２钢按冶炼炉号进行化学成分、原材料硬度、低倍组织、碳化物分布、尺寸及表面质且等进行了对比分析，结果表明，这些钢的化学成分及低、高倍组织等均符合标准要求。同时，也指出了这些材料的若干区别，列出了推荐的热处理工艺。     

淬火和回火温度对 H13 钢力学性能的影响

本文研究了４Ｃｒ５ＭｏＳｉＶ１（Ｈ１３）钢淬火、回火工艺对其力学性能的影响。结果表明，淬火温度从１０２０℃提高到１０７０℃，强度增加，韧度降低；疲劳寿命随淬火温度的提高而增加。回火温度超过６２０℃，强度明显下降。     

淬火和回火温度对H13钢力学性能的影响

本文研究了４Ｃｒ５ＭｏＳｉＶ１（Ｈ１３）钢淬火，回火工艺对其力学性能的影响，结果表明，淬火温度从１０２０℃提高到１０７０℃，强度增加，韧度降低，疲劳寿命随淬火温度的提高而增加，回火温度超过６２０℃，强度明显下降。     

低碳贝氏体钢的焊缝结晶裂纹敏感性研究

采用横向变拘束热裂纹试验方法（ＶａｒｅｓｔｒａｉｎｔＴｅｓｔ）对低磷贝氏体钢的焊缝结晶裂纹敏感性进行了研究。并与４２ＣｒＭｏ、３０ＣｒＭｎＳｉＡ钢作了对比．结合三种材料的结晶裂纹断口形貌讨论了化学成分和高温塑性对结晶裂纹敏感性的影响规律。结果表明，低碳贝氏体钢的结晶裂纹敏感性较小．导致这一结果的主要原因是由于低碳贝氏体钢焊缝中晶间低熔点偏析物较少，金属的高温塑性较好，因而具有较高的抗焊缝结晶裂纹的能力．     

超高锰合金钢的研究及在电力工业中的应用

超高锰合金钢是一种耐磨新材料，经适当热处理后，在奥氏体基体上弥散分布着大量碳（氮）化物。试验表明，它具有韧性好、强度高、加工硬化能力强和屈服强度高的特点。用于风扇磨冲击板耐磨性比ＺＧ５０Ｍｎ２钢提高７０％以上，甚至超过了ＺＧＭｎ１３ＶＴｉＭｏ钢。     

焙烧蒸发循环泵用新型双相高硅不锈钢

采用金相显微镜和Ｘ射线衍射相结合的方法，观察与分析ＫＳ－４钢的金相组织，测试了试验多项腐蚀性能，并研究不同热处理制度对其各项腐蚀性能的影响，从而找出满足各项性能指标的最佳热处理制度。通过对比表明，ＫＳ－４钢在１１５℃的含４２％Ｎａ２ＳＯ４、小于１％Ｈ２ＳＯ４、小于０．０５ＺｎＳＯ４的盐浆溶液介质中，具有良好的耐蚀性能。     

锻态超级双相不锈钢的高温拉伸塑性

用Gleeble-3800热变形模拟试验机研究了锻态00Cr25Ni7Mo4N超级双相不锈钢在900～1 300 ℃时的高温拉伸塑性和高温变形组织特征.结果表明:温度对锻态超级双相不锈钢的热塑性影响显著,在1 100～1 200 ℃具有良好的热塑性,在1 200 ℃时断面收缩率最高达到70%,温度超过1 200 ℃后,热塑性下降明显;高温固溶处理对该不锈钢的热塑性有很大的影响,固溶处理温度为1 100 ℃时,热塑性提高.     

大型钢钢锭切割加工工艺技术

根据ＨＤＳ车轮钢钢锭材料性能及加工条件,选择高性能高速钢Ｍ４２刀具及铝高速钢Ｍ２Ａ１刀具进行切割试验,试验表明采用铝高速钢Ｍ２Ａ１刀具进行钢锭切「割,刀具耐用度明显提高。     

26Cr2Ni4MoV钢的奥氏体再结晶晶粒细化的研究

以２６Ｃｒ２Ｎｉ４ＭｏＶ钢为例研究了不同重复加热方式奥氏体再结晶晶粒细化的规律。结果表明，奥氏体的再结晶发生在钢的正常淬火温度以上的一个温度范围，并在该范围内存在晶粒细化效果最佳的温度区域；多次重复加热能进一步细化晶位，２６Ｃｒ２Ｎｉ４ＭｂＶ钢９５０℃─９００℃─９５０℃─９００℃阶梯式重复加热奥氏体晶粒度可达９～１０级。     

Al-Cu合金凝固过程中的准固态力学性能

本文用专用的实验装置研究了Al－Cu合金在凝固过程中的准固态强度、强度增长率、准固态区间和断裂应变。分析了Al－Cu合金准固态的力学性能与凝固过程的关系;还研究了钛、盐类细化剂和富铈混合稀土对准固态力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,亚共晶Al－Cu合金的固液共存区被固相线分成准液态区和准固态区,当含铜量低于4%时,准固态区又可分成热脆区和低强塑区。合金在低强塑区的力学性能明显地比热脆区的力学性能高,但仍有少量液体存在于枝晶间,铜含量高于4%时,准固态区就是热脆区,应变速率和微量添加元素都能改变Al－Cu合金在准固态的力学性能。     

Kinematic modeling and deformation mechanics in shot peening of functional ceramics

The applications of functional ceramics are significantly limited by the brittleness and low reliability. Recent studies have shown that compressive residual stress can be created in ceramics by shot peening, which improves the contact strength and fatigue of ceramic components. However, the formation mechanism of residuals stress in shot peening is yet to understand. In this study, a pressure-dependent plasticity model has been incorporated into a finite element simulation model of shot peening to understand the process mechanism underpinning the residual stress formation. Since shot velocity is the key process parameter to dominate the impact energy which determines the deformation state of the peened surface and the resultant residual stress, a new kinematic model of shots has also been developed by incorporating air drag and travel distance inside and outside the peening nozzle. The results have shown that the shot velocity model can be used to predict shot velocity. The experiment-based model may help understand the process mechanism underpinning the residual stress formation.     

热壁加氢反应器的制造和检验(一)

阐述了热壁加氢反应器的制造发展简况，重点论述了板焊结构的加氢反应器的结构特点及在使用过程中需解决的氢腐蚀、氢脆、高温高压硫化氢腐蚀、硫化物应力腐蚀开裂、堆焊层的剥离、Cr-Mo钢的回火脆性破坏六大问题以及针对这些问题设备所采用的主体材料、焊材及其特性，且介绍了设备的制造技术要点和无损检测技术要求，分析了加氢反应器的最新进展情况。     

热壁加氢反应器的制造和检验(二)

阐述了热壁加氢反应器的制造发展简况，重点论述了板焊结构的加氢反应器的结构特点及在使用过程中需解决的氢腐蚀、氢脆、高温高压硫化氢腐蚀、硫化物应力腐蚀开裂、堆焊层的剥离、Cr-Mo钢的回火脆性破坏六大问题以及针对这些问题设备所采用的主体材料、焊材及其特性，介绍了设备的制造技术要点和无损检测技术要求，分析了加氢反应器的最新进展情况。     

我国热作模具钢性能数据集

对国内生产和应用的25种（其中7种测部分性能）热作模具钢,在相同的试样尺寸、机械加工、热处理、试验设备和测试方法以及在相同的评判标准等条件下,实测了力学性能（室温、高温拉伸和冲击韧性、室温断裂韧性、高温硬度）;特殊性能（冷热疲劳、热磨损、热稳定性、热熔损、热塑性摩擦系数、抗氧化性）;工艺性能（锻造性、回火稳定性、心部性能、切削性）等16种性能,另外,还对部分钢种测定了物理性能和室温缺口拉伸性能。其性能数据具有可比性,更适宜有关专业人员作为热作模具选材和用材的依据。     

Design and performance evaluation of a d33-mode piezocomposite electricity generating element

Energy harvesting using smart materials and, in particular, piezoelectric material has been a very hot subject for several decades. The brittleness and low performance of PZT, which is widely used for energy harvesting applications, were considered a weakness. The concept of piezocomposite electricity generating elements (PCGEs) has been proposed for improving the electricity generation performance and alleviating brittleness of piezoceramic wafers. The residual stress in the PZT layer after curing is one of the main reasons for the PCGE’s enhanced performance and the outer epoxy-based composites protect the brittle PZT layer. We propose a d ₃₃-mode PCGE that can be used for energy harvesting in roads and bridges. The effective piezoelectric coefficient d ₃₃ ^eff of the electricity generating element was used as a measure of the electricity generating performance. We fabricated several PCGEs and conducted simple dropping tests to verify the concept of the d ₃₃-mode coefficient of the electricity generating element. Moreover, to ensure even distribution of the impact force on the PCGE, we designed and tested an effective load transfer mechanism with a steel block and a rubber pad.     

工程陶瓷的新加工方法

工程陶瓷材料具有耐高温、耐腐蚀、抗磨损及抗热冲击等优点。但由于硬度高、脆性大、大多数陶瓷材料不导电，传统的机械加工方法难以加工，使用范围受到限制。近年来，高压磨料水射流这种新兴的加工工程陶瓷的方法越来越受到人们重视。它具有效率高、成本低等优点，并可以加工出形状复杂的产品。     

Spatially resolved electron energy-loss studies of metal–ceramic interfaces in transition metal/alumina cermets

Composites consisting of an alumina matrix and 20 vol.% transition metal (Ni or Fe) particles, prepared by hot pressing powder blends, have been studied using spatially resolved transmission electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), and, to a lesser extent, by high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). Particular attention was paid to the elucidation of the chemical bonding mechanisms at the metal-ceramic interface; EELS spectra from interfacial regions being obtained via a spatial difference technique. From both qualitative and quantitative interpretation of EELS near-edge structures, as well as observed HREM images, the data appear to be consistent with the presence of an Al-terminated alumina at the interface and the formation of direct transition metal – aluminium bonds in Al(O₃M) (M = Ni or Fe) tetrahedral units, possibly as a result of the dissolution and interfacial reprecipitation of Al during processing. These results correlate well with similar model studies on diffusion-bonded Nb/Al₂O₃ interfaces and may, in the light of recent theoretical electronic structure calculations, have implications for the resultant interfacial bond strength in such materials.     

An experimental study on influences of material brittleness on chip morphology

Though several material properties such as hardness, thermal conductivity, specific heat, strain hardening, and thermal softening ability have been studied in terms of influencing segmental or serrated chip formation process, rare study about material brittleness affecting the chip formation process has been carried out. In this paper, an orthogonal cutting experiment with four steels with different brittleness was carried out. The effect of workpiece material brittleness on segmental chip formation and consequent chip morphology was investigated. The experimental results show that the material brittleness heavily affects chip formation process and chip shape. A novel chip formation model was developed to explain the mechanism of material brittleness working on the chip formation process. The mechanism is that material brittleness lowers the value of failure strain and thus makes the maximum stress in flow stress curve occur earlier, which leads to the catastrophic shear instability in primary shear zone and consequent segmented chip.     

齿轮的滚压塑性成形技术分析与研究

运用滚压成形技术进行齿轮塑性加工具有设备简单，刀具寿命长及效率高的特点，尤其对斜齿轮的成形加工，没有拔模问题。近年来，在国外该技术的研究与运用得到极大的重视。主要对滚压成形原理、冷挤及热挤成形时的影响因素进行了分析与研究，期望能对认识滚压成形技术的内在规律有所帮助。