钕铁硼－铝镍钴粘结永磁的复合效应

本文比较系统地研究了钕铁硼－铝镍钴复合粘结永磁的复合效应，结果表明在塑料含量一定时ＮｄＦｅＢ－ＡｌＮｉＣｏ＿５复合永磁的剩余磁感应强度Ｂｒ随ＮｄＦｅＢ含量变化基本不变；剩用温度系数α＿（Ｂｒ）随ＮｄＦｅＢ含量增加而线性增大；内禀矫顽力＿ｊＨ＿ｃ，矫顽力＿ｂＨ＿ｃ，最大磁能积（ＢＨ）＿ｍ均随ＮｄＦｅＢ含量Ｘ增加呈指数函数增大，并具有下列数学关系式：＿ｊＨ＿ｃ＝１５０ｅ￣（４．１５ｘ）＋４４０，＿ｂＨ＿ｃ＝１４９ｅ￣（３．３７ｘ）＋４００，（ＢＨ）＿ｍ＝０．１７２ｅ￣（３．６１ｘ）＋０．４     

超微晶Fe_（73．5）Cu_1Nb_3Si_（13．5）B_9形成过程的等温

利用热重法（ＴＧ）研究了超微晶Ｆｅ＿（７３．５）Ｃｕ＿１Ｎｂ＿３Ｓｉ＿（１３．５）Ｂ＿９形成的等温晶化动力学过程，由Ｊ－Ｍ－Ａ方程求出了晶化动力学常数ｎ（ｘ）和Ｅ＿ｃ（ｘ）对ｘ的曲线。晶化形核过程中这些曲线的变化关系可以很好的由Ｃｕ的作用来说明。同时与等温ＤＳＣ的结果比较表明ＴＧ更能给出晶化初期的形核信息。     

二甲基 - 二苯基聚硅氧烷与二甲基 - 甲基乙烯基聚硅氧烷嵌段共聚研究

利用聚二甲基－二苯基硅氧烷二醇（Ａ）与聚二甲基－甲基乙烯基硅氧烷二醇（Ｂ），在辛酸己胺催化下缩合聚合、形成（ＡＢ）ｎ、（ＡＢ）ｎＡ及（ＢＡ）ｎＢ型嵌段共聚物。该类聚合物经１ＨＮＭＲ、ＵＶ、ＩＲ及特性粘数测定，研究了催化剂用量、反应时间及反应温度对分子量的影响。利用分步沉淀分级得出了分子量分布。     

Ga－Al－As－Si系统中Si的两性掺杂行为的研究

对Ｓｉ在电液相外延Ｇａ－Ａｌ－Ａｓ－Ｓｉ系统中的两性掺杂行为进行了研究。提出了一种恒温生长Ｇａ＿（１－ｘ）Ａｌ＿ｘＡｓ：Ｓｉｐ－ｎ结的新方法，对这种ｐ－ｎ结的成因作了定性的解释，并对这种ｐ－ｎ结的电特性加以观察。     

二甲基—二苯基聚硅氧烷与二甲基—甲基乙烯基聚硅氧？…

利用聚二甲基－二苯基硅氧烷二醇（Ａ）与聚二甲基－甲基乙烯基硅氧烷二醇（Ｂ），在辛酸己胺催化下缩合聚合、形成（ＡＢ）ｎ、（ＡＢ）ｎＡ及（ＢＡ）ｎＢ型嵌段共聚物。该类聚合物经＾１ＨＮＭＲ、ＵＶ、ＩＲ及特性粘数测定，研究了催化剂用量、反应时间及反应温度对分子量的影响。利用分步沉淀分级得出了分子量分布。     

强光滑Banach空间的充要条件

本文的主要结论为，实Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间Ｘ是强光滑的当且仅当时任给ｘ０∈Ｓ（Ｘ），都存在ｐ，ｑ＞０，ｐ＋ｑ＝１使这里ｕｎ，νｎ∈Ｓ（Ｘ）∩Ｂ（ｘ０，ｒ）且ｕｎ≠νｎ，（ｎ＝１，２，…）．本文的结论比文［１］—［６］及［６］好。     

X射线影像存储材料BaF_xCl_（2－x）Eu~（2＋）的制备及其热释发光和

本文采用了不同温度下两次烧结的新方法，制备了系列Ｘ射线影象存储材料ＢａＦ＿ｘＣｌ＿（２－ｘ）：Ｅｕ￣（２＋）（ｘ＝０．９０，０．９５，１．００，１．０５，１．１０１．１５）。通过改变Ｆ／Ｃｌ比值，研究了在Ｘ射线辐照后ＢａＦ＿ｘＣｌ＿（２－ｘ）：Ｅｕ￣（２＋）的热释发光性质，给出了热释发光峰的温度与缺陷种类的关系。最后，我们研究了ＢａＦ＿ｘＣｌ＿（２－ｘ）：Ｅｕ￣（２＋）的光激励发光性质，给出了Ｆ／Ｃｌ比值与光激励发光强度的关系。     

Styan不等式的推广

设ｘ为ｎ×１单位向量，Ａ为ｎ×ｎ正交阵，Ｓｔｙａｎ［１］证明了这里λ１和λｎ为Ａ的最大和最小特征值。本文的目的是将上式的ｘ推广为ｎ×ｐ矩阵Ｘ，即证明了，对一切满足Ｘ′Ｘ＝Ｉｐ的矩阵ｘ和正定阵Ａ这里ｎ＞２ｐ，λ１≥…≥λｎ为Ａ的特征值，ｔｒ（Ａ）表示方阵Ａ的迹。     

材料表面和界面化学状态的俄歇化学效应研究EI

本文运用俄歇化学效应研究了三种纳米薄膜材料的表面，膜层及界面元素的化学状态。研究结果表明用作可燃气体传感器的氧化锡气敏薄膜在离子注Ｓｂ层中以ＳｂＳｎｏ＿ｘ物种存在，在无Ｓｂ层中则以Ｓｎｏｘ（ｘ＜１）形式存在。高能离子注入的金属Ｓｂ也以ＳｂＳｎＯｘ物种存在。具有太阳能选择性吸收功能的氮化铝薄膜则以ＡｌＮ＿ｘＯ＿ｙ物相存在。而ＡＰＣＶＤ法制备的氮化硅薄膜热氧化不稳定的本质则是由于成膜过程中在膜层中包埋了活性较强的自由硅，该自由Ｓｉ容易和热处理气氛中的残余氧反应，从而促进了Ｓｉ＿３Ｎ＿４簿膜层的氧化。     

四元硫族化合物A2MnBX4的结构类型和磁学性质的模式识别研究

本文用模式识别法研究了四元硫族化合物Ａ＿２ＭｎＢＸ＿４的结构类型和磁性类别与Ａ、Ｂ和Ｘ的半径的关系，结果表明ＲＡ越大，Ｒ＿Ｂ和Ｒ＿Ｘ越小越利于生成正交结构，相反则利于生成正方结构。亚稳的立方结构只在Ｒ＿Ｂ和Ｒ＿Ｘ较大的体系生成。从模式识别法表明符合０．０５０Ｒ＿Ｂ＋１．３２２Ｒ＿Ｘ＜３７５．３－Ｒ＿Ａ和２．１１８Ｒ＿Ｂ＋１．０８２Ｒ＿Ｘ＜２３９．３＋Ｒ＿Ａ（其中Ｒ＿Ａ、Ｒ＿Ｂ和Ｒ＿Ｘ的单位是ｐｍ）条件的体系具有铁磁性，相反则具反铁磁性。     

Transport properties of nonelectrolyte liquid mixtures—V. Viscosity coefficients for binary mixtures of benzene plus alkanes at saturation pressure from 283 to 393 K

Viscosity coefficient measurements at saturation pressure are reported for benzene + n-hexane, benzene + n-octane, benzene + n-decane, benzene + n-dodecane, benzene + n-hexadecane, and benzene + cyclohexane at temperatures from 283 to 393 K. The characteristic parameter G in the Grunberg and Nissan equation $$\ell n\eta = x_1 \ell n\eta _1 + x_2 \ell n\eta _2 + x_1 x_2 G$$ is found to be both composition and temperature dependent for benzene + n-alkane mixtures, but it is independent of composition for the system benzene + cyclohexane.     

N.m.r. investigation of benzene adsorption on a dehydrated NaY zeolite

The adsorption behavior of benzene on dehydrated NaY zeolite has been studied by means of ¹²⁹Xe n.m.r. and isotherm measurements of adsorbed xenon followed by proton and ¹³C n.m.r. of adsorbed benzene. Samples with varied benzene loadings were investigated. We found that to obtain a homogeneous molecular distribution in the zeolite cavities, thermal pretreatment of the sample at temperatures above 250°C for a period of several hours was necessary. The maximum number of benzene molecules that can be loaded within a zeolite supercage is found to lie between 4.9 and 5.2. ¹²⁹Xe n.m.r. has provided valuable information about the arrangement and mobility of adsorbed benzene. To confirm the effect of heat treatment on benzene distribution within NaY supercages, we also examined the proton and ¹³C n.m.r. spectra of adsorbed benzene and compared them with published results.     

改性活性炭对苯废气吸附性能的研究

对低浓度含苯废气的有效去除方法之一是活性炭吸附法。针对治理工业含苯废气，研制了高吸附量、低成本的活性炭。亦即，通过对普通煤质活性炭进行酸碱改性处理，除去酸碱可溶性物质，使活性炭的灰分大大降低，从而提高了活性的比表面积，同时，提高了活性炭的吸附活性。进而，通过研究不同的改性方法对活性炭的苯饱和吸附量、比表面积、孔径及灰分的影响，确定了最佳改性方法。研究结果表明：采用酸、碱交替改性方法处理普通活性炭，是提高活性炭的苯吸附量、增大比表面积的简单有效方法。     

丙烯酸2-乙基己酯与醋酸乙烯酯共聚合成高吸油性树脂的研究

以丙烯酸2－乙基己酯与醋酸乙烯酯为单体，采用悬浮聚合法，以单体自交联制得高吸油性树脂。对影响其吸油性能的多种因素，如单体配比、引发剂、油水相比的用量等，进行了系统的研究，得到的高吸油性树脂吸苯最高达16．1g/g，吸甲苯为14．8g/g，吸环己烷为13．3g/g，吸煤油为12．5g/g，可用于河面、海洋浮油的回收及工厂废水处理等领域.     

可溶性聚对苯乙炔共聚物的合成及性质

采用脱氯化氢法,从１,４－双氯甲基－２,５－二甲基苯（ＢＣＭＤＭＢ）和１,４－双氯甲基－２－甲氧基－５－己氧基苯（ＢＭＭＯＨＯＢ）分别合成出了聚（２,５－二甲基）对苯乙炔和聚（２,５－乙氧基）对苯乙炔;并对ＢＣＭＤＭＢ和ＢＣＭＭＯＨＯＢ的共聚进行了研究。结果表明,随着单体摩尔比率Ｒ（Ｒ＝ＢＣＭＤＭＢ／ＢＭＣＭＯＨＯＢ）的减小,共聚物的溶解性能增大,当Ｒ＝２／９时,共聚物在室温下可溶于氯仿中,成膜性     

碳源对碳纳米管形态的影响

以苯和甲苯为碳源,二茂铁为催化剂,含硫化合物为助催化剂,采用浮游催化裂解法制备了碳纳米管,并采用TEM对不同条件下所得碳纳米管进行了形态分析。结果发现,碳源中苯和甲苯的配比对碳纳米管的形态有着重要的影响。以纯苯为碳源时,产物主要为直线型碳纳米管,并存在极少量短的弯曲型碳纳米管。随着碳源中甲苯比例的增加,产物中折线型碳纳米管增加。以纯甲苯为碳源,产物中仍有少量直线型碳纳米管,而不完全是折线型碳纳米管;此外,产物中还发现了极少量分支型碳纳米管。根据所得结果讨论分析了甲苯的加入对碳纳米管形态的影响以及各种碳纳米管的形成机理,认为可能是由于甲苯在催化热解过程中产生的碳种不同于苯催化热解所产生的碳种,造成碳在催化剂颗粒各处浓度不同,从而在碳纳米管的不同部位引入五元环和七元环而形成各种形态的碳纳米管。     

丙烯腈-三元乙丙橡胶-苯乙烯接枝共聚物的合成与表征

以正已烷／苯为溶剂，过氧化二苯甲酰（BPO）为引发剂，溶液法合成了丙烯腈－三元乙丙橡胶－苯乙烯接枝共聚物（AES）。用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对其结构进行表征，用称量法计算接枝参数，并就接枝机理进行了讨论；研究了反应时间、引发剂浓度、EPDM含量及St/AN质量比等条件对接枝反应的影响。结果表明，选择适当的引发剂浓度及EPDM用量可得到具有较高接枝参数的AES。用热重分析法表征了产物的热性能，表明AES耐热性优于ABS。     

Toxicity assessment of volatile organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in motorcycle exhaust

This study investigates the toxicity of various pollutant species from motorcycle exhaust via dose-response analysis and margin of safety using Escherichia coli DH5 alpha. The toxicity evaluation of the major components of motorcycle exhaust volatile organic compounds (VOCs), collected with impinger, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), collected with filter and XAD-2, is essential to determine emission standards for motorcycles. The toxicity of benzene (B), toluene (T), ethyl benzene (E) and xylene (X) was selected for comparison as standard VOCs emitted from motorcycles. In addition, three types of reformulated gasoline (high oxygenate and high benzene content (No. 1), low oxygen and high benzene (No. 2), and low oxygen and low benzene (No. 3) were prepared to reveal combined toxicity of individual compositions. Motorcycle exhaust is significantly more toxic than BTEX due to the highly toxic VOCs generated from incomplete combustion. Overall toxicity evaluation showed that the toxicity, indicated as EC50, was approximately as follows: PAHs>two-stroke engines>four-stroke engines>BTEX.     

Electrochemical degradation of benzene in natural water using silver nanoparticle-decorated carbon nanotubes

In this study, a novel methodology for the electrochemical degradation of benzene in natural water using silver nanoparticle-decorated carbon nanotubes has been investigated. The morphology, the structure, and the electrochemical performance of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes-silver (MWCNT-Ag) nanocomposite film were characterised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and cyclic voltammetry (CV), respectively. Electrocatalytic oxidation of benzene in an aqueous solution was studied to evaluate potential applications of the MWCNT-Ag modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode in environmental science. The benzene removal efficiency in natural water containing 10 mg L⁻¹ benzene yielded 77.9% at an applied potential of +2.0 V for 2 h using the MWCNT-Ag-GC electrode. In comparison, the removal efficiency reached only 8.0% with the bare GC electrode, showing the suitability of the MWCNT-Ag nanocomposite modified GC electrode for electro-oxidation of benzene in natural water.     

Flexible Luminescent Hydrogen-bonded Organic Framework for the Separation of Benzene and Cyclohexane

A nonplanar phenothiazine derivative with three cyano moieties (PTTCN) is designed and synthesized to achieve functional crystals for absorptive separation of benzene and cyclohexane. PTTCN can crystallize into two kinds of crystals with different fluorescence colors in different solvent systems. The molecules in two crystals are in different stereo isomeric forms of nitrogen, quasi axial (ax), and quasi equatorial (eq). The crystals with blue fluorescence in ax form may selectively adsorb benzene by a single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transformation, but separated benzene from a benzene/cyclohexane equimolar mixture with a low purity of 79.6%. Interestingly, PTTCN molecules with eq form and benzene co-assembled to construct a hydrogen-bonded framework (X-HOF-4) with S-type solvent channels and yellow-green fluorescence, and can release benzene to form nonporous guest-free crystal under heating. Such nonporous crystals strongly favor aromatic benzene over cyclohexane and may selectively reabsorb benzene from benzene/cyclohexane equimolar mixture to recover original framework, and the purity of benzene can reach ≈96.5% after release from framework. Moreover, reversible transformation between the nonporous crystals and the guest-containing crystals allows the material to be reused.