发泡剂对钼尾矿多孔陶瓷性能的影响

采用高温熔融直接发泡制备钼尾矿多孔陶瓷,通过研究不同发泡剂对钼尾矿多孔陶瓷材料性能的影响,确定最合理的发泡剂,研究了最合适的发泡剂对多孔陶瓷气孔率以及抗折抗压强度的影响。结果表明,SiC在体系中发泡性能最好,随着SiC含量的变化,钼尾矿多孔陶瓷气孔率和抗折强度均发生变化,当SiC含量为0.1wt%时,气孔率为81%,体积密度为0.4g/cm~3。显微结构表明孔结构基本上不连通分布均匀,为闭孔材料。     

废旧建筑玻璃制备泡沫玻璃的研究

利用废旧建筑玻璃为原料,以碳酸钙为发泡剂、硼酸为助溶剂,采用模压成型、高温发泡工艺成功制备出了泡沫玻璃,研究了发泡剂含量与发泡温度对泡沫玻璃的体积膨胀率、体积密度、气孔率、抗折强度等性能的影响.结果 表明:在800 ～840℃的发泡温度范围内,随发泡剂含量的增加,泡沫玻璃的体积膨胀率与气孔率先增大后降低,而体积密度和抗折强度先降低后增大,在发泡剂含量为3％,发泡温度在820℃时,泡沫玻璃综合性能良好,其体积膨胀率达476％,体积密度为0.21 g/cm3,气孔率达87.26％,抗折强度为(1.38 ±+0.15) MPa,孔径介于1.7 ～2.2 mm之间.     

凝胶注模-发泡法制备煤矸石多孔吸声材料的工艺研究

本文以煤矸石为基体组分，以十二烷基硫酸钠为发泡剂，以氯化铵为促凝剂，以硼砂为烧结助剂结合凝胶注模法及发泡法制备了多孔吸声材料，并研究了水固比、胶凝剂含量和烧结温度等因素对浆料黏度和多孔吸声材料显气孔率、吸声系数以及抗折强度的影响，最终制得显气孔率为49.54%、1 600 Hz频段吸声系数为0.953、抗折强度为2.67 MPa的多孔吸声材料。结果表明：水固比对浆料的黏度和多孔吸声材料显气孔率、吸声系数以及抗折强度都有显著影响；胶凝剂含量主要影响材料的显气孔率，进而影响材料的抗折强度；烧结温度主要影响材料的孔径分布，进而影响材料不同频段的吸声系数。水固比0.35、胶凝剂含量35%(质量分数)、烧结温度700℃为最佳制备工艺参数。     

长石发泡陶瓷的制备及性能

以长石为原料、SiC为发泡剂,经混料、压制成型、高温发泡等工序制备了长石发泡陶瓷,研究了发泡剂含量与发泡温度对长石发泡陶瓷的体积膨胀率、体积密度、气孔率和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在1160～1200℃的发泡温度范围内,随着发泡剂含量的增加,长石发泡陶瓷的体积膨胀率和气孔率都呈现先增大后减小的趋势,而体积密度和抗折强度则先减小后增大;在发泡剂含量为7%,发泡温度为1180℃时,可获得各项性能优异的发泡陶瓷,其体积膨胀率为258%、体积密度为0.38 g/cm~3、气孔率为78.86%、抗折强度可达3.3±0.26MPa。     

发泡剂含量和发泡温度对无碱玻璃纤维废丝制备泡沫玻璃的性能影响

以无碱玻璃纤维废丝为主要原料,SiC为发泡剂,用烧结发泡法制备了高强度低密度保温泡沫玻璃。研究了发泡剂含量及发泡温度对泡沫玻璃气孔率、孔结构、表观密度、抗压强度和导热率的影响。研究结果表明,随着发泡剂含量的增加,孔径逐渐增大,表观密度和抗压强度降低,过多的发泡剂会导致大气孔的出现;随着发泡温度的提高,泡沫玻璃的气孔逐渐增大,表观密度呈现下降趋势,当发泡温度过高会导致大孔和连通孔的出现;当发泡剂含量为3wt%,发泡温度为950℃,保温时间为30min时制得的泡沫玻璃综合性能最佳,表观密度为0.216g/cm~3,抗压强度为8MPa,抗折强度为4MPa,吸水率为0.28%,导热系数为0.061W/(m·k)。     

镍渣基泡沫玻璃的制备及其性能研究

以镍渣和废玻璃作为主要原料,使用Na2CO3为发泡剂,采用模具装填法来烧制泡沫玻璃.研究了镍渣的掺量、发泡剂掺量、发泡温度和发泡时间对泡沫玻璃的气孔结构和相关力学性能的影响.研究表明:镍渣掺量减少,Na2CO3掺量增加和发泡温度的升高,均会降低泡沫玻璃的体积密度,提高样品的平均气孔直径;镍渣掺量对泡沫玻璃的组成成分和晶体种类没有明显的影响;以20%镍渣和80%玻璃粉为主料,5%~7%Na2CO3为发泡剂,在发泡温度870 ℃下保温60 min,可以制备出气孔率为85.14%,体积密度为0.3715 g/cm3,抗折强度为2.062 MPa,平均气孔直径在3.13 mm的镍渣基泡沫玻璃.     

利用废旧CRT屏制备泡沫玻璃的工艺与性质研究

本文主要以废旧阴极射线管(CRT屏)为主要原料,利用烧结法制备出的泡沫玻璃是一种高性能无机建筑保温材料.配合料被预先压制成板块状,然后在发泡温度下进行烧成.研究了发泡剂碳粉的含量、发泡温度和发泡时间与其结构,及密度和抗折强度等性能的关系.研究分析表明,随碳粉含量和发泡温度的升高,泡沫玻璃的密度和抗折强度均呈现先降低后升高的趋势.在碳粉含量和发泡温度相同的条件下,发泡时间过短发泡不充分,气孔过小且分布不均匀,发泡时间过长会使部分气孔连通,产生超大不规则气孔,影响其力学性能.最佳生产工艺为:碳粉添加量0.5％,发泡温度850℃,发泡时间30 min.此时泡沫玻璃的密度为0.298 g/m3,抗折强度为3.4 MPa.     

高强度均匀泡沫玻璃制备

以废弃玻璃研磨的玻璃粉为主要原料,碳酸钙为发泡剂,利用碳酸钙高温分解产生的气体对熔体发泡来制备泡沫玻璃。研究了发泡温度﹑发泡剂含量和保温时间对泡沫玻璃结构和力学性能的影响。采用阿基米德浮力法﹑万能材料试验机﹑XRD﹑SEM等分析手段,对材料体积密度﹑气孔率﹑抗压强度进行了表征和分析。结果显示:碳酸钙含量越高,发泡时间越长,泡沫玻璃的气孔直径越大;碳酸钙含量越低,发泡玻璃气孔率越低﹑抗压强度越高。     

钼尾矿化学发泡法制备多孔陶瓷

为了资源化利用被废弃的钼尾矿,以陕南钼尾矿粉、石英粉、铝酸钙水泥为主要原料,双氧水为发泡剂,采用化学发泡-烧结法制备多孔陶瓷,主要研究了发泡剂添加量(外加,质量分数分别为1%、2%、3%、4%和5%)和烧结温度(分别为1 000、1 100℃)对多孔陶瓷显气孔率、体积密度、常温耐压强度和物相组成的影响。结果表明:1)随着双氧水添加量的增加,多孔陶瓷的显气孔率增大,体积密度和常温耐压强度减小。2)随着烧结温度的升高,多孔陶瓷的常温耐压强度明显增大。3)双氧水添加量为2%(w)、1 100℃煅烧制备的多孔陶瓷,其体积密度为0. 79 g·cm~(-3),显气孔率为69. 6%,耐压强度为0. 49 MPa;气孔大小一致,分布均匀,孔径300μm左右;主晶相为石英,次晶相为铝酸钙和氧化铝,并含少量钙长石。     

热处理温度对利用电解锰渣和页岩制备发泡陶瓷的影响

以贵州铜仁某厂电解锰渣和铜仁页岩为主要原料,SiC为高温发泡剂制备高温发泡陶瓷,研究了热处理温度对发泡陶瓷的膨胀率、体积密度、吸水率、气孔率及物相的影响。实验结果表明:电解锰渣的添加量为60%,页岩为20%,热处理温度为1170℃样品性能最佳,体积密度为0.33 g/cm~3,吸水率222.79%,气孔率为73.52%,厚度发泡率为118.15%,主晶相为辉石。研究发现配方中氧化铝和氧化硅的含量对发泡陶瓷的膨胀率和体积密度影响显著,氧化铝和氧化硅含量较低时能在较低温度下制得发泡陶瓷。研究为电解锰渣的资源化综合利用探索了一条新途径。     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

聚酰亚胺的合成法

本文评述了缩聚型聚酰亚胺的主要合成方法和近年来国际上在合成中所做的探索。