首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Conclusions  
1.  The expediency of hydraulic-fill grading of marshy coastal territories and city dumps for housing construction and recreation park and beach zones was proved practically.
2.  Underwater coastal borrow pits in the shallow-water zone can be used for direct dredging of soil.
3.  In the absence of sand borrow pits, fine-grained loamy sand soils can be used for hydraulic filling the construction sites.
4.  To operate dredges on large water areas under conditions of violent wind-wave action, it is necessary to work out a special works organization plan taking into account the preservation of supply lines, machines, and crew during a storm and under ice conditions in the winter.
5.  The possibility of using the ash of heat and power plants for engineering grading of a marshy territory for housing construction on a pile foundation was proved.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel’stvo, No. 9, pp. 29–33, September, 1997.  相似文献   

2.
1.  The plant manufacturer's power and efficiency guarantees are fulfilled.
2.  The power performance curves obtained for the hydraulic unit at four heads make it possible to select the makeup of operating units that will deliver maximum economy with the load distributed between the units.
3.  In operating the hydraulic units, special attention should be given to adjustment of the combiner curves in connection with the fact that its mismatch downgrades not only the economy of the hydraulic-turbine operation, but also the vibrational state of the hydraulic unit.
4.  Measurements of the vibration levels of the hydraulic units under several heads made it possible to determine the boundary line with respect to power over the entire range of operating heads.
Translated from Gidrotechnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 4, pp. 26–30, April, 1991.  相似文献   

3.
1.  The equipment of the Hoabinh hydroelectric plant operates in conformity with the specified parameters and ensures utilization of the installed capacity in the power system of North Vietnam. Further increase in the effectiveness of utilization of the plant capacity and of its specific share in the base portion of the load graph are determined by development of the transmission line system for supply to the consumers and the interconnection with the power system of central Vietnam.
2.  As a result of the investigations and the introduced measures for realization of the multistage personnel training system, safe and accident-free operation has been ensured for operation of the first units under conditions of combination with construction-erection work in the underground complex of the hydroelectric plant.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 6, pp. 45–48, June, 1991.  相似文献   

4.
1.  Provision for stability of slopes is one of the main problems in designing plains PSHS.
2.  The reasons for occurrence and a chain reaction of development of landslide phenomena on the south slope of the area of basic structures of the Zagorsk PSHS were peculiarities of its engineering-geological structure that were not properly taken into account in designing and carrying out construction work.
3.  For the purpose of stabilizing the landslide slope, a system of engineering measures was developed and implemented, including a change in the configuration and structure of the right-bank abutment of the upper-basin levee to the water intake, construction of a banquette, filling of a counterbanquette, draining of moraine loams, grading of the slope, surface water diversion, and monitoring of the state of the slope and elements of the antilandslide protection.
4.  Data from full-scale observatins indicate the effectiveness of the antilandslide measures that were performed and a state of the slope corresponding to criteria for the hydro development's safe operation.
5.  Innovative elements of the system of measures to stabilize the south landslide slope of the Zagorsk PSHS are:
–  the complex nature of measures, providing for the optimum set of criteria with respect to reliability, technological efficiency, construction time, and cost of adjusted expenditures;
–  minimization of one-time and total excavation for the banquette, providing for the least disruption of the slope in the process of construction;
–  draining of moraine loams, which has no known analog;
–  the use of an ejector unwatering system, which provides for minimum adjusted expenditures on construction and operation of the drainage system.
Deceased.  相似文献   

5.
1.  Modified wood is an effective substitute of the laminated wood lining of bearing bushings for vertical pump units.
2.  An investigation of modified wood showed that this material in some indices (friction coefficient and wear resistance) is better than laminated wood.
3.  Since there is no mass manufacture and centralized supply of modified wood, it is possible to create a technological department for its production.
4.  Organization of the department does not require capital expenditures and special accommodations.
5.  Machining of the wood is performed on ordinary metal-cutting machines with the use of the tools used when machining laminated woods.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 7, pp. 33–35, July, 1991.  相似文献   

6.
Conclusions  
1.  The water-power resources of small rivers in the Volga basin are significant: the economic potential of the WPR of these rivers is more than 20% of the production of electric power by the hydroelectric plants in the basin.
2.  Use of the water-power resources of the small rivers in the basin will create a significant nature-preserving effect: thus, the number of releases of polluting substances by thermal electric plants into the atmosphere will diminish by 92,100 tons/year, and the releases of polluted water by 11,100 tons/year.
3.  The production of electric power by hydroelectric plants on small rivers of the basin will increase the reliability of electric supply to rural consumers, owing to which shortages of electric power will be reduced by 13.1 million kWh/year.
4.  The effectiveness of capital expenditures for utilization of the WPR of the small rivers is rather high: considering the nature-preserving effect, the increase in reliability of electric supply, and an increase recreational potential, the payback time may be 5.8 years; this is significantly shorter than the operating period of the hydroelectric plants (30–40 years).
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 5, pp. 46–49, May, 1997.  相似文献   

7.
1.  The unique arch dam of the Chirkey hydroelectric power plant is operating under difficult conditions of high natural and excited seismicity under a geodynamic load from the left bank, which is not well defined. Reliable design solutions and the safety factor of the concrete have permitted its reliable operation to date.
2.  The rock mass enclosing the dam exhibits appreciably lower reliability. The clay interlayers contained in the rock and the pattern of dislocation lower the shear strength under the influence of saturation, changes in the upper-pool level, and repeated earthquakes. The safety of the hydraulic facility is determined by the stability of the laft-bank/dam/right-bank system under left-bank creep caused by the gravitational imbalance of the site.
3.  To retain the proper level of reliability and safety of the Chirkey hydroelectric power plant, it is necessary to perform check geomechanical calculations and organize state-of-art monitoring of geodynamic processes and an earthquake-forecasting service.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 5, pp. 30–35, May, 1994.  相似文献   

8.
1.  One of the new approaches to the use of wave power plants can be their use as a source of compressed air for operating a pneumatic breakwater.
2.  The use of wave power plants for protecting marine hydraulic structures from the effect of storm loads makes it possible to increase the cost effectiveness both of the WPPs themselves and of the hydraulic structures.
3.  A rough estimate of the cost of wave power plants shows their effectiveness as a source of electrical energy for remote regions of the USSR.
4.  The simplicity of the design of wave power plants enables organizing their mass production at shipyards or at the site of construction.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 2, pp. 7–10, February, 1992.  相似文献   

9.
Conclusions  
1.  Newly developed information-management systems should specify the existence of a single information space for the entire establishment, which encompasses both technology and administrative-economic activity.
2.  The core of the computerized portion of the system developed should be formulated on the basis of more expensive, but more reliable specialized computers.
3.  Automated support for analysis, assessment, and forecasting of activity both for the establishment on the whole, and also its individual structural parts or forms of production equipment is a promising trend in the development of information-management systems.
4.  Experience gained at the Zagorsk pumped-storage power plant relative to the loading of a generalplant information-management system based on an ACS TP indicates that modern software and hardware and methodological developments available in the field of information technology make it possible, even now, to implement the concept of an intelligent system for support of decision making as a higher level of organization of a single information space for optimal execution of the basic function of a power plant—the generation of electric power in conformity with the dispatchers curve.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 1, pp. 11–21, January, 1999.  相似文献   

10.
Conclusions  
1.  In designing heavy-duty high-head hydraulic facilities, where significant hydrodynamic effects on elements of the hydraulic facility should be expected during operation of dummy spillways and units, it is necessary to perform their dynamic calculation.
2.  The MARCHI-designed superstructure of the machine gallery at the Sayano-Shushenskoe hydroelectric power plant is subject to rather vigorous vibrations due, in particular, to the operation of the dam's spillways. Nontraditional structural solutions with respect to the installation of dynamic dampers, which may be adopted after appropriate computational and field investigations, are required for this structure to lower the swings of the oscillations.
3.  Development of maximum oscillations in strictly defined areas occurs not as a result of different stiffnesses of the components of the superstructure of the machine gallery at the Sayano-Shushenskoe hydroelectric plant or the stiffness of the reinforced-concrete unit blocks, but most likely due to the mutual effect of various elements of the hydraulic facility as sources of wave oscillations that develop due to the effect of hydrodynamic forces during idle discharges on the toe basin.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 9, pp. 63–66, September, 1998.  相似文献   

11.
1.  More than a decade of operation of water-cleaning machines with a conical net has demonstrated their good technical and economic characteristics as regards failure-free operation and water-cleaning performance.
2.  After a simple modification, the existing water-cleaning machines with a vertical axis of cone rotation can perform a fish-protecting function.
3.  For larger water consumers (such as water supply systems of thermal and nuclear power plants) machines with a horizontal cone rotation axis are recommended (so-called directflow water-cleaning machines). With some modernization of the flowthrough component, water offtake facilities can ensure bypass and survival of over 90% of young fish without building any expensive fish guard structures.
4.  Instead of fish guard facilities planned to be built at operating thermal and nuclear power plants, one should consider the possibility of removing the existing water-cleaning machines with flat nets and installing machines with conical nets.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 12, pp. 37–40, December, 1990.  相似文献   

12.
Conclusions  
1.  In the upper reservoir of the Zagorsk PSS there are standing waves of a complex frequency spectrum having a virtually undamped character.
2.  The excess of the level of the crest of the upper reservoir embankment of the PSS should be selected with consideration of not only waves caused by meteorological factors but also the presence of standing waves.
3.  The standard systems of measuring the upper pool level of the PSS should provide for averaging the measurements.
4.  To eliminate nonproductive water losses through leaks of the close gate apparatus of the PSS units and increased power losses in the SC regime, it is advisable to provide for the installation of preturbine gates at newly planned PSSs.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 39–42, October, 1999.  相似文献   

13.
Conclusions  
1.  Gidrospetsproekt should design the groundwater system.
2.  One contractor should drill the wells and operate the groundwater-lowering system.
3.  In connection with the geological conditions, the wells should be of very high quality, for which own enrichment of the filter material (sand of the blanket) and strict control during drilling the wells are necessary.
4.  It is efficient to drill the wells by a 1BA-15V rig with a tool with backwashing.
5.  With respect to piles of the penstock foundation: Drilling the holes for the piles should be done only with casings. To organize 24-h work for increasing productivity. Works on forming the pile heads should be done immediately after concreting the pile. The piles should be tested after each change in the geological conditions.
6.  With respect vertical drainage: the wells should be of high quality, with an enormous safety margin.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 29–33, October, 1999.  相似文献   

14.
1.  Sludge storage ponds can be located on any foundation soils, but economic calculations should be made for selecting the site.
2.  In the presence of seismic conditions, it is necessary to remove weak soils within the shoulder in order to provide its stability with a steepness of the downstream slope up to m=5. Other methods providing stability of the shoulder can also be used with appropriate technical and economic substantiation.
3.  The stability and possible liquefaction of soils of the shoulder should be determined only according to the guide Consideration of seismic loads when designing hydraulic structures, which is the only standard with respect to this problem.
4.  The size of the hydraulic-fill beach is determined on the basis of the particle-size distribution of the slurry.
5.  The permissible minimum width of the hydraulic-fill beach is determined on the basis of calculating the stability of the shoulder.
6.  It is necessary to recommend the construction of a siphon intake (discharge) located on the bank of the settling pool, which gives a more reliable and economical solution.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 12, pp. 53–55, December, 1991.  相似文献   

15.
Conclusions  
1.  When designing pipelines on collapsing soils it is necessary to take into account the most unfavorable conditions from the viewpoint of bending of the pipeline—settlement of the intermediate supports every other one, all even or all odd.
2.  In this case, if the amount of deflection of the penstock under load is less than the amount of settlement of the intermediate supports, it is necessary to take into account disconnection of the intermediate roller support from work.
3.  Control assembly of members of the assembly links during manufacture of the oversize penstocks as well as quality control of the welded joints during enlargement are necessary conditions for achieving a high quality and eliminating losses of time during assembly.
4.  To shorten the time of construction and assembly works, provided a thoroughly conducted geodetic survey, it is expedient to assemble the penstock from two sides—from the side of the water intake and from the side of the powerhouse.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 1, pp. 40–45, January, 1997.  相似文献   

16.
An analysis of the experience in the Soviet Union and in foreign countries with conveyor transportation in the mining industry, as well as with use of conveyors in hydraulic construction shows that the introduction of conveyor transportation in the field of construction of embankment dams in this country, for delivery of earth-rock material from quarries, as well as for carrying raw materials to concentrating plants processing nonmetallic minerals, will make it possible.
1)  To reduce substantially the personnel nees.
2)  To lower significantly the transportation costs for delivery of earth-rock materials to construction sites and to concentrating plants processing nonmetallic mateirals (rubble, gravel, and sand);
3)  To reduce the need for trucks, by replacing them with conveyors;
4)  To increase the rate of delivery of earth-rock materials from quarries for dam, construction and, consequently, to reduce the times of completion.
5)  To reduce the volume of housing, cultural-welfare, and auxiliary-subsidiary construction in owing to the lower needs for personnel in conveyor transportation;
6)  To eliminate the need for constructing a large number of roads with rigid pavements for large-capacity dump trucks;
7)  To raise the technical level of the earth-rock work.
  相似文献   

17.
1.  In certain cases of constructing dams salt-containing soils serve as their foundation.
2.  Under these conditions reliable operation of the structures can be provided only by developing special engineering measures to control dissolution.
3.  All existing methods of protecting saliferous foundation soils of hydraulic structures from dissolution can be divided into passive, active, and combined.
4.  The combined methods should be considered the most effective for preventing removal of salts from foundation soils by the seepage flow.
5.  Large-scale field investigations of the work of the combined method of protecting saliferous foundation soils of the planned Lower Kafirnigan hydro development showed its high effectiveness even in the case of complex engineering-geological conditions at the construction site.
6.  Individual elements of the set of dissolution protective measures investigated under field conditions can be used in hydrotechnical and hydropower construction practice.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 10–14, October, 1994.  相似文献   

18.
Conclusions  
1.  Russian hydropower engineering is a competitive branch of power engineering on the world market.
2.  The Russian Ministry of Fuel and Energy must create conditions for the formation and participation of domestic consortia in bids for turn-key delivery of equipment to Russian hydrostations, which will make it possible to reduce the cost, shorten construction time, improve quality, and ensure putting the units into operation on time, i.e., to use objective market mechanisms.
3.  On the initiative of the customer, certain conditions of storing, making up complete orders, delivery, and technology of installing equipment traditionally established between the customer and equipment suppliers should be revised by means of consortia for purposes of reducing costs and improving quality.
4.  One of the most important conditions for the successful work of the consortium is the clear-cut differentiation of responsibility between participants of the consortium.
5.  The date of synchronizing the unit should be taken as the date of reckoning the warranty period of the equipment.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 7–9, October, 1997.  相似文献   

19.
1.  The hydraulic projects awarded prizes by the Council of Ministers of the USSR in 1976 solve a set of critical national-economic problems and are distinguished by high cost effectiveness.
2.  Structures distinguished by originality and progressiveness of technical solutions, which ensure their reliable operation, have been constructed as the result of a set of scientific-research and design studies. This was made possible only by the close creative understanding and interaction between the scientific-research, planning, construction, and operating organizations.
3.  In building hydraulic structures, all the more attention is focused on industrial aesthetics. The architectural-planning solutions of the prizewinning projects are new, represent examples of the progressive development of industrial architecture, and have obtained widespread public recognition.
4.  The bold and economic solutions relative to the organization of the passage of flood waters over incomplete structures merit attention; this makes it possible to reduce the volumes of the enclosing foundation pits of the cofferdams, or eliminate them entirely.
5.  The experience gained with the design and construction of the prizewinning projects should be studied in detail and publicized for purposes of utilization in subsequent design and construction.
  相似文献   

20.
1.  The arch dam of the Khudoni hydrostation can be constructed by the continuous conveyor technology as enlarged blocks.
2.  The rate of concreting the dam for the proposed dimensions of the blocks and times of covering them can reach 200–250 m3/h.
3.  To attain the indicated rate of concreting, it is necessary to construct near the dam site a new concrete plant with facilities for cooling or heating the concrete mix.
Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 8, pp. 13–14, August, 1990.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号