安全轮胎与橡胶机械业(上)

首先对安全轮胎的概念给予清晰的介绍，然后从安全轮胎的发展初期开始，依次介绍了其中期及目前的发展状况。在初期和中期的介绍中，重点指出了几种主流轮胎的类型，特点及其研制厂家，而在目前状况的介绍中则侧重介绍商家的发展目的。最后，针对国际安全轮胎的发展情况，对我国安全轮胎业的发展进行了系统全面地介绍，客观地评价了我国安全轮胎的发展情况，并提出了展望。     

安全轮胎与橡胶机械业(下)

首先对安全轮胎的概念给予清晰的介绍，然后从安全轮胎的发展初期开始，依次介绍了其中期及目前的发展状况。在初期和中期的介绍中，重点指出了几种主流轮胎的类型、特点及其研制厂家，而在目前状况的介绍中则侧重介绍商家的发展目的。最后，针对国际安全轮胎的发展情况，对我国安全轮胎业的发展进行了系统全面地介绍，客观地评价了我国安全轮胎的发展情况，并提出了展望。     

钢包用定向型透气塞的开发和应用

本文叙述了先进定向型透气塞的开发和应用，介绍了试样试验的方法，设备和结果，还介绍了钢水渗透试验的条件，方法，结果，并详细探讨了钢水渗透的机理。介绍了定向透气塞工业应用的结果。     

挤出机冷却装置换热能力的设计计算

介绍了挤出机温度控制的重要性和控制方式，探讨了挤出机冷却装置的模型和换热模型，并介绍了常用挤出机冷却装置的结构，对其换热系数的计算进行了详细地介绍。     

二级采油技术

本文主要介绍了一种新型的二级采油技术，针对当前机械采油泵效普遍较低的现状，介绍了一种利用机械采油为基础，同时利用特殊的二级采油工具，充分利用了高油气比井的伴生气能量，实现机械采油与伴生气采油相互的采油方式，详细介绍了该采油技术的工艺原理，并介绍了该技术在文南油田的应用效果。     

UGNX2．0的用户界面定制技术

对UG／Open MenuScript的语法进行了详细的讲解，介绍了环境变量的设置使得用户进行的二次开发可用。简略介绍了UG／Open UIStyler，讲解了几个关键点，重点介绍了对话框的互调问题。最后介绍了使用UGNX2．0的用户界面定制技术步骤。     

氯氢DCS运行工程师操作总结

从工艺执行者角度，介绍了使用DCS控制系统的操作经验；结合工艺参数的性质，介绍了利用DCS系统有效控制的技巧，并介绍了有关DCS及仪表的相关知识。     

橡胶衬里及其在化工领域中的应用

介绍了衬里橡胶的种类，橡胶的化学稳定性，化工设备橡胶衬里的选择及衬胶前的处理，衬里橡胶的硫化方法，着重介绍了常压大型设备的衬胶及其热水硫化方法，还介绍了应用实例。     

聚丙烯的改性及其应用

介绍了近年来聚丙烯改性的研究发展状况，着重介绍了聚丙烯的物理改性，同时对改性聚丙烯复合材料的应用和发展前景作了介绍。     

锂离子电池及其材料

介绍了锂离子电池的基本原理及特点，锂离子电池的开发过程和制造过程，重点从锂离子电池的正极材料，负极材料，电解液，粘合剂，隔膜等组成部分从化工生产的角度介绍了锂离子电池。并简要介绍了锂离子电池及其材料在我国的发展现状，展望了其发展前景。     

手性药物的活性分析与生物转化

手性药物有着不同的药理活性,对人体产生各种生理效应,对其进行合理的分离纯化可以减小药物的毒副作用,增强药效,同时能够带来巨大的经济效益.手性药物的分离已成为当今新药开发的一个重要领域,积极寻找有效的分离方法是药物纯化分离的关键.利用生物手段对药物进行分离起源较晚,但由于其独特的优点,现今已经成为药物分离的热点.     

石墨烯修饰电极在药物分析中的应用

总结了近年来国内外的研究成果,分别从抗菌消炎类药物、解热镇痛类药物、神经系统类药物、心脑血管类药物、抗病毒类药物、维生素类药物等几方面综述了石墨烯修饰电极在药物分析中的最新研究进展。     

Macromolecular Conjugates of 4- and 8-Aminoquinoline Compounds

Some members of 4-aminoquinolines and 8-aminoquinolines have been found to provide adjuvant effects when used in combination with anti-cancer drugs. The clinical co-administration of active anti-cancer drugs with other drugs acting as potentiating agents has shown considerable merits when compared to a single-drug administration. Anti-cancer drugs are often toxic when delivered straight, but the bio-reversible drug conjugation of anticancer drugs to water-soluble macromolecular carriers has proved to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of anticancer drugs. Following facilitated pharmacokinetics pathways, the conjugates, acting as pro-drugs, will release the active drug species in the transformed target cells and their designs are geared towards reducing pharmacological barriers of toxicity, drug resistance and poor bioavailability encountered with currently used anti-cancer drugs. This paper describes the synthesis of water-soluble macromolecular carriers containing 4- and 8-aminoquinolines that are bio-reversibly anchored with cytotoxic drugs. The conjugates and co-conjugates are isolated as water soluble solids and characterized by NMR-spectroscopy.     

Silk Fibroin-Based Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

Silk fibroin (SF) is a protein-based biomacromolecule with excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and low immunogenicity. The development of SF-based nanoparticles for drug delivery have received considerable attention due to high binding capacity for various drugs, controlled drug release properties and mild preparation conditions. By adjusting the particle size, the chemical structure and properties, the modified or recombinant SF-based nanoparticles can be designed to improve the therapeutic efficiency of drugs encapsulated into these nanoparticles. Therefore, they can be used to deliver small molecule drugs (e.g., anti-cancer drugs), protein and growth factor drugs, gene drugs, etc. This paper reviews recent progress on SF-based nanoparticles, including chemical structure, properties, and preparation methods. In addition, the applications of SF-based nanoparticles as carriers for therapeutic drugs are also reviewed.     

生物技术在手性药物合成中的应用进展

药物分子的立体化学决定了其生物活性,手性已成为药物研究的一个关键因素,生物技术在手性药物合成中具有重要意义,利用酶催化的相关性质,通过酶拆分外消旋体、酶法不对称合成等方法合成手性药物,采用定向进化技术、酶分子修饰、辅酶再生等方法对手性药物合成方法进行改进,该文对近些年来生物技术在手性药物合成中的应用情况进行了综述。     

Drugs and Epigenetic Molecular Functions. A Pharmacological Data Scientometric Analysis

Interactions of drugs with the classical epigenetic mechanism of DNA methylation or histone modification are increasingly being elucidated mechanistically and used to develop novel classes of epigenetic therapeutics. A data science approach is used to synthesize current knowledge on the pharmacological implications of epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Computer-aided knowledge discovery for epigenetic implications of current approved or investigational drugs was performed by querying information from multiple publicly available gold-standard sources to (i) identify enzymes involved in classical epigenetic processes, (ii) screen original biomedical scientific publications including bibliometric analyses, (iii) identify drugs that interact with epigenetic enzymes, including their additional non-epigenetic targets, and (iv) analyze computational functional genomics of drugs with epigenetic interactions. PubMed database search yielded 3051 hits on epigenetics and drugs, starting in 1992 and peaking in 2016. Annual citations increased to a plateau in 2000 and show a downward trend since 2008. Approved and investigational drugs in the DrugBank database included 122 compounds that interacted with 68 unique epigenetic enzymes. Additional molecular functions modulated by these drugs included other enzyme interactions, whereas modulation of ion channels or G-protein-coupled receptors were underrepresented. Epigenetic interactions included (i) drug-induced modulation of DNA methylation, (ii) drug-induced modulation of histone conformations, and (iii) epigenetic modulation of drug effects by interference with pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics. Interactions of epigenetic molecular functions and drugs are mutual. Recent research activities on the discovery and development of novel epigenetic therapeutics have passed successfully, whereas epigenetic effects of non-epigenetic drugs or epigenetically induced changes in the targets of common drugs have not yet received the necessary systematic attention in the context of pharmacological plasticity.     

Polymers with platinum drugs and other macromolecular metal complexes for cancer treatment

Metal-based anticancer drugs, in particular platinum-drugs, have been investigated for the treatment of cancer for the last 40 years. A small set of platinum-based drugs have meanwhile received FDA approval for the treatment of various cancer. Cisplatin and its relatives are currently one of the most widely used anticancer drugs. The use is however associated with significant side effects and rising drug resistance. To combat these problems, drug delivery carriers have been developed to increase the protection of the drug and increase efficacy. Metal-based drugs represent a rather unique drug delivery challenge. Most anticancer drugs are either physically encapsulated into a polymer matrix or they can be conjugated to the polymer via a degradable linker. While both pathways are possible for metal-based drugs, the conjugation to the polymer can be carried via labile or permanent ligands. In addition, the prodrug strategy using the drug in the higher oxidation state is a common approach that has been widely tested for platinum drug. The delivery of platinum drugs is now a mature field and the various conjugation techniques have been combined with a range of drug carriers including dendrimers, micelles and solid polymer nanoparticles. Hybrids of macromolecular metal complexes with inorganic nanoparticles have been tested in recent years to combine the ability to deliver the drug with imaging properties. An emerging trend is the surface decoration of the polymeric nanoparticles with targeting ligands such as folates. The advanced state of this field is evident by the fact that some macromolecular platinum drugs even advanced to the clinic. While the delivery of platinum drugs has been well explored, the delivery of other metal-based drugs based on gold, ruthenium or cobalt is still in their infancy.     

仿制药品开发中的专利问题

专利保护期内药品仿制会遭遇知识产权问题,专利保护期届满药品即非专利药品仿制同样也需要回避专利侵权。在仿制所谓的“专利到期”药品前,依然应该对该品种的专利做系统调查,对原创公司的后续专利和其机构就该产品申请的相关专利技术内容以及权利要求进行认真分析,避免陷入专利纷争。以普伐他汀为例,介绍了专利调查情况。     

甲壳素及其衍生物在缓释药物中的应用

介绍了甲壳素及其衍生物制备缓释药物的常见方法以及影响药物释放速率的主要因素