图像容错技术研究

近年来,随着互联网及通信技术的飞速发展,数字图像等各种数据在网络中的传输更加广泛,人们对图像数据在网络中传输的鲁棒性的要求也越来越高,图像容错技术正是提高这一鲁棒性的重要手段之一.对容错相关技术进行了介绍,对现有图像容错方法进行了研究,分析了各种方法的优缺点.JPEG2000是一种新颖的图像压缩标准,分析了JP2文件及JPEG2000码流的结构特点,重点对各种基于JPEG2000标准的图像在网络传输中的容错算法进行了分析和比较,阐明各种算法的优缺点.     

基于行为序列分析的学习资源推荐算法研究

利用数据挖掘技术分析网络学习行为数据可以挖掘出其隐含的行为规律特征,为学习者提供个性化的学习资源服务。针对现有的数据挖掘算法在对网络学习行为数据进行分析时普遍存在模型适用性不高的问题,提出了一种基于行为序列分析的学习资源推荐算法。首先,提出行为序列及其相关概念的定义,并提出行为序列相似度计算方法;然后提出基于行为序列相似度的协同过滤推荐算法,计算学习者相似度并为待推荐学习者生成学习资源推荐列表;接着给出基于学习风格的推荐方法,将学习者学习风格特征融入推荐过程;最后,给出基于行为序列分析的学习资源推荐算法的模型。提出的算法没有对行为序列的模式进行限制,具有较高的适用性,对深入研究网络学习行为序列数据为学习者提供个性化学习服务具有一定的借鉴作用。     

基于自适应鲸鱼优化算法和容错邻域粗糙集的特征选择算法

针对传统鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)不能有效处理连续型数据、邻域粗糙集对噪声数据的容错性较差等问题,文中提出基于自适应WOA和容错邻域粗糙集的特征选择算法.首先,为了避免WOA过早陷入局部最优,基于迭代周期构建分段式动态惯性权重,改进WOA的收缩包围和螺旋捕食行为,设计自适应WOA.然后,为了解决邻域粗糙集对噪声数据缺乏容错性的问题,引入邻域内相同决策特征所占的比例,定义容错邻域上下近似集、容错近似精度和近似粗糙度、容错依赖度及容错近似条件熵.最后,基于容错邻域粗糙集构造适应度函数,使用自适应WOA,不断迭代以获取最优子群.高维数据集上采用费雪评分算法进行初步降维,降低算法的时间复杂度.在8个低维UCI数据集和6个高维基因数据集上的实验表明,文中算法可有效选择特征个数较少且分类精度较高的特征子集.     

基于Linux的RTP流检测识别算法研究

针对流媒体在网络转发环节识别准确率不高、转发速度慢的问题,通过对RTP协议包头的分析,提出了基于RTP协议“流特征”的分析、阈值判定和缓存回收相结合的优化算法,并在Linux系统内核的Netfilter框架下实现了RTP流的自动检测识别和快速转发.实验结果表明,与传统的RTP流识别算法相比,该算法提高了RTP流识别的准确率和容错性能,显著减少了RTP协议转发延迟,使RTP流的检测识别效率明显提高.     

流数据概念漂移的检测算法

鉴于流数据具有实时、连续、有序和无限等特点,使用近似方法便可检测连续分时段的流数据序列,基于此,运用目标分布数据,结合相似分布理论,提出了利用 Tr-OEM 算法对流数据中的概念漂移现象进行检测.该算法能够动态地判断流数据概念漂移的发生,自适应地优化概念漂移的检测值,适用于不同类型的流数据.通过分析和实验仿真可以表明,该算法在处理流数据概念漂移时具有较好的适应性.     

基于长度过滤和动态容错的SNM改进算法

数据仓库中相似重复记录的清洗对于数据质量影响很大,传统的基本邻近排序算法（Sorted-Neighborhood Method, SNM）时间效率和准确率均不高。针对SNM算法的缺陷,提出了一种基于长度过滤和动态容错的SNM改进算法。根据两条记录的长度比例和属性缺失情况,首先排除一部分不可能构成相似重复记录的数据,减少比较次数,提高检测效率;进一步提出了动态容错法,校准字段相似度评判结果,解决了因属性缺失而误判的问题,提高了准确率。针对实际数据集的实验分析表明,在相同的运算环境下,优化算法在准确率和时间效率上有明显优势。     

基于DenseNet和深度运动图的行为识别算法

结合深度信息以及RGB视频序列中丰富的纹理信息,提出了一种基于DenseNet和深度运动图像的人体行为识别算法。该算法基于DenseNet网络结构,首先获取彩色纹理信息和光流信息,然后从同步的深度视频序列获取深度信息,以增强特征互补性;再将空间流、时间流和深度流三种特征信息分别作为网络的输入;最后通过LSTMs进行特征融合和行为分类。实验结果表明,在公开的动作识别库UTD-MHAD数据集上,该算法识别准确率为92. 11%,与该领域中的同类算法相比表现优异。     

双容错数据布局构造方法研究

总结了磁盘阵列双容错编码的图表示法和双容错数据布局构造问题的研究成果,详细讨论分析了几种双容错数据布局构造方法:基于完全图的完全1-因子分解的方法、基于完全二部图的完全1-因子分解的方法和基于搜索、优化算法的方法.性能分析表明,基于完全图的完全1-因子分解的BG-HEDP布局,是一种综合性能非常好的布局.     

基于MapReduce的高效用序列模式挖掘算法

由于数据规模的快速增长,高效用序列模式挖掘算法效率严重下降.针对这种情况,提出基于MapReduce的高效用序列模式挖掘算法HusMaR.算法基于MapReduce框架,使用效用矩阵高效地生成候选项;使用随机映射策略均衡计算资源;使用基于领域的剪枝策略来防止组合爆炸.实验结果表明,在大规模数据集下,算法取得了较高的并行效率.     

基于分段模型的信源容错译码算法

针对无损信源编码存在误码扩散的问题,建立了以最大后验概率估计为基础的信源序列分段译码模型,设计了基于统计模型的容错译码算法。该算法充分利用了信源编码数据的残留冗余,较好地消除了无损压缩数据对误码的敏感性,为文本压缩数据的容错译码提供了新思路。实验结果表明,该算法具有纠正信源数据中误码的能力,能够显著减少信息损失。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。