有机氯系阻燃剂

本文是本刊阻燃剂和阻燃系列论文的第三篇，主要叙述了ＤｅｃｈｌｏｒｎａｎｅＰｌｕｓ及氯蜡－７０的制造，性能及应用，并各部分ＨＥＴ酸及其酸酐。论文重点是阻燃剂的性能、规格和很多新近发表的配方实例及阻燃材料的全面性能，对已见诸国内书刊和论文的资料则一概从略。     

无机磷系阻燃剂

无机磷系阻燃剂包括红磷（微胶囊化红磷）、聚磷酸铵、磷酸盐（如磷酸氢二铵、磷酸二氢铵、磷酸铵等）。介绍了红磷、聚磷酸铵、磷酸盐等无机阻燃剂的性质、生产过程、产品标准和用途等。概括了无机磷系阻燃剂生产、性能和阻燃应用研究情况。     

有机磷系阻燃剂——几种新型含卤磷酸酯

本文介绍几种在国外已商品化，但绝大多数在国内尚未工业化生产的含卤磷酸酯，它们是２，２－二甲基－３－溴丙基（β，β－二卤异丙基）磷酸酯，２．２－二溴甲基－３－氯丙基二（β，β－二氯异丙基）磷酸酯１，２－亚乙基四（β－氯乙基）二磷酸酯，１，２－二亚乙基四（β－氯异丙基）二磷酸酯及２，２－二氯甲基－１．３－一亚内基四（β－氯乙基）二磷酸酯，文中叙述了上述几种含卤磷酸酯的制法，性能及应用。     

无机锑系阻燃剂

无机锑系阻燃剂主要包括三氧化二锑、五氧化二锑溶胶和锑酸钠等。介绍了它们的性质、生产工艺、产品标准、阻燃用途和研发方向等。     

新型无卤阻燃剂及改性卤系阻燃剂

综述了新近国外研制的一些新型无卤阻燃剂及改性卤系阻燃剂，前者低烟、低毒，对环境友好；后者则能赋予被阻燃基材一些特殊性能。     

氮系阻燃剂

从阻燃机理与协同阻燃效果来看,氮系阻燃剂具有独特的优良阻燃性能,是目前值得重视开发的系列品种。本文还对典型的氮系阻燃剂品种作了介绍,并在橡胶、塑料、织物、涂料4大类阻燃材料中设计了11个应用品种,列举了应用实例。     

有机硅系阻燃剂和溴系阻燃剂在聚碳酸酯中的应用

聚碳酸酯的阻燃性能是其工业应用最重要的性能要求之一,本文详细分析了有机硅系阻燃剂、溴系阻燃剂阻燃聚碳酸酯的发展脉络及其特点。     

磷系阻燃剂的应用与展望

综述了磷系阻燃剂的种类,性质,阻燃机理及在高分子材料中的应用,并对其前景进行了展望。     

阻燃剂磷酸双酚A四苯酯（BAPP）的液相色谱分析

用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）分离阻燃剂磷酸双酚A四苯酯,液-质谱联用定性分析,面积归一化法定量。采用Spheri SorbC18／SiO2（粒径5μm,规格250mm×4．6mm）为色谱柱,以乙腈／四氢呋喃／0．04％磷酸水溶液（三者体积比为35：30：35）为流动相,流速0．8mL／min,乙腈的吸收波长为210nm,四氢呋喃吸收波长为280nm,样品BAPP分别在270nm、254nm波长下有两个吸收峰,通过对乙腈、四氢呋喃、BAPP紫外光谱的分析,选择测定波长254nm。该分析方法可以作为BAPP纯度的分析方法来表征所合成的产品质量,虽然双酚A组分相对偏差较大,基本能够满足控制分析方法的需要。     

有机阻燃剂最新进展

论述９０年代卤系阻燃剂领域内的关注热点和卤系、磷系、卤－磷系及膨胀型阻燃剂在近几年内的发展动态。     

日本非卤素阻燃剂发展动向

非卤阻燃是日本阻燃技术近年及今后的发展方向。介绍了非卤素阻燃剂在日本发展的现状 ,其中包括金属氢氧化物、聚硅氧烷系、红磷、有机磷、缩聚磷酸盐、磷 热膨胀性石墨、磷酸酯等以及其使用效果 ,并说明磷系阻燃剂是日本非卤化阻燃技术的开发重点     

Combustion properties of laminated veneer lumbers bonded with PVAc,PF adhesives and impregnated with some fire retardants

In this study, the effects of impregnation materials di‐ammonium phosphate, aluminium sulphate, potassium carbonate, calcium chloride, zinc chloride on combustion properties of 3 ply laminated veneer lumbers (LVL) produced from Walnut (Juglans regia L.) using phenol–formaldehyde (PF), poly (vinyl acetate) have been investigated. The pressure‐vacuum method was used for impregnation process. Combustion test was performed according to the procedure of ASTM‐E 69 standards. During the test, mass reduction, temperature and released gas (CO, NO_X, SO₂, O₂) were determined every 30 s. As a result, zinc chloride was found to be the most successful fire‐retardant chemical in LVL at PF adhesive. Since it diminishes combustion, the fire retardant of LVL produced from walnut using PF adhesive can be advised. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

塑料用阻燃剂技术发展方向

介绍了国内外塑料用阻燃剂种类及其技术发展方向。     

环保型阻燃剂的研究进展

本文介绍了阻燃剂的类型、性能特点以及阻燃机理,并探讨了环保型阻燃剂的发展方向。     

Properties of flat‐pressed wood plastic composites containing fire retardants

This study investigated physical, mechanical, and fire properties of the flat‐pressed wood plastic composites (WPCs) incorporated with various fire retardants (FRs) [5 or 15% by weight (wt)] at 50 wt % of the wood flour (WF). The WPC panels were made from dry‐blended WF, polypropylene (PP) with maleic anhydride‐grafted PP (2 wt %), and FR powder formulations using a conventional flat‐pressing process under laboratory conditions. The water resistance and strength values of the WPC panels were negatively affected by increasing the FR content as compared to the WPC panels without FR. The WPC panels incorporated with zinc borate (ZB) gave an overall best performance in both water resistance and strength values followed by the panels containing magnesium hydroxide (MH) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). For these three FR's, the best fire resistance as measured in the cone calorimeter was obtained with the 15 wt % APP treatment and then followed by 15 wt % ZB, or 15 wt % MH formulations. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Non-halogen-containing flame-retardant ethylene-propylene copolymer compositions for cable insulation with nitrogen- and sulfur-containing fire retardants

The effects of ammonium salts of sulfaminic acids, containing aliphatic and arylaliphatic hydrocarbon chains, respectively, in a combination with inorganic fire retardants and fillers, on the properties of ethylene-propylene copolymer compositions (EPCC) for cable insulation were studied. The additive action of the organic fire retardants and antimony oxide in a weight ratio of 3:1 was proved. EPCC indicated a limited oxygen index (LOI) of 37–39% and a diminished smoke release and belonged to UL class zero. The thermal destruction of the system consisting of a copolymer blend and fire retardant, as well as the individual organic and inorganic fire retardants, was studied using dynamic thermal analyses (DTA, TG, DTG). The combination of fire retardants caused a decrease of both the heat release and weight loss over the EPCC surface. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 581–588, 1997     

Effect of fire retardants on mechanical properties of a green bio-epoxy composite

To improve fire retardant behavior of bio-epoxy resin, composites were prepared with three fire retardants (FRs); ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum trihydrate, and magnesium hydroxide. Fractured surfaces of prepared composites were observed with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Tensile strength and Charpy toughness were evaluated and analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to determine the thermal stability. SEM analysis results revealed fractured surfaces were altered with addition of FRs. Adding FRs can be regarded as a decrease in tensile strength and toughness complemented by improved stiffness. ANOVA analysis showed FR/bio-resin composites have a statistically significant loss in tensile strength, stiffness, elongation, and Charpy toughness. The DSC results showed the glass transition temperature was not affected significantly by adding FRs and ranged from 66 to 69 °C. TGA showed the initial, midway, and maximum decomposition temperatures for composites and their ability to form improved ash yields compared to pure resin. Aluminum trihydrate and Mg(OH)₂ had higher T₅₀ suggesting an increase in thermal stability compared to pure bio-epoxy. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47398.     

钢结构防火涂料研究进展

钢结构防火涂料是防火涂料中的重要品种,国内外正开展广泛研究和推广应用。本文综述了钢结构防火涂料的分类及特点,论述了膨胀型钢结构防火涂料的组成、作用及阻燃机理。展望了钢结构防火涂料的发展前景,即开发涂层超薄、装饰性强、施工方便、防火性能高、应用范围广的超薄型的室外钢结构防火涂料和研制环保型水性钢结构防火涂料,以及结合新的合成技术,研制多功能钢结构防火涂料。