针状纳米晶复合SrM铁氧体的制备及磁性研究

采用柠檬酸法和EDTA-柠檬酸联合络合法分别制各球状和针状纳米晶复合SrM铁氧体.用透射电镜、X射线衍射仪和振动样品磁强计对合成样品的粒度及形貌、物相、磁学性能进行研究.结果表明:当煅烧温度为850℃时,样品为纯的肘型六角锶铁氧体,且矫顽力达到最大;当温度低于850℃时,样品存在复相,直接煅烧的样品为SrFe12O19/α-Fe2O3纳米复合相,通过自蔓延燃烧处理的样品为SrFe12O19/γ-Fe2O3的纳米复合相.在750℃时制得的样品与纯的M型六角锶铁氧体相比,剩余磁化强度和饱和磁化强度有所提高.通过加入EDTA使锶铁氧体的形貌发生改变,矫顽力得到提高,最终制得粒径为30 nm,长径比为5:1,内禀矫顽力、比饱和磁化强度与比剩余磁化强度分别为6198.3×79.6 A·m-1、71.5A.m2·kg-1和42.3 A·m2·Kg-1的针状纳米复合SrM铁氧体.     

稀土La^3＋离子取代对M型锶铁氧体的结构和磁性的影响

采用陶瓷工艺，制备了Sr1-xLaxFe12O19M型锶铁氧体，系统地研究了稀土La^3 取代Sr^2 对M型六角铁氧体的结构和磁性的影响，La^3 离子取代部分的Sr^2 离子能明显改善M型铁氧体的内禀磁性。     

磁铅石结构新钙系铁氧体的制备与磁性能

采用陶瓷法成功地制备了磁铅石结构新钙系铁氧体,利用X射线衍射分析仪(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM),振动样品磁强计(VSM)和B-H分析仪,对产物的晶型、结构、微观形貌和磁性能进行研究。结果表明,Ca2+-La3+-Co2+联合取代可以显著提高磁铅石结构铁氧体的磁性能。与镧钴锶铁氧体相比,剩磁、磁感应矫顽力、内禀矫顽力和最大磁能积均有明显的提高。这种烧结磁体变小、变薄后,仍能保持高的剩余磁通密度。     

微波辅助溶胶-凝胶法合成纳米晶锶铁氧体及其磁性能

利用微波辅助溶胶-凝胶法合成了M型SrFe12O19纳米晶铁氧体。借助XRD、SEM和VSM等技术,对合成纳米晶的物相、微观结构及其磁性能进行了研究。结果表明,当煅烧温度为900℃以上时,M型SrFe12O19微粒保持为单一的六方磁铅石型结构;温度在1100℃时,得到平均晶粒100～150nm的六角型锶铁氧体;温度为800℃时,其矫顽力达到最大为HC=399.78kA/m,比饱和磁化强度为σs=57.97A·m2·kg-1。     

Co1-xNixFe2O4／SiO2纳米复合材料的磁性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Co1-xNixFe2O4/SiO2(0≤x≤1.0)纳米复合材料.利用XRD,TEM,振动样品磁强计(VSM)和M(o)ssbauer谱测试了900℃热处理样品的结构,晶粒尺寸和磁性.结果表明,样品中Co1-xNixFe2O4铁氧体的平均晶粒尺寸在15-20 nm之间,Ni2+的掺杂引起CoFe2O4晶胞体积减小.VSM结果表明,随Ni2+含量的增加,样品的比饱和磁化强度和矫顽力变小.M(o)ssbauer谱表明,室温下各样品均处于磁有序状态,样品的内磁场随N2+含量的增加而变小.     

锶铁氧体微管的制备及镧掺杂对其性能的影响

以Fe(NO3)3·9H2O和Sr(NO3)2为原料在水溶液中形成溶胶,以脱脂棉为模板使溶胶在脱脂棉表面形成凝胶,煅烧后得到了SrFe12O19微管,并对锶铁氧体进行La掺杂制得磁学性能优良的SrLaxFe12-xO19(x=0～0.3)。采用XRD,SEM和VSM对样品的结构、形貌及磁性能进行了表征。结果表明:制备的La掺杂锶铁氧体基本保留了棉花纤维的生物形态,其外径在8～13μm之间,壁厚在0.5～1μm之间。当煅烧温度确定时,随着x值的增大,样品的矫顽力和饱和磁化强度先增加后减小,但饱和磁化强度的变化滞后于矫顽力。     

纳米钡铁氧体的制备与磁性研究

采用溶胶凝胶法在不同pH值和煅烧温度条件下制备了M型纳米钡铁氧体样品,利用X射线衍射、场发射扫描电镜以及振动样品磁强计研究了溶液pH值和煅烧温度对纳米钡铁氧体的微结构和磁性能的影响.实验结果表明:溶液pH值及煅烧温度对钡铁氧体的相结构和磁性能都有很大影响.当溶液pH值在3以上时,有利于BaFe12O19相的形成,纳米钡铁氧体的晶粒尺寸约50 nm,饱和磁化强度Ms和矫顽力Hc在pH=7时达到最高.对于pH=7的样品,在700℃左右开始有BaFe12O19相形成,同时伴有较多量的α-Fe2O3和少量的BaFe2O4与BaCO3杂相.随着温度的升高,BaFe12O19主相不断形成积累,杂相逐渐减少,当煅烧温度为800℃时,样品基本上为纯BaFe12O19相,经900℃热处理后样品磁性能最佳:饱和磁化强度达到Ms=61.6(A·m2)/kg,矫顽力为Hc=4.56×105A/m.     

SrFe12-xAlxO19纳米颗粒溶胶-凝胶法制备及其磁性能研究

利用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备M型锶铁氧体SrFe12-xAlxO19(0＜x＜2.5)纳米粉体,同时利用X射线衍射(XRD)以及振动样品磁强计(VSM)对制各的各种样品的结构以及磁性能进行研究.大量的实验结果表明,Al2 离子可以进入到锶铁氧体次晶格来替代Fe3 ,纳米锶铁氧体仍保持磁铅石相结构.VSM研究结果显示M型锶铁氧体SrFe12-xAlxO19(0＜x＜2.5)样品的饱和磁化强度Ms和剩余磁化强度Mr随掺杂量x的增加基本呈线性降低关系,Ms从x=0的63.5(A·m2)/kg下降至x=2.5的23.8(A·m2)/kg.样品的矫顽力Hc随Al掺杂量x的增加总体呈增加趋势,当x=1.5时Hc达到最大约7.8×104A/m.     

退火温度对钴铁氧体薄膜结构和性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法结合匀胶旋涂工艺在复合基片(Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si)上制备了钴铁氧体(CoFe2O4)薄膜,利用XRD、SEM、VSM分析了薄膜的微结构以及磁性能,研究了不同退火温度对钴铁氧体薄膜的结构和磁性能的影响.结果表明,钴铁氧体在500℃时开始形成尖晶石相.随着退火温度的增高,钴铁氧体晶粒逐渐长大,饱和磁化...     

溶胶-凝胶法制备SmZn掺杂纳米钡铁氧体磁性能

以柠檬酸为络合剂,利用溶胶-凝胶自蔓延燃烧法制备Sm及SmZn掺杂的M型纳米钡铁氧体(Ba1-xSmxFe12O19及Ba1-xSmxFe12-xZnxO19,x=0～0.6)粉末样品,进而利用X射线衍射仪对所制钡铁氧体样品的结构进行表征、分析。结果显示,钡铁氧体的物相组成与掺杂含量关系密切:当掺杂量x超过0.2时,在制备的样品中会出现α-Fe2O3及SmFeO3等杂相,对样品的磁性能产生不利的影响。由于受到超精细场、磁稀释及自旋倾斜的影响,掺杂Sm3+后,钡铁氧体的饱和磁化强度(Ms)先增大后减小,而矫顽力(Hc)则随着掺杂含量的增加而增大。掺杂Zn2+后,磁性能的研究结论显示Zn2+替代4f2晶位的Fe3+,使制备的钡铁氧体的Ms有所升高,而Hc下降。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.