基于响应面的桥梁有限元模型修正

采用试验设计和回归分析方法,以显式的响应面模型逼近特征量与设计参数间复杂的隐式函数关系,得到简化的结构模型(Meta-model),给出有限元模型修正过程。针对复杂的土木工程结构,讨论样本选择、修正参数选取以及如何从众多因素中较合理地建立结构的响应面模型。用数值模拟算例和六跨连续梁桥环境振动试验结果,实现基于响应面模型的土木工程结构有限元模型修正,并与传统的基于灵敏度方法直接对结构有限元模型修正结果进行比较。结果表明,基于响应面方法的有限元模型修正和验证,能显著提高修正的效率,修正过程计算简洁、迭代收敛快,避开每次迭代都需要进行有限元计算,易于工程实际应用。     

Local finite element model updating with forced vibration measurements

Finite element (FE) model updating based on the method of selective sensitivity analysis is applied to a girder bridge. The response patterns are chosen in accordance with the selective sensitivity criteria and result in a set of four independent local girder bridge response patterns. The excitation of these patterns is conducted with a four-shaker system. This effectively reduces the degrees of freedom of the corresponding FE model from 486 to 7. Excitations and responses are measured at three nodes of each selective sensitive pattern. Local finite element model updating is conducted by minimising the influence of the rest of the structure and by maximising the relative sensitivities with the inclusion of the fourth shaker. This excitation is shown to be model independent; therefore, updating is separated from the measurement process. An independent verification shows the ability of the proposed method to identify submodel parameters. The sensitivities of the accelerometers used were very small, which impacted the data quality. Updating results are discussed considering these limits.     

藏式山地结构有限元模型修正及动力可靠度分析#br#

布达拉宫建筑群山地结构众多,其与平地结构在地震作用下的动力可靠度差异较大。对布达拉宫内典型藏式山地结构占堆康进行基于环境振动的动力特性测试,分析基础约束刚度 频率敏感域曲线,应用实测结果修正有限元模型。基于首超准则及泊松跨越假定提出改进的动力可靠度解法,将占堆康视为串联体系得到其体系可靠度,并得到基础约束刚度的变化对动力可靠度的影响规律。结果表明：动力测试结果为有限元模型的修正提供依据,藏式山地结构的基础约束刚度对结构基频影响显著,且存在敏感影响域。运用基于首超准则改进的动力可靠度方法计算动力可靠度时应合理估计基础约束刚度。     

Response surface‐based finite‐element model updating of a historic masonry minaret for operational modal analysis

This study aimed to use the response surface (RS) method for finite element (FE) model updating, using operational modal analysis (OMA). The RS method was utilized to achieve better agreement between the numerical and field‐measured structure response. The OMA technique for the field study was utilized to obtain modal parameters of the selected historic masonry minaret. The natural frequencies and mode shapes were experimentally determined by the enhanced frequency domain decomposition (EFDD) method. The optimum results between the experimental and numerical analyses were found by using the optimization method. The central composite design was used to construct the design of experiments, and the genetic aggregation approach was performed to generate the RS models. After obtaining the RS models, an attempt was made to converge the natural frequency values corresponding to the five‐mode shapes with the frequency values identified by the experimental analysis. ANSYS software was used to perform 3D finite element (FE) modeling of the historic masonry minaret and to numerically identify the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the minaret. The results of the experimental, initial, and updated FE model were compared with each other. Significant differences can be seen when comparing the experimental and analytical results with the initial conditions.     

Finite element model updating of a large structure using multi-setup stochastic subspace identification method and bees optimization algorithm

In the present contribution, operational modal analysis in conjunction with bees optimization algorithm are utilized to update the finite element model of a solar power plant structure. The physical parameters which required to be updated are uncertain parameters including geometry, material properties and boundary conditions of the aforementioned structure. To determine these uncertain parameters, local and global sensitivity analyses are performed to increase the solution accuracy. An objective function is determined using the sum of the squared errors between the natural frequencies calculated by finite element method and operational modal analysis, which is optimized using bees optimization algorithm. The natural frequencies of the solar power plant structure are estimated by multi-setup stochastic subspace identification method which is considered as a strong and efficient method in operational modal analysis. The proposed algorithm is efficiently implemented on the solar power plant structure located in Shahid Chamran university of Ahvaz, Iran, to update parameters of its finite element model. Moreover, computed natural frequencies by numerical method are compared with those of the operational modal analysis. The results indicate that, bees optimization algorithm leads accurate results with fast convergence.     

Dynamic test and finite element model updating of bridge structures based on ambient vibration

The dynamic characteristics of bridge structures are the basis of structural dynamic response and seismic analysis, and are also an important target of health condition monitoring. In this paper, a three-dimensional finite-element model is first established for a highway bridge over a railroad on No.312 National Highway. Based on design drawings, the dynamic characteristics of the bridge are studied using finite element analysis and ambient vibration measurements. Thus, a set of data is selected based on sensitivity analysis and optimization theory; the finite element model of the bridge is updated. The numerical and experimental results show that the updated method is more simple and effective, the updated finite element model can reflect the dynamic characteristics of the bridge better, and it can be used to predict the dynamic response under complex external forces. It is also helpful for further damage identification and health condition monitoring. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Urban Science Edition), 2006, 23(4): 57–60 [译自: 华 中科技大学学报(城市科学版)]     

Effects of model updating on the estimation of stochastic seismic response of a concrete-filled steel tubular arch bridge

The objectives of this paper are to integrate the structural health monitoring (SHM) technique with the structural seismic analysis, and to make the SHM technique serve, benefit and promote the structural seismic analysis integrally. Therefore, considering a concrete-filled steel tubular arch bridge structure, the SHM technique is used to calibrate the finite element (FE) model through the model-updating scheme to minimise the structural response differences caused by FE model errors. Effects of model updating on structural seismic responses are investigated using the stochastic vibration analysis approach. It is observed that effects of model updating are significant on structural seismic responses, and these effects may become more evident in structural nonlinear dynamic analysis. Hence, it is of prime importance to calibrate the FE models through the SHM technique for seismic evaluations of some operational critical structures.     

结构有限元模型修正的灵敏度分析方法

文章简要介绍了结构有限元修正的灵敏度分析方法的基本原理、研究现状及现存的问题,并对若干改进算法和发展方向进行了展望。     

Structural parameter identification and damage detection for a steel structure using a two-stage finite element model updating method

A two-stage eigensensitivity-based finite element (FE) model updating procedure is developed for structural parameter identification and damage detection for the IASC-ASCE structural health monitoring benchmark steel structure on the basis of ambient vibration measurements. In the first stage, both the weighted least squares and Bayesian estimation methods are adopted for the identification of the connection stiffness of beam-column joints and Young’s modulus of the structure; then the damage detection is conducted via the FE model updating procedure for detecting damaged braces with different damage patterns of the structure. Comparisons between the FE model updated results and the experimental data show that the eigensensitivity-based FE model updating procedure is an effective tool for structural parameter identification and damage detection for steel frame structures.     

电机试验平台有限元模态分析

运用ANSYS建立某陀螺稳定平台的三维实体模型,进行合理简化后,建立该平台的有限元模型,采用有限元数值计算方法,计算得到该平台前六阶模态的频率及振型,各阶模态的频率均满足要求,并提出了改善该平台结构动态性能的措施。     

基于二阶泰勒级数展开和风驱动优化算法的结构有限元模型修正

为得到结构响应与修正参数之间的函数关系、简化参数迭代过程，通过推导结构响应关于修正参数的一阶与二阶泰勒级数展开，并选用具有寻优效率高、全局搜索能力强的风驱动优化算法，建立了基于二阶泰勒级数展开和风驱动优化算法的结构有限元模型修正方法。同时，为求解响应关于修正参数的二阶泰勒级数展开，采用差分法近似求得响应关于修正参数的一阶和二阶偏导数。利用该方法对算例模型进行了修正，并对比了一阶和二阶泰勒级数展开的修正效果。结果表明：二阶泰勒级数展开的修正效果明显优于一阶泰勒级数展开，增加二阶偏导数项可以更好地反映响应与修正参数之间的函数关系。基于该方法，采用实桥的静动力测试数据对青林湾大桥的有限元模型进行了修正，修正后的有限元模型能够较好地反映大桥的实际状况。     

铁路桥变形吸收带有限元分析

对采动区受地表移动影响的铁路桥涵设置柔性材料进行了有限元分析，得到了在框架桥设置橡胶材料变形吸收带可以有效改善采动地表变形引起的附加作用的结论。     

曲线梁桥温度梯度效应的有限元分析

在流动坐标系下，考虑到平面假定，利用能量原理将温度梯度效应转换成曲梁单元的等效节点力，提出了一种适用于有限元法的曲线粱温度梯度效应分析方法，通过算例证明了该方法具有满意的计算精度。     

拱桥施工过程的有限元分析

用有限元方法对某拱桥施工过程中的拱架承载力及拱架倒拆进行了分析计算,并根据计算结果提出了建议及改进方法,供类似工程参考借鉴。     

Damage identification of a large-span concrete cable-stayed bridge based on genetic algorithm

The global stability of a structure, the stiffness of its main girder and concrete tower, and the variation of the forces of its stay cables are key issues to the safety assessment of an in-service cable-stayed bridge. The efficiency and rationality of local elaborate non-damage-identification could be enhanced by the primary damage identification of cable-stayed bridges on the basis of periodic detection of the cable force and strain monitor in key sections of the main girder. The genetic algorithms of damage identification for cable-stayed bridges were investigated in this paper on the basis of the monitor data of the cable force and strain in a key section of the main girder. A damage detection program for complex civil structure was generated to implement the identification of damage location and extent. The deterioration of the structure was calculated according to the variation of monitor data. It is demonstrated that the results of damage identification from the parametric finite element method are accurate. The method had been verified using a long-span concrete cable-stayed bridge in Ningbo, which has been in use for the past four years. Translated from China Civil Engineering Journal, 2006, 39(5): 85–89 [译自: 土木工程学报]     

人行斜拉桥结构有限元分析

通过对人行斜拉桥进行索力测试,并结合有限元模型对比索力变化情况下结构的响应情况,得出索力变化对结构静力及动力响应的影响,通过快速测定索力并进行有限元计算,进而判定桥梁运营状态。     

基于全局敏感性的模型更新混合模拟方法

针对混合模拟中数值结构本构参数不确定性,提出了基于Sobol全局敏感性分析的模型更新混合模拟方法,以试验子结构作为参数更新的对比目标.建立常见的钢框架与钢筋混凝土框架模型,推导出其独立本构参数作为更新对象,获得各个参数在地震作用全过程中全局灵敏度系数变化关系,据此进行了参数筛选,制定了核心参数更新与全参数更新两种更新策...     

超高耸钢结构的模态参数识别及模型修正

广州新电视塔(GNTVT)是一座高度为610 m的超高层柔性钢结构，很有必要对其进行健康监测。应用多参考点稳定图算法(M-NExT/ERA)、数据驱动随机子空间识别法(SSI/Data)和增强频域分解法(EFDD)，依据GNTVT Benchmark提供的结构振动数据识别广州新电视塔的模态参数，以掌握其动态特性；利用ANSYS建立GNTVT的有限元模型，根据识别得到的实测模态参数，结合遗传算法对GNTVT初始有限元模型进行参数修正，使有限元模型得以正确反映真实结构的动态特性，以供后续健康监测研究之用。     

遗传算法在钢结构截面优化设计中的应用

将遗传算法应用于钢结构截面优化设计问题的求解;并在此基础上建立了钢结构截面优化数学模型库,通过调用不同的钢结构截面数学模型,可方便地对各种钢结构截面进行优化设计.算例结果表明,该优化算法用于钢结构截面优化设计是有效可行的.