MZI-based wavelength interrogation system with tunable-FBG

We proposed a scheme of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor interrogation system based on all fiber Mach-Zehnder Interfer- ometer (MZI) edge filter and tunable-FBG. The equal power signals from FBG sensor and tunable FBG are coupled into port 1 and port 2 of MZI respectively. The experimental results show that the interrogation precision of the proposed system is 0.02 nm in a range of 1nm. Furthermore, the precision can be improved by adjusting the two interference arms of the filter.     

Fire Detection Method Based on Identical Fiber Bragg Grating

Wavelength division multiplex has obvious advantages when it is used in fiber Bragg grating （FBG） sensing for simultaneous measurement of various quantities, but the number of sensors is usually restricted by the bandwidth of SLED and demodulator. The identical fiber Bragg grating is introduced for fire alarm system and the method of collecting signal of identical FBG sensors is described. The experiment result shows that with identical FBG sensing. The number of the sensors coupled in one fiber increases greatly and the precision can be ensured to meet the requirement for fire alarm system.     

Modeling and performance analysis of a fiber Bragg gratinginterrogation system using an acousto-optic tunable filter

The performance of a fiber grating interrogation system using an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is analyzed. An equivalent linear circuit is presented to describe the system, which tracks the wavelength of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor in a FBG sensor array. From the model, the tracking resolution of a shot-noise-limited system has been determined for both transmissive and reflective interrogation of FBGs. An optimum ratio between the bandwidths of the FBG and the AOTF has been derived. Experimental results of a tracking system are presented to validate the theoretical predictions. The theory should also be suitable for interrogation systems using other forms of tunable bandpass filters for tracking the FBG wavelength     

光纤光栅毛细钢管封装工艺及其传感特性研究

提出了一种光纤光栅 (FBG)的毛细钢管封装工艺 ,并通过材料试验和水浴法试验对其应变与温度传感特性进行了研究。与裸光纤光栅的测试结果比较表明 ,毛细钢管封装工艺基本不改变光纤光栅的应变传感特性 ,但是温度灵敏度系数提高了约 2 5倍。经过该工艺封装的光纤光栅可以探测识别 1με与 0 .0 5℃的应变与温度变化。     

基于可调谐FP滤波器的光纤光栅解调系统

为了进一步提高光纤光栅解调系统的性能,提出和研究了一种新颖的基于可调谐F-P(Fabry-Perot)滤波器的光纤光栅解调技术,并以此为基础构建了探测系统。系统使用一个固定波长的参考光纤光栅作为波长参考元件,通过对传感光纤光栅与参考光纤光栅的波长测量与差值运算,消除了可调谐FP滤波器腔长漂移对测量精度的影响。给出压电陶瓷电压对应的伸长量,有效地减小了压电陶瓷非线性对测量的影响,提高了光纤光栅波长的测量精度。在测量范围内,最大非线性偏差为0.5%。     

一种基于掺铒光纤光栅环的微波光子滤波器

在深入研究掺铒光纤和光纤光栅的基础上, 提出了一种基于掺铒光纤光栅环的微波光子滤波器结构模型。根据信号流程图得到了该微波光子滤波器的传输函数, 讨论了光纤耦合器的耦合系数、掺铒光纤增益、光纤光栅反射率和光纤环长对系统传输性能的影响。通过理论计算和仿真分析可知, 在光纤耦合器的耦合系数为0.5、掺铒光纤增益为2、光纤光栅反射率为1时, 得到的微波光子滤波器的滤波效果最好。     

基于级联长周期光纤光栅的光纤布拉格光栅振动传感器的动态解调

提出一种基于级联长周期光纤光栅(CLPG)的光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)振动传感器动态解调方法。宽带光源发出的光经FBG反射后,进入到CLPG,经过CLPG调制后FBG反射光强会发生变化。通过温度测量实验对监测系统进行静态标定,再将FBG传感器粘贴于铝板表面,采用该系统监测简支铝板结构在低频和高频下的振动信号。系统采集到的动态信号时域波形及频谱与涡电流位移计的测量结果相吻合,表明该监测系统可实现2kHz以下的动态信号测量。     

基于FBG传感系统的可调光滤波器非线性研究

采用光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感系统研究压电陶瓷(PZT)驱动法布里-珀罗(F-P)型可调谐光滤波器(TOF)的非线性特性。基于多光束干涉理论建立了TOF的非线性模型,推导了透射带波长和自由光谱范围(FSR)对驱动电压的非线性响应;基于FBG传感系统测试了F-P型TOF的波长非线性,并采用多项式拟合对其进行描述,实测F-P型TOF波长的非线性误差最大为1.006 nm;基于F-P型TOF的非线性模型,研究了其波长定位误差,并提出采用参考光栅的方法降低波长定位误差。实验表明,F-P型TOF的波长随机误差可由73～81 pm降至12 pm以下。     

一种基于掺铒光纤光栅环的微波光子滤波器

在深入研究掺铒光纤和光纤光栅的基础上,提出了一种基于掺铒光纤光栅环的微波光子滤波器结构模型。根据信号流程图得到了该微波光子滤波器的传输函数,讨论了光纤耦合器的耦合系数、掺铒光纤增益、光纤光栅反射率和光纤环长对系统传输性能的影响。通过理论计算和仿真分析可知,在光纤耦合器的耦合系数为0.5、掺铒光纤增益为2、光纤光栅反射率为1时,得到的微波光子滤波器的滤波效果最好。     

基于LPFG滤噪和混合放大的长距离FBG传感器系统

设计的基于长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)滤噪和掺Er光纤(EDF)/喇曼混合放大的长距离光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感器系统,不但优化了系统的信噪比(SNR),而且使传感距离提高到50 km.该系统以高功率扫描激光器作为传感光源和解调系统,加入的LPFG减小了双向喇曼放大的自发辐射(ASE)噪声和FBG后向反射噪声,同时双环形器的EDF结构利用剩余的泵浦功率产生ASE光和放大传感信号,为后端FBG提供了光源以及提高了后端FBG的SNR.带LPFG的混合放大与EDF/喇漫混合放大相比,实验表明,FBG 1和FBG 2的SNR分别提高了4.40 dB和4.38 dB,而且分布在50 km光纤上的4个FBG均获得了大于15 dB的SNR.     

应用在油气管线的光纤光栅温度压力传感系统

为了提高光纤光栅的温度和压力灵敏度系数以满足实用化对灵敏度精度的要求,对光纤光栅进行封装设计。得到封装后的光纤光栅温度和压力灵敏度系数分别为0.052nm/℃和0.8208nm/MPa,分别为裸光栅的5倍和273倍,且传感器的温度和压力响应与光栅反射波长成良好的线性关系。通过半个月的油气管线现场实验,测得光纤光栅温度压力传感器与油气管线的电类传感器的测量值符合得特别好,该温度和压力传感系统满足了温度和压力的实时测量。     

Gain clamping in L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier using a fiberBragg grating

A gain-clamping technique for the long wavelength band (L-band) erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is presented. It uses a single fiber Bragg grating (FBG) on the input side of erbium-doped fiber (EDF) to inject a portion of backward conventional band (C-band) amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) back into the system. The use of a narrow-band (NB) FBG has shown a better performance in clamped-gain level and noise figure compared to a broad-band FBG. The amplifier gain for the NB FBG set up is clamped at 15.4 dB with a variation of less than 0.3 dB for an input power as high as 0 dBm     

一种光纤布拉格光栅动态解调系统的研究

设计并实现了一种基于长周期光栅边缘滤波特性解调光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)的动态应变检测系统。研究了当试件加载垂直周期力时FBG受到的动态响应特性。将FBG作为传感元件, 利用长周期光栅(LPFG)边缘滤波特性对光强调制, 长周期光栅的透射光信号经光电转换获得电压信号, 通过数采卡与LabView软件设计结合由计算机采集。根据试验结果, 获取信号的时域波形图并进行频谱分析。结果表明, 该系统采集的信号能够较好地反映施加振动载荷的频谱特征, 并实现了3 kHz频率以下的动态应变测量, 波长分辨极限达到0.004 nm。     

基于线型腔拉曼光纤激光器的长距离光纤布拉格光栅传感

提出了一种基于线型腔拉曼光纤激光器的长距离分布式光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感解调系统,并进行了理论分析和实验验证。传感光纤布拉格光栅构成拉曼光纤激光器腔镜的一端,受一维调节器调节控制的匹配光纤布拉格光栅构成腔镜的另一端。一维调节器与步进电机相连,步进电机由计算机(PC)通过可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)进行控制,一维调节器通过调节匹配光纤布拉格光栅的周期来控制激光器的输出。实验结果表明,传感解调系统能很好地实现长距离分布式传感及传感信号的检测。30 km非归零色散位移光纤(NZDSF)用于拉曼增益可以产生信噪比大于40 dB的稳定拉曼激光输出,在4.2 nm范围内系统解调精度为0.05 nm。     

Characterizing Fiber Bragg Grating Index Profiles to Improve the Writing Process

We demonstrate an accurate method for identifying both systematic and random errors in a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) writing system and show its application to calibration of the writing process. We first measure the FBG impulse response using low-coherence interferometry, and then we calculate the refractive index profile using layer peeling. This yields the complex longitudinal refractive index profile, which includes both the index modulation amplitude and the effective index as a function of position along the FBG. We demonstrate how this measurement can be applied to the calibration of a scanning-beam dithered phase mask FBG writing system. We demonstrate the ability to identify errors in the writing process that would not likely be found from a measurement of the FBG reflection spectrum alone     

A Novel Temperature-Compensated,IntensityModulated Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor System

An intensity-modulated, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on radio-frequency (RF) signal measurement is presented. The RF signal is generated at a photodetector by two modulated optical signals reflected from the sensing FBG and a reference one. Bragg wavelength shift of the sensing FBG changes intensity of the RF signal by changing phase difference between the two optical signals, with temperature effect being compensated automatically by the reference FBG. Strain measurement with a maximum sensitivity of -0.34 V/ has been achieved.     

FBG传感信号数字化可调谐F-P滤波器解调技术研究

为进一步提高光纤光栅(FBG)解调系统的性能,提出并实现了基于FPGA逻辑控制的可调谐F-P滤波(TFFP)FBG传感数字化解调系统.重点介绍基于TFFP解调技术的工作原理,并给出了此解调系统硬件设计的系统框图.解调实验结果表明,通过与光谱仪的测量数据比较,此解调系统达到了预期的目标,经标定后系统的分辨率达1 pm,动...     

光纤光栅偏振模色散的研究

分析了光纤光栅 (FBG)偏振模色散 (PMD)产生的原因 :写入光栅用的光敏光纤对紫外光吸收是不均匀的 ,呈指数型吸收。建立了光栅偏振模色散的模型 ,利用建立的模型计算了不同折射率调制的偏振模色散 ,计算的结果与用偏振模色散分析仪测得的结果符合得很好。理论和实验说明了光栅色散对偏振模色散的影响 :光纤光栅的色散增大 ,光栅的偏振模色散也增大。     

A Novel Temperature-Compensated, Intensity-Modulated Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor System

An intensity-modulated, fiber Bragg grating （FBG） sensor system based on radio-frequency （RF） signal measurement is presented. The RF signal is generated at a photodetector by two modulated optical signals reflected from the sensing FBG and a reference one. Bragg wavelength shift of the sensing FBG changes intensity of the RF signal by changing phase difference between the two optical signals, with temperature effect being compensated automatically by the reference FBG, Strain measurement with a maximum sensitivity of -0.34 μV/με has been achieved.     

Gain clamping in two-stage L-band EDFA using a broadband FBG

A gain-clamped long wavelength band erbium-doped fiber amplifier (L-band EDFA) with an improved gain characteristic is demonstrated by simply adding a broadband conventional band (C-band) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in a two-stage amplifier system. The FBG reflects backward C-band amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from the second stage back into the system to clamp the gain. The gain is clamped at about 22.4 dB with a gain variation below 0.4 dB for input signal powers of -40 to -15 dBm. Compared with an unclamped amplifier of similar noise figure values, the small signal gain has improved by 2.4 dB due to the FBG which blocks the backward propagating ASE. At wavelengths from 1570 to 1600 nm, gain of the clamped amplifier varies from 19.4 to 26.7 dB. The corresponding noise figure varies by /spl plusmn/0.35 dB around 5 dB, which is not much different compared to that of the unclamped amplifier.