2020年我国水泥行业CO_2排放趋势与减排路径分析

我国水泥行业的CO2排放仅次于电力行业,约占全国排放总量的15%。分析水泥行业的CO2排放趋势和减排路径对实现我国温室气体排放控制目标有着重要的现实意义。本文从影响水泥行业排放的主要影响因素着手,分析了水泥产量和单耗的现状及未来发展趋势,计算了水泥行业的历史排放、发展趋势以及减排潜力,指出了实现减排潜力面临的挑战和障碍,以及相应的措施建议。     

单位电量CO_2排放强度与单位产值CO_2排放强度关系初探

电力单位产值CO2排放强度是全国单位产值CO2排放强度的重要组成部分,其既与电力行业排放绩效即单位发电量CO2排放强度有关,也与全社会能源效率、电气化水平、资源与市场情况等因素相关。本文系统分析了有关指标的统计特征、国际对比、影响因素及趋势预测,指出"十二五"及"十三五"期间,不论是单位电量CO2排放强度,还是电力单位产值CO2排放强度,其下降幅度都是有限的,需要理性看待并科学设置规划指标。     

中国居民生活与CO_2排放关系研究

本文采用Consumer Lifestyle Approach(CLA)方法,比较分析中国各地区和不同收入水平下居民的二氧化碳排放量。结果表明,城镇居民直接二氧化碳排放一直处于增长状态,农村增速较缓慢。城镇居民间接二氧化碳排放量高于直接消费。城镇居民食品、衣着、居住、教育文化是主要的二氧化碳排放源,农村居民食品消费占据主要比例。地区间的差异对于居民间接二氧化碳排放影响主要体现在总量上,收入水平对居民生活方式的间接二氧化碳排放量影响大,高收入水平的居民二氧化碳排放量高于低收入水平居民;收入水平越高,二氧化碳排放结构越多样化。根据研究提出了降低生活能源强度和二氧化碳排放强度的建议。     

能源洁净利用与CO2排放控制技术

温室气体CO2的大量排放而引起的全球变暖、温室效应问题，越来越引起世人的关注。针对由于化石燃料燃烧利用过程中排放出的大量CO2对生态环境造成的危害，探讨了多种CO2排放控制和分离回收技术。对于能源高效清洁利用、CO2排放控制和分离回收有着重要的借鉴作用。     

德国E．on能源集团建设无CO2排放电厂

据德国《世界报》报导，德国最大的能源集团Eon公司决定将一座在英国已关闭的燃气电厂改造成无二氧化碳排放的燃煤电厂。燃烧中产生的二氧化碳将从废气中分离，并压缩注入英国的大陆架油田。新电厂的装机容量为45万千瓦（450MW），计划于2011建成。     

2020年我国钢铁行业CO_2排放趋势和减排路径分析

我国钢铁行业CO_2排放占全国排放总量的近20%,分析钢铁行业的CO_2排放趋势和减排路径对我国控制温室气体排放有着重要的现实意义。本文从影响钢铁行业排放的主要影响因素着手,分析了钢铁产量和工序能耗的现状及未来发展趋势,测算了2010～2020年钢铁行业排放趋势和减排潜力,同时给出了减排途径和各种减排措施的贡献度,并提出了相关政策建议。     

气体燃料对减缓CO2排放的贡献

简述了以甲烷为主要成分的天然气、煤层气等气体燃料的性质与优势；认为气体燃料将会发展成世界最重要的一次能源。文章重点指出：使用气体燃料，采用燃气－蒸汽联合循环发电、热电冷（或热电）联产以及燃气高热值热水锅炉等高效的能源转换系统与设备，可以大大提高能源利用率，与使用其它石化燃料相比，可为减缓CO2排放作出明显贡献。     

广东省低碳发展的能源消耗与CO2排放分析

作为中国经济大省、人口大省和能源消费大省,广东省先行启动国家低碳省试点工作,率先开展碳交易市场建设试点。能源消费特征和CO2排放情况是低碳发展的基础,从广东省经济发展入手,分析了广东省终端能源消费及构成、单位GDP能耗和单位工业增加值能耗等能源消费特征,估算了广东省2005年至2010年的CO2排放量,并预测了广东省“十二五”期间的能源消费和CO2排放量,为节能减碳和国家低碳试点工作提供基础数据和决策依据。     

中国住宅中能源消耗的CO2排放量及减排对策

利用生命周期评价方法,根据中国煤电链和水电链的温室气体排放系数,计算了各种燃料的温室气体排放系数,并在此基础上,计算出了1999年我国住宅中由于家用电器的使用、冬季集中供暖及农村生活能源消费所造成的温室气体排放量.通过数据分析得出住宅中主要能源消耗所产生的CO2排放量约占全国总排放量的34.34%.分析计算了一栋被动式太阳能建筑的减排潜力,提出了住宅中CO2减排的对策.     

基于中国能源结构的汽油、甲醇与增程式甲醇轿车CO2排放研究

基于2018年中国能源结构,研究了某品牌轿车的汽油款、甲醇款及甲醇增程款等驱动型式车辆的能源生命周期,即WTW(Wellto Wheel,油井到车轮)与TTW(Tank to Wheel,油箱到车轮)C02排放.研究表明:基于中国能源结构与化石能源加工工艺,中国每生产1t汽油,产生1.732tCO2;中国每生产1t甲醇...     

Performance analysis of a CO2 recycling system which utilizes solar energy

In this report, a CO₂ recycling system is proposed and designed for the purpose of CO₂ mitigation through utilization of solar energy (photovoltaic power generation). A performance analysis of the potential of this system for CO₂ reduction is performed as one of the life cycle analyses (LCA) of this system. The CO₂ emission from building the photovoltaic (PV) power generation facilities represents the largest fraction of CO₂ emission and accounts for 81 per cent of the CO₂ emission from building of plants. The CO₂ balance ratio of the system is approximately 1.4. It clearly reveals that this system would be an effective way to reduce CO₂ emissions and to utilize PV power generation as a natural energy source. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Waste gas emission control and constraints of energy and economy in China

This paper studies the characteristics of waste gas emission (WGE), energy consumption (EC) and economic development in China, and analyzes the reason for the change of waste gas intensity (WI) in order to provide necessary information for policy maker. Firstly, this paper describes the situation of WGE and the primary factors in China in general to describe the relationship among energy, economy and environmental at the national level. Then we detect the main sectors for WGE that have notable effectiveness for economic and EC through the comparison of the percentage of EC, value added (VA) and industrial WGE from combustion in 39 industrial sectors. Then with the calculation of energy intensity (EI), clean level (CL) and WI, this paper selects those crucial sectors for waste gas control and shows the efficiency of waste gas control in these sectors from 2001 to 2005. The result showed most waste gas came from heavy industrial sectors. However, heavy industrial sectors usually have lower CL than light industries. Moreover, within these sectors, some sectors, particularly Production and supply of electric power and heat power, showed the tendency of worsening efficiency for waste gas control from 2001 to 2005.     

Shale gas: A solution for energy crisis and lower CO2 emission in Pakistan

Energy supply is an essential element for development in any country. However, the huge energy demand in future, which depends mainly on fossil fuels, may create an environmental crisis. In this paper, an attempt was made to highlight the shale gas prospect of Pakistan as a solution for its future energy demands. It seems that Pakistan is currently consuming a huge amount of domestic natural gas and crude oil, which may soon result in climate change. As such, it is crucial to consider shale gas reserves as an ultimate solution for energy and achieving a low carbon economy.     

中国道路交通二氧化碳排放研究

本文评述了全国及区域水平道路交通CO2排放研究的不足和困难,提出道路交通CO2排放的研究方法,并与研究文献和公开资料进行比对。中国2007年全国道路交通CO2排放为3.77亿t,占交通运输部门CO2排放的86.32%。分析了各省道路交通CO2排放量与GDP和城镇居民人均可支配收入的相关性,结果显示,各省(市、区)道路交通CO2排放量和GDP关联性显著,与城镇居民人均可支配收入相关性不明显。     

CO2 emission from China's energy sector and strategy for its control

This paper identifies the main features of CO₂ emission from fossil energy combustion in China. Then it estimates China's future energy requirements and projects its CO₂ emission from 2010 to 2020 based on the scenario analysis approach. China's rate of carbon productivity growth is estimated to be 5.4% in the period 2005–2020, while the CO₂ intensity of GDP will reduce by about 50% but CO₂ emission in 2020 will still be about 40% higher than prevailing in 2005 because of rapid growth of GDP. This estimation is based on the assumption that China will implement a sustainable development strategy in consideration of climate change issues. The main objectives of the strategy are to implement an “energy conservation first” strategy, to develop renewable energy and advanced nuclear technology actively, to readjust the country's economic structure, and to formulate and legislate laws and regulations, and to build institutions for energy conservation and development of renewable energy. It concludes that international measures to mitigate CO₂ emission will limit world fossil fuel consumption. China is not placed to replicate the modernization model adopted by developed countries and has to coordinate economic development and carbon dioxide emission control while still in the process of industrialization and modernization. China has to evolve a low carbon industrialization model. This is the key to the success of sustainable development initiatives in China.     

中国农村生物质能消费的CO_2排放量估算

借助国际通用的CO2排放鼍计算方法,利用1996～2006年中国农村可再生能源统计资料,对中同农村生物质能消费的CO2排放情况及其空间分布进行分析探讨.结果表明,中国农村生物质能消费的CO2排放总量达到7.25×108t,约占农村生活能源消费CO22排放量的65%,占全国温窜气体总排放量的11.2%,其中秸秆、薪柴等传统生物质能利用方式贡献较大,可达98.64%～99.74%;中国农村生物质能消费CO2排放量的空间分布不均,四川、广西等省CO2排放量大,属超重排放区域,北京、天津、上海、西藏、青海等省(市、区)排放量小,属轻排放区域:区域生物质资源条件和经济社会水平是影响农村生物质能消费CO22排放的主要因素.     

Integrated energy strategy for the sustainable development of China

We propose in this paper an integrated energy strategy based on a systems approach to address the energy challenges and energy dilemma in China. First, we give a review of existing approaches to energy planning and strategic management, followed by a discussion on the major relationships among energy, economical, environmental and societal systems. Next, we present a conceptual system model with alternative solutions and clarify corresponding concepts. Based on the results, we propose, summarize, and present strategic ideas as policy implications for China’s decision makers. In conclusion, we determine that China should enhance strategic planning and regulation from a life cycle viewpoint of the whole society, prioritize energy saving, continuously improve incumbent energy, and rationally develop alternative energy.