微量Sc和Zr对Al-Mg-Mn合金组织与力学性能的影响

采用活性熔剂保护熔炼、水冷铜模激冷铸造制备Al-5.8Mg-0.4Mn和Al-5.8Mg-0.4Mn-0.25Sc-0.1Zr(质量分数,%)两种合金铸锭。合金铸锭经热轧中间退火冷轧成2 mm薄板;研究稳定化退火及微量Sc和Zr对Al-Mg-Mn合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:在Al-Mg-Mn合金中加入微量Sc和Zr后形成大量弥散的Al3(Sc,Zr)粒子,这些粒子对位错和亚晶界具有强烈的钉扎作用,能明显提高合金的抗再结晶能力和室温力学性能;Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr合金板材经300℃退火1 h后可获得最佳综合力学性能,其σb、σ0.2与δ分别为436 MPa、327 MPa和16.7%。     

SiCp/2A14复合材料厚板FSW接头微观组织与力学性能

实现了20 mm厚的15%SiC_p增强2A14铝基复合材料搅拌摩擦对接焊,并对接头的微观组织和力学性能进行了分析。结果表明：SiC_p/2A14复合材料焊接接头可以划分为四个区域,分别是母材(BM)、热影响区(HAZ)、热力影响区(TMAZ)和焊核区(NZ)。其中,BM区的组织呈现轧制条带状,该组织在HAZ受热发生了粗化;在TMAZ中,能够观察到由细小晶粒组成的挤压流线状组织;然而在NZ中,条带状组织消失,形成了均匀细小的等轴晶;并且NZ中SiC颗粒和白色相Al₄C₃得到充分细化,呈弥散均匀分布。接头的显微硬度最低值出现在HAZ和TMAZ的交界处,此处也是FSW接头断裂位置。接头的抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率分别为278 MPa、255 MPa和2.77%,分别达到母材的83.91%、77.62%和71.76%。通过数字图像相关法(DIC)测得接头的最大局部应变为16.8%。接头的断裂模式为韧性断裂和脆性断裂的混合断裂模式。     

Inconel 718合金厚板真空电子束焊接头的显微组织与高温力学性能(英文)

对Inconel 718高温合金12mm厚板的真空电子束焊(EBW)接头整体及分层的显微组织和高温力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:经熔透焊+修饰焊的接头,焊缝中心的上、下层为树枝晶,中层为柱状晶;热影响区由上层至下层晶粒长大程度逐渐减小。经固溶+双时效热处理后,EBW接头各区域晶界处均有δ相析出,在焊缝中心最多,在热影响区及母材较少,晶粒内部均析出了γ″相。在650℃时,接头整体的抗拉强度σb、屈服强度σs和伸长率δ分别为1100MPa、800MPa和18%,达到了母材的90%、80%和80%。分层切片的力学性能下层最高,σb、σs和δ分别达到了1170MPa、870MPa和18%;上层最低,分别为1080MPa、780MPa和7%。上层断口以脆性断裂为主,中、下层断口以韧性断裂为主。显微硬度分布为焊接中心最低,热影响区与母材较高。晶界δ相的析出数量越多,显微硬度值越低。     

汽车车架高强镁合金的FSW接头组织与性能研究

采用单面对接搅拌摩擦焊方法,进行了汽车车架用高强镁合金Mg-12Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.6Zr的焊接试验,并进行了接头的宏观形貌、X光无损探伤、显微组织、物相组成和力学性能的测试与分析。结果表明,接头焊核区由α-Mg、Mg12(Gd,Y)Zn、Mg3(Gd,Y)组成,接头的室温抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为314 MPa、236 MPa、9.3%,接头系数达89.2%。     

Alx(TiVCrNb)100-x轻质高熵合金显微组织及力学性能

采用真空感应熔炼制备Al_x(TiVCrNb)_100-x(x=0～25，%，摩尔分数)轻质高熵合金，利用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜、显微硬度计和电子万能试验机等研究Al含量对高熵合金微结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明：Al_x(TiVCrNb)_100-x合金由BCC基体相及析出相组成。当x≤5时，Al元素掺杂能够抑制高熵合金基体中析出相的产生；当53)。固溶强化与第二相强化提高了合金的强度，但沉淀相在晶界的富集降低了高熵合金的塑性。     

B4Cp增强镁锂基合金的固态复合技术（英文）

采用热挤压固态复合技术制备B4Cp/Mg-8Li-1Zn和B4Cp/Mg-8Li-1Al-1Y复合材料,研究复合材料的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:随着参数的优化,材料的变形效果和α相的移动性得到提高,而复合薄层的数量和间距尺寸减小;界面结合力得到提高的同时降低了界面的氧化程度。拉伸测试结果表明,通过固态热挤压复合强化,B4Cp/Mg-8Li-1Zn和B4Cp/Mg-8Li-1Al-1Y复合材料的强度得到明显提高,分别为238MPa和257.23MPa;B4Cp/Mg-8Li-1Al-1Y复合材料的比强度最高(169.23×103cm).     

TiB2/Al-Si-Mg-Er复合材料的组织与性能

采用重熔稀释法制备了Al-7Si-0.5Mg-0.1Er和0.5TiB₂/Al-7Si-0.5Mg-0.1Er合金,研究了TiB₂颗粒增强Al-Si-Mg-Er复合材料的组织性能。结果表明,复合材料铸态组织主要由α-Al基体、共晶Si相和TiB₂颗粒组成。TiB₂粒子的加入使Al-7Si-0.5Mg-0.1Er合金二次枝晶间距减小了7.1 μm。抗拉强度达到217.53 MPa,较Al-7Si-0.5Mg-0.1Er合金提升了12.1 %。TiB₂/Al-Si-Mg-Er复合材料的最优T6热处理工艺为530 ℃×12 h固溶+160 ℃×7 h时效,经该工艺处理后,TiB₂/Al-Si-Mg-Er复合材料抗拉强度达到319.49 MPa,相比热处理前提高了46.9%,相比Al-7Si-0.5Mg-0.1Er合金提高了5.9%;屈服强度达到266.75 MPa,相比热处理前提高了106.4%,相比Al-7Si-0.5Mg-0.1Er合金提高了14.9%。复合材料抗拉强度的提升主要源于TiB₂颗粒加入后产生的晶粒细化、变质和热处理强化。     

Al-Mg-Mn-Er合金双面搅拌摩擦焊接头局部显微组织和强化机制（英文）

通过研究Al-Mg-Mn-Er合金双面搅拌摩擦焊接头的局部显微组织和强化机制揭示其软化机制。结果显示：焊核区形成细小等轴晶组织(5.61μm)，而热机械影响区(45.32μm)和热影响区(100.73μm)仍为纤维状组织。从基体到焊核区，小角度晶界分数从75.6%降低到15.6%。退火效应导致位错密度从母材的1.8×10¹⁴ m^-2减小到焊核区的4.5×10¹² m^-2。焊核区、热机械影响区和热影响区Al₃(Er,Zr)析出相的平均尺寸和体积分数与基体的(13.7 nm,0.13%)均接近。焊核区和热机械影响区的屈服强度最低，约为201 MPa；基体的屈服强度最高，约为295 MPa。位错强化和亚结构强化的损失是从基体到焊核区屈服强度降低的主要原因。     

铸造静置温度对Mg-6Al-2Sn铸态镁合金组织及性能的影响

采用不同的静置温度对Mg-6Al-2Sn铸态镁合金进行了试验,并进行了显微组织和力学性能的测试与分析。结果表明:随静置温度从650℃升高至770℃,试样的平均晶粒尺寸先减小后增大,抗拉强度和屈服强度先增大后减小,断后伸长率变化不大;与650℃静置温度处理时相比,710℃静置处理时的Mg-6Al-2Sn铸态镁合金的平均晶粒尺寸减小了55μm(167→112μm),抗拉强度和屈服强度分别增大了35 MPa(173→208MPa)和18 MPa(124→142MPa)。Mg-6Al-2Sn铸态镁合金的静置温度优选为710℃。     

厚板铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头显微组织与力学性能

对14 mm厚板铝合金搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)接头焊核区微观组织,整体和分层切片力学性能进行了研究.结果表明,当旋转速度为400 r/min,焊接速度为60-100 mm/min时,接头抗拉强度σb、屈服强度σ0.2和延伸率δ随焊速的升高而降低.焊缝分层切片的σb,σ0.2和δ上部最高,分别达到了186.7 MPa,100.3 MPa和14.1%;下部最低,分别为157.5 MPa,80.2 MPa和10.1%.微观断口中存在大量的网状韧窝,切片上部韧窝最深,焊缝根部可见沿晶界的二次裂纹和浅韧窝.显微硬度分布为焊缝上部高于下部,沿焊缝中心呈不对称分布.焊核区上部等轴再结晶晶粒尺寸大于焊缝下部.焊核区上部的第二相粒子相对下部更均匀和细小,强化作用增强.     

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of TIG and FSW Joints of a New Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr Alloy

A new Al-5.8%Mg-0.4%Mn-0.25%Sc-0.10%Zr (wt.%) alloy was successfully welded by tungsten inert gas (TIG) and friction stir welding (FSW) techniques, respectively. The mechanical properties and microstructure of the welded joints were investigated by microhardness measurements, tensile tests, and microscopy methods. The results show that the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation to failure are 358, 234 MPa, and 27.6% for TIG welded joint, and 376, 245 MPa and 31.9% for FSW joint, respectively, showing high strength and superior ductility. The TIG welded joint fails in the heat-affected zone and the fracture of FSW joint is located in stirred zone. Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy is characterized by lots of dislocation tangles and secondary coherent Al₃(Sc,Zr) particles. The superior mechanical properties of the TIG and FSW joints are mainly derived from the Orowan strengthening and grain boundary strengthening caused by secondary coherent Al₃(Sc,Zr) nano-particles (20-40 nm). For new Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy, the positive effect from secondary Al₃(Sc, Zr) particles in the base metal can be better preserved in FSW joint than in TIG welded joint.     

Effects of minor Sc and Zr additions on mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of Al−Zn−Mg−Cu alloys

The effects of minor Sc and Zr additions on the mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of Al−Zn−Mg−Cu alloys were studied using tensile tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ultimate tensile strength of the peak-aged Al−Zn−Mg−Cu alloy is improved by about 105 MPa with the addition of 0.10% Zr. An increase of about 133 MPa is observed with the joint addition of 0.07% Sc and 0.07% Zr. For the alloys modified with the minor addition of Sc and Zr (0.14%), the main strengthening mechanisms of minor addition of Sc and Zr are fine-grain strengthening, sub-structure strengthening and the Orowan strengthening mechanism produced by the Al₃(Sc,Zr) and Al₃Zr dispersoids. The volume of Al₃Zr particles is less than that of Al₃(Sc,Zr) particles, but the distribution of Al₃(Sc,Zr) particles is more dispersed throughout the matrix leading to pinning the dislocations motion and restraining the recrystallization more effectively.     

Effect of minor Zr and Sc on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al–Mg–Si–Cu–Cr–V alloys

The effects of minor contents of Zr and Sc on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Al–Mg–Si–Cu–Cr–V alloy were studied. The results show that the effects of minor Zr and Sc on the as-cast grain refinement in the ingots, the improvement in the strength of the as-extruded alloys and the restriction of high angle grain boundaries in the aged alloys can be sorted as Al₃Sc>Al₃(Zr,Sc)>Al₃Zr. None of them could stop the nucleation of recrystallization, but Al₃(Zr,Sc) phase is a more effective inhibitor of dislocation movement compared to Al₃Sc in the aged alloys. Compared with the mechanical properties of the aged alloy added only 0.15% Sc, the joint addition of Zr and Sc to the alloy leads to a very slight decrease in strength with even no cost of ductility. Taking both the production cost and the little bad influence on mechanical properties into consideration, an optimal content of Zr and Sc in the Al–Mg–Si–Cu–Cr–V alloy to substitute 0.15% Sc is 0.13% Zr+0.03% Sc.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu/Al joints brazed using (Cu,Ni, Zr,Er)-modified Al—Si filler alloys

To design a promising Al—Si filler alloy with a relatively low melting-point, good strength and plasticity for the Cu/Al joint, the Cu, Ni, Zr and Er elements were innovatively added to modify the traditional Al—Si eutectic filler. The microstructure and mechanical properties of filler alloys and Cu/Al joints were investigated. The result indicated that the Al—Si—Ni—Cu filler alloys mainly consisted of Al(s,s), Al₂(Cu,Ni) and Si(s,s). The Al—10Si—2Ni—6Cu filler alloy exhibited relatively low solidus (521 °C) and liquidus (577 °C) temperature, good tensile strength (305.8 MPa) and fracture elongation (8.5%). The corresponding Cu/Al joint brazed using Al—10Si—2Ni—6Cu filler was mainly composed of Al₈(Mn,Fe)₂Si, Al₂(Cu,Ni)₃, Al(Cu,Ni), Al₂(Cu,Ni) and Al(s,s), yielding a shear strength of (90.3±10.7) MPa. The joint strength was further improved to (94.6±2.5) MPa when the joint was brazed using the Al—10Si—2Ni—6Cu—0.2Er—0.2Zr filler alloy. Consequently, the (Cu, Ni, Zr, Er)-modified Al—Si filler alloy was suitable for obtaining high-quality Cu/Al brazed joints.     

高镁低钪Al-Mg-Sc-Zr合金强韧化机理研究

本文通过常规轧制与退火工艺制备了具有高抗拉强度(~502MPa)和高断后延伸率(~22%)的高镁低钪Al-Mg-Sc-Zr合金,退火工艺为673K/1h。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、电子背散射衍射仪(EBSD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段,研究了合金退火后的组织及其强化机制。结果表明：Al-Mg-Sc-Zr合金在退火后获得了具有尺寸为0.42 μm的小晶粒和尺寸为16.2μm的大晶粒的双峰晶粒组织,固溶镁原子与Al₃(Sc,Zr)相的存在与共同作用促进了具有较大晶格畸变、存在大量亚晶及均匀弥散分布析出相的双峰晶粒组织的形成;合金主要强化方式为镁原子的固溶强化、亚晶界阻碍位错引起的亚晶界强化、细晶强化和Al₃(Sc,Zr)相的弥散强化,且合金计算与实测屈服强度相吻合;高镁固溶度、Al₃(Sc,Zr)相、双峰晶粒及再结晶织构的存在为位错增殖提供了空间,提高了合金加工硬化率,进而提高了合金的延伸率。     

Precipitation evolution in Al–0.1Sc,Al–0.1Zr and Al–0.1Sc–0.1Zr (at.%) alloys during isochronal aging

Precipitation strengthening is investigated in binary Al–0.1Sc, Al–0.1Zr and ternary Al–0.1Sc–0.1Zr (at.%) alloys aged isochronally between 200 and 600 °C. Precipitation of Al₃Sc (L1₂) commences between 200 and 250 °C in Al–0.1Sc, reaching a 670 MPa peak microhardness at 325 °C. For Al–0.1Zr, precipitation of Al₃Zr (L1₂) initiates between 350 and 375 °C, resulting in a 420 MPa peak microhardness at 425–450 °C. A pronounced synergistic effect is observed when both Sc and Zr are present. Above 325 °C, Zr additions provide a secondary strength increase from the precipitation of Zr-enriched outer shells onto the Al₃Sc precipitates, leading to a peak microhardness of 780 MPa at 400 °C for Al–0.1Sc–0.1Zr. Compositions, radii, volume fractions and number densities of the Al₃(Sc_1?xZr_x) precipitates are measured directly using atom-probe tomography. This information is used to quantify the observed strengthening increments, attributed to dislocation shearing of the Al₃(Sc_1?xZr_x) precipitates.     

Evolution of the structure and mechanical properties of sheets of the Al–4.7Mg–0.32Mn–0.21Sc–0.09Zr alloy due to deformation accumulated upon rolling

The mechanical properties and microstructure of sheets of an Al–4.7Mg–0.32Mn–0.21Sc–0.09Zr alloy deformed and annealed after rolling have been investigated. The total accumulated true strain was ε_f = 3.33–5.63, and the true strain at room temperature and at 200 °C was ε_с = 0.25–2.3. The strength properties of the sheets (yield stress σ_0.2 = 495 MPa and ultimate tensile strength σ_u = 525 MPa) in the deformed state were greater than those after equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) deformation. The mechanical properties of the deformed sheets after annealing depended on the size of subgrains inside the deformed grains bands with high-angle grain boundaries (HABs). With the increase in the annealing temperature from 150 to 300°С, the subgrain size increased from 80 to 300 nm. The relative elongation δ in the as-cast state and after annealing at 200–250°C (δ = 40–50%) was higher than that after annealing at 300–370°C (δ = 24–29%).     

Zr和Mn元素微合金化增强耐高温铝铜合金的热稳定性和力学性能

系统研究Al?5％Cu(AC)和Al?5％Cu?0.2％Mn?0.2Zr％(ACMZ)合金在温度为573～673 K的高温热稳定性和力学性能.结果表明,微合金化添加Zr和Mn元素对573 K主要强化相θ′相的稳定起到至关重要的作用.同时,高温拉伸结果表明,573 K热暴露200 h后,ACMZ合金强度为(88.6±8....     

Al-Cu based welding wire with minor Sc-Zr alloying and its application

1　INTRODUCTION2 195aluminum lithiumalloyisanewkindofaerospacestructuralmaterialswithlowdensity ,highspecificstrengthandspecificmodulusaswellasexcel lentlowtemperature performances[13] .Although2 195alloyhasexcellentcombinedproperties ,thereisstillaproblemofhowtoguaranteeitsweldingjointwithalsosuch goodcombined properties[4 ] .Duetotheinfluenceofweldingheatinputduringwelding ,microstructureandpropertiesofaluminum lithiumal loywillbechangedalot,andthestrengthofHAZ(heat affectedzone)obtaine…     

Influence of heat treatment on corrosion behaviour of Al?Zn?Mg?Cu?Zr?Sc alloy

Corrosion behaviour of different tempers (namely NA, UA, PA and OA) of Al? Zn? Mg? Cu? Zr? Sc alloy was studied by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), optical microscopy (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Over aged (OA) can decrease the susceptibility to exfoliation due to the discontinuous distribution of the η precipitates at the grain boundaries, cause a negative shift of the corrosion potential (E_corr), and lead to the prolonging of the time of the appearance of two time constants in impedance diagrams. In addition, Al? Zn? Mg? Cu? Zr? Sc alloy with over aged treatment has an enhanced resistance to exfoliation corrosion.