Production technology for ladle brick using semiacid clays

Conclusions A technology was developed for making ladle brick from Ch1PK semiacid clays mined in the Chasov Yar area.The biggest difference between semiacid ladle brick and firebrick is the after-expansion at service temperatures of 1500–1600° C which reaches about 3% and which densifies the structure of the ladle.The life of semiacid brick in 250-ton steel ladles on average is 11% higher than ordinary ladle brick.The production of ladle brick from semiacid raw materials is economic. The lower cost of the product is a result of using cheaper raw materials and firing the clay into chamotte and products at lower temperatures.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 3–7, May 1967.     

Chamotte and semiacid ladle brick from Barzassk clays

Conclusions The Barzassk (basic O1 and O2, and semiacid PK1) clays are suitable for making chamotte and semiacid ladle brick. The production of refractories from these clays can be organized using the technological production scheme for chamotte articles made by semidry pressing. In order to increase the strength of the green products made from semiacid clays it is necessary to reprocess the bodies with an addition of sulfite lye on runner mixers with rollers.The resistance of the experimental chamotte and semiacid brick in a 300-ton ladle was practically the same as that of ladle brick made from Buskul'sk clay produced by the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 1–5, May, 1969.     

Ladle brick from semiacid clays

Conclusions The main feature of the technology developed for the production of high-density ladle brick which expands in service, made from semiacid clay from Chasov Yar and Druzhkov sources, is the regular firing cycle for the chamotte and the finished products, namely completion of firing in the temperature range in which we can guarantee sintering of the material, but in which bloating has not yet begun.The life of the ladle brick in service made from semiacid clays is greater than that of high-chamotte ladle brick owing to the high density of the structural joints, governing the expansion of the working layer of the brick coming into contact with metal and slag.Mass production of semiacid ladle brick using the technology developed by VIO should be organized in refractory plants of the UkrSSR.Deceased.Translated from Ogneupory, No.2, pp.14–17, February, 1967.     

钢包用刚玉-尖晶石砖

以电熔白刚玉、电熔尖晶石、氧化铝微粉为主要原料,经高温烧成,制成高纯刚玉－尖晶石钢包衬砖。制品性能优良,耐渣蚀、抗渗透。在钢包上使用取得良好效果     

Unfired brick from magnesite-chromite concrete for open-hearth furnace building

Conclusions Unfired brick made of magnesite-chromite concrete with periclase cement, tested in several parts of open-hearth furnaces, showed the same resistance as fired magnesite or chrome-magnesite refractories.Unfired magnesite-chromite brick made of concrete can be used for building structures with air-setting, water-containing cement instead of iron plates.It is necessary to organize the industrial production of unfired goods made of magnesite-chromite concrete using the method developed by UNIIO for extensive testing and subsequent use in open-hearth furnaces.     

Ultrasonic quality control of ladle brick

Conclusions The relation was determined between the speed of USV and the open porosity of high-density ladle bricks containing a superduty refractory additive and produced by the Bogdanovich Refractories Plant.Calibration charts were plotted which permit the porosity of the various types of brick to be determined from the speed of ultrasound through the brick.Deceased.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 16–18, August, 1978.     

Semiacid clays for making ladle brick

Conclusions The close relationship between the mineral composition, primary and secondary structures of clays, and their properties was confirmed.From semiacid clays we obtained ladle brick whose resistance in service is as good as that of high-grog brick made by the Borovich Refractories Combine.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 4, pp. 22–26, April, 1967.     

Increasing the life of ladle brick

Conclusions A technology was developed for the manufacture of ladle brick of high resistance. The difference between the proposed method and that used at present is in the increase in alumina content of the bond part of the batch. The nonplastic may be ordinary grog made of first or second-grade clays normally used in the manufacture of ladle bricks. The optimum Al₂O₃ content in the bond part of the batch is 55–60%.A compulsory condition for increasing the service life of the ladle brick, in addition to a high content of alumina, is the density of the bonding part of the batch. Therefore, the firing temperature of the goods should be determined not by the porosity of the finished product in general, but by the porosity of the bond part of the batch.The chief norms for the manufacturing technology are as follows: a) a batch content of 50–55% ordinary grog made of first and second-grade clays, water absorption not more than 5%; b) a batch content of 50–45% mixture of combined grist of high-alumina grog and clay; the ratio of grog to clay in the mix should be from 6535 to 7030.The conclusions of the present article have been proved by manufacturing an industrial batch of goods and testing them in linings of ladles [14]. The technology has been included in a project for reconstructing the Bogdanovich refractories plant.     

High-density ladle brick from Arkalyk clay

Conclusions The Bogdanovich Refractories Plant has developed a production technology for a high-quality high-density brick from clay from the Arkalyk deposits. Service tests with the brick showed that it increases the durability of the lining of steelcasting ladles of varied capacity by a factor of 1.6–2.0.To obtain the best results, the Arkalyk clays must be blended before being used.Deceased.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 28–31, March, 1977.