共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
用退火法在玻璃、硅片衬底上先生长ZnO籽晶,然后在90℃下在醋酸锌和六亚甲基四胺溶液中生长了直径约为17 nm的ZnO纳米棒.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了不同衬底上生长的ZnO纳米棒的结构和择优生长取向,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了ZnO的形态,用荧光光谱仪分析了纳米棒的发光特性,讨论了籽晶、衬底类型和衬底放置方式对纳米棒的尺寸、排列趋向性和光学性能的影响.纳米棒的直径和排列依赖于衬底的初始状态,籽晶可以减小纳米棒的尺寸,增强纳米棒的排列有序性;一旦衬底上生长了籽晶,后续生长的纳米棒的尺寸、排列和性能与衬底的类型无关,纳米棒都具有强的紫光发射.但衬底的放置方式会影响其上纳米棒的形态,竖直放置的衬底易生长尺寸分布均匀的准有序排列的纳米棒. 相似文献
4.
用两步生长的方法在醋酸锌和六亚甲基四胺水溶液中生长ZnO纳米棒阵列,然后以ZnO纳米棒阵列为模板,在Na2S水溶液中硫化0.5~6 h形成ZnO/ZnS纳米结构.用XRD,SEM和TEM表征了ZnO/ZnS核/壳纳米结构的晶体结构、表面形貌.研究了ZnO/ZnS核/壳纳米结构的形态及其转变的模式.在硫化过程中,ZnO首先形成ZnO/ZnS核/壳纳米棒,随着硫化程度的增强,核/壳结构顶部出现空洞,空洞扩展形成管状结构,进一步硫化,管状结构坍塌.硫化形成的ZnO/ZnS结构的形态不仅依赖于初始纳米棒的直径大小和硫化时间的长短,还依赖于纳米棒的分布密度. 相似文献
5.
采用化学溶液沉积法在ITO导电玻璃上制备近一维ZnO纳米棒.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光致发光谱(PL)对样品进行表征,研究了不同Zn2+摩尔浓度和不同生长时间对样品的结构、形貌和光致发光性能的影响.结果表明,所制备的ZnO纳米棒为纤锌矿结构并沿c轴择优取向生长.另外,随着Zn2+摩尔浓度的增加,纳米棒的直径增大.当Zn2+摩尔浓度为0.1M时,ZnO纳米棒的直径和长度都随生长时间的增加而增加.PL测试表明,样品均具有良好的发光性能,并且ZnO纳米棒的结晶质量随着Zn2+摩尔浓度和生长时间的增加均有所提高. 相似文献
6.
ZnO纳米棒的低温生长及光致发光性能 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用化学溶液沉积法在ITO导电玻璃上制备近一维ZnO纳米棒. 利用X射线衍射(XRD) 、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光致发光谱(PL)对样品进行表征,研究了不同Zn2+摩尔浓度和不同生长时间对样品的结构、形貌和光致发光性能的影响. 结果表明,所制备的ZnO纳米棒为纤锌矿结构并沿c轴择优取向生长. 另外,随着Zn2+摩尔浓度的增加,纳米棒的直径增大. 当Zn2+摩尔浓度为0.1M时,ZnO纳米棒的直径和长度都随生长时间的增加而增加. PL测试表明,样品均具有良好的发光性能,并且ZnO纳米棒的结晶质量随着Zn2+摩尔浓度和生长时间的增加均有所提高. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
在锌衬底上制备了取向生长、形貌各异、不同密度的氧化锌纳米棒阵列.研究发现,氧化锌纳米棒在温度低于70℃、适量的碱性溶液、大气压下能够在锌衬底上大规模制备,并且氧化锌纳米棒的直径,在锌衬底上的密度和形貌完全依赖于氢氧化钠和硝酸锌的浓度.场发射测试表明:氧化锌纳米棒阵列开启电场较低(电流密度达1μA/cm2时场强仅为3.8 V/μm),显示了氧化锌纳米棒阵列在场发射方面的潜在应用. 相似文献
11.
AZO种子层朝向对ZnO纳米棒形貌和发光特性的影响 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
在水平管式炉中,采用热蒸发锌粉的方法,在镀有掺铝氧化锌(AZO)薄膜的石英基片上制备了大量高密度的ZnO纳米棒,AZO膜面分别正对和背对锌源。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪以及荧光光谱仪分析AZO膜面朝向对ZnO纳米棒的形貌、微结构及光学性能的影响。结果表明,不同朝向的AZO膜面上所生长的纳米棒具有相似的形貌和微结构。保温时间10min样品的氧空位的缺陷态发光为绿光,强度较强;保温时间15min样品的纳米棒长度较长、相对垂直衬底,其近带边发光较强,氧间隙的缺陷态发光较弱。正对锌源衬底上且保温时间15min样品的近带边发光最强,且缺陷态发光最弱。 相似文献
12.
In this work, uniform core-shell structure of polypyrrole wrapped on tungsten oxide nanorods (PPy@W18O49 core-shell nanorods) were synthesized via a two-step process for gas-sensing applications. The core-nanorods of W18O49 were first grown by solvothermal method with tungsten hexachloride (WCl6) as precursor. The PPy-shell layer was then formed uniformly on the solvothermally synthesized W18O49 nanorods by in-situ chemical polymerization of pyrrole monomer (Py), with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) as dopant and ammonium persulfate (APS) as oxidant. High dispersion of Py achieving in ethanol is proved to be crucial to form the uniform PPy-shell layer, and the layer thickness of PPy-shell is highly controlled by adjusting the Py concentration in polymeric solution. The morphology and structure of the nanocomposite were characterized systematically; it shows that the composite exhibits perfect core-shell structure of one-dimensional (1D) nanorods with average diameter of around 70–90 nm. The NH3-sensing properties of the sensors based on the PPy@W18O49 core-shell nanorods were investigated at operating temperature of 15–130 °C over NH3 concentration ranging from 1 to 200 ppm. The response magnitude of the PPy@W18O49 sensor can be affected seriously by temperature fluctuation, even in room temperature range (15–30 °C), and meanwhile, a temperature-dependent p-n response characteristic reversal is observed for the heteronanorods sensor. At much low room temperature of 15 °C, the present PPy@W18O49 nanorods show quick and sensitive response to NH3 gas mainly due to the ultrathin, uniform PPy shell and the special heterojunction effect between p-type PPy and n-type W18O49. The underlying gas-sensing mechanism is analyzed. 相似文献
13.
复杂纳米结构至今依然是材料领域研究的前沿。采用简单的气相合成法,通过反应温度选择和初始反应物配方设计,实现了复杂形貌CdSe/SiO2异质纳米结构的可控制备,在直径为100nm左右的一维纳米棒端部成功嫁接了直径约400nm的碗状SiO2纳米空心球。通过XRD,FESEM,HRTEM,EDS和SAED等手段分析试样的形貌、成分和晶体学特征。XRD测试表明,生成产物是CdSe和SiO2的复合材料;EDS分析进一步确认一维纳米棒和碗状空心球的化学成分分别为CdSe和SiO2;HRTEM和SAED测试表明,CdSe纳米棒是沿[0002]方向生长的单晶结构,SiO2纳米空心球为非晶结构。这种新奇的异质纳米结构可以作为未来纳米靶向药物的载体材料。 相似文献
14.
染料敏化太阳电池以其良好的电池性能、简单的制作工艺、廉价的制作成本等优点越来越受到人们的关注。尝试用水热合成法在透明导电玻璃FTO(SnO2∶F)衬底上一步制备出高度有序的TiO2单晶纳米棒阵列,使用扫描电子显微镜SEM及X射线衍射仪(XRD)等对其进行表征分析。用制备的样品作为光阳极封装电池并对其进行电池性能的测试。用化学浴沉积(CBD)方法对制备的样品进行CdS表面修饰,通过测量其紫外-可见吸收光谱及明暗场的电流-电压特性曲线等考察电池性能随硫化镉修饰次数的变化规律。 相似文献
15.
Metallic nanorods exhibit fascinating optical properties due to surface plasmons—collective oscillation of the electron cloud within a particle. They exhibit two principle absorption bands that correspond to surface plasmon resonance (SPR) along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the nanorod. Most importantly, the longitudinal band can be tuned with the aspect ratio of the rod, making it a spectrally tuneable optical material, which can be applied to a variety of devices from bioimaging to high‐density optical storage. Here, spectral encoding for high‐density optical storage applications is demonstrated on two sizes of gold nanorods (aspect ratios of three and five) doped in a silica sol–gel matrix by femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation. It is widely known that high‐power pulsed laser irradiation causes metal nanorods to undergo shape transformations via the process of melting or fragmentation. The process is enhanced if the laser wavelength is tuned at the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance peak of the nanorods, which results in a significant reduction or shift in the surface plasmon resonance peak. As such a shape change occurs only on the subpopulation of rods that have a longitudinal plasmon band matching the laser wavelength, a size‐ or spectrum‐selective shape transition is possible in a rod mixture with varying aspect ratios. The current spectral encoding technology can be incorporated into existing optical disc technology, such as three‐dimensional bit‐by‐bit and holographic, and can increase the capacity limit by utilizing the spectral domain. 相似文献
16.
Y. W. Heo M. Kaufman K. Pruessner D. P. Norton F. Ren M. F. Chisholm P. H. Fleming 《Solid-state electronics》2003,47(12):2269
We report on the optical properties of (Zn,Mg)O nanorods grown by catalyst-driven molecular beam epitaxy. The process is site-specific, as single crystal (Zn,Mg)O nanorod growth is realized via nucleation on Ag films or islands that are deposited on a SiO2-terminated Si substrate surface. Growth occurs within a flux of Zn, Mg, and O2/O3 mixture at substrate temperatures of 400–500 °C. With the addition of Mg, the nanorod morphology becomes more uniform relative to the pure ZnO nanomaterials synthesized under similar conditions. The (Zn,Mg)O nanorods are cylindrical, exhibiting diameters of 15–40 nm and lengths in excess of 1 μm. The (Zn,Mg)O nanorods exhibit a strong photoluminescence response, showing a slight shift to shorter wavelengths due to Mg incorporation. 相似文献
17.
Yu. V. Gulyaev V. A. Cherepenin I. V. Taranov V. A. Vdovin A. A. Yaroslavov V. P. Kim G. B. Khomutov 《Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics》2018,63(2):158-162
Decapsulation of nanocomposite liposomal capsules due to the effect of ultrashort electric pulses is obtained when the liposomal sheaths of the capsules are bound to significantly anisotropic gold nanoparticles (nanorods). Destruction of the liposomal sheath is interpreted using the rotational displacement of gold nanorods in the presence of the pulsed electric field. Such an interpretation is used to derive an expression for the critical electric field that determines the threshold level of the effect. The calculated critical field is in agreement with the experimental results. It is shown that the decapsulation is related to the presence of the gold nanorods in the sheath of liposomal capsules and is not obtained in the absence of the nanorods. 相似文献
18.
《Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of》1983,18(2):173-180
A process for the fabrication of Josephson integrated circuits is described which uses only refractory materials. The Josephson devices are Nb-Si-Nb tunnel junctions which are formed in the initial phase of the process. After depositing a Nb-Si-Nb `trilayer' over the entire substrate, the individual devices are isolated by the selective niobium anodization process (SNAP). Other materials used are molybdenum for the normal resistors and bias-sputtered SiO/SUB 2/ for additional insulator layers. The process uses only five photolithographic steps to produce circuits of the direct-coupled isolation type. This simplicity is achieved by using some layers for multiple purposes and by fabricating components with different functional purposes in a single step. For example, the lower electrode of the Josephson devices also functions as the ground plane and the contacts to the ground plane are actually large-area Josephson junctions formed simultaneously with the active devices. Low capacitance junctions (~0.025 pF//spl mu/m/SUP 2/) are produced with good uniformity. 相似文献
19.
20.
A thin sheet of cardiac tissue was modeled as a set of resistively coupled excitable cables with membrane dynamics described by the modified Beeler Reuter model. Transverse connections have a resistance Rn and are regularly distributed with a spacing delta on any given cable, to provide alternating input and output junctions. Flat wave longitudinal propagation corresponds to propagation along a single continuous cable since all units of the network are functionally isolated due to the absence of transverse current flow. Events on a given cable during flat transverse propagation include electrotonic spread of potential from input to output junctions, action potential initiation at input junctions, and collision at output junctions. The propagating two-dimensional transverse wavefront is an undulating transmembrane potential surface with highs at the input junctions and lows at the output junctions. The action potential upstroke is also modulated in a periodic manner with minimum and maximum Vmax at the input and output junctions respectively. Thus, the network is capable of a diversity of dynamic behavior spatially distributed in relation to the specific pattern of transverse connections chosen. Overall, the behavior of the network model is in good agreement with available structural and electrophysiological data on myocardium. In addition, this network topology allows to handle more easily parameters governing propagation and to avoid very large matrices which are costly in computational effort and overall computer time. 相似文献