Radiation therapy of an inoperable giant cell tumor (author's transl)

The case of a patient showing an inoperable giant cell tumor in the right wing of the ilium, with extension to the sacrum, is reported. Following radiation therapy with 7000 rd from telecobalt a complete regression of the tumor could be represented angiographically.     

Behavior therapy with aggressive children

Modern behavior therapy strategies which reduce aggressive behavior are based on developmental psychopathological assessments. These help to confirm intervention steps adapted to each specific age group. The extensive spectrum of methods in child behavior therapy offers different cognitive and social elements which are used to help the child effectively. The training for aggressive children by PeTERMANN and PeTERMANN (1994) which generally includes behavior-oriented family counselling shall be considered.     

Radiation therapy during pregnancy

A case of recovered memory of childhood trauma is reported with documented sexual trauma in early childhood, chronicled evidence of the absence of memory for traumatic experience over a period of time, and substantial evidence of 'spontaneous' recovery of memory. This account contains the first available prospective report of memory loss in a case in which there is both documented evidence of trauma and evidence of recovery of memory. The case emerged as part of a broadband, large-scale study of children followed closely from birth to adulthood which was not focused on memory for trauma. Prospective data gathered in a neutral research context, corroborated and supplemented by retrospective information, circumvent many limitations of previous retrospective accounts of recovered memories.     

An aggressive approach to HIV antiretroviral therapy

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy offers the first real hope of durable control of HIV infection and prevention of clinical sequelae. But success hinges on early and complete suppression of viral replication. That demands near-perfect adherence to a complex regimen involving three or more drugs, each with its own dosage and dietary requirements.     

Radiation therapy for malignant melanoma

Sufficient biologic and clinical evidence now exists to refute the longstanding dogma that melanomas are uniformly radiation resistant and hence radiation therapy has little role in the management of this disease. Although surgery remains the treatment of choice for the vast majority of localized melanomas, available data indicate that radiation therapy is a viable alternative for a few subsets of patients in whom surgery would result in cosmetic or functional deformity, such as patients with large facial lentigo maligna melanomas or small or intermediate-sized uveal melanomas. Retrospective and Phase II prospective studies have revealed that elective/adjunctive radiation therapy improves the local-regional control rate in patients with thick primary lesions, nodal involvement, or mucosal melanomas. However, the impact of elective/adjunctive radiation therapy on the survival rate has yet to be determined. Radiation therapy has been established as a simple and cost-effective treatment modality for palliation of patients with symptomatic metastatic spread. The response of metastatic deposits to radiation varies with the tumor volume, total dose, and dose per fraction. The choice of optimal fractionation depends on tumor site and the patient's survival expectation. New data indicate that hyperthermia enhances the response of metastatic lesions to radiation. Ongoing research with a variety of experimental strategies may offer the possibility of further increasing the utility of radiation therapy in the management of this disease.     

Radiation therapy and breast cancer

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the benefits of a policy of performing screening blood tests in new patients with arterial disease referred to the vascular outpatients department. METHODS: Clinical audit over a 12-month period of all new referrals with arterial disease to the vascular outpatients department at the Leicester General Hospital. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventy-two patients had at least one blood test performed at their outpatient visit. All of these patients had a full blood count performed, of which 21 results (21%) were abnormal. Further investigation of patients with abnormal results revealed one case of bladder cancer, one case of leukaemia and one patient with polycythaemia. Urea and electrolytes were measured in 269 patients (99%). Of these, 26 (10%) were expectedly abnormal in patients with known renal impairment. A further 27 patients (10%) were identified to have some degree of unrecognised renal impairment. Serum non-fasting glucose was measured in 252 patients (93%). There were 11 unexpectedly raised results, but further investigation of these patients only diagnosed one of these patients as diabetic. Serum cholesterol was measured in 201 patients (74%). One hundred and thirty-two patients (66%) had an abnormally raised serum cholesterol level. Of these, only 12 patients (6%) were known to have hyperlipidaemia. CONCLUSIONS: Screening new patients with arterial disease in vascular outpatients does identify significant abnormalities, in particular renal impairment and hyperlipidaemia. Correction of these abnormalities may reduce the morbidity associated with contrast induced nephrotoxic acute renal failure, and also contribute to secondary prevention of vascular events associated with raised lipids.     

Radiation therapy among A-bomb survivors

Survey of hospitals and clinics where atomic bomb survivors and their comparisons reported having received radiation therapy confirmed that 137 were so treated. The malignancies of five subjects were possibly related to their earlier radiation therapy rather than their atomic bomb radiation exposure, stressing the importance of recording all medical X-ray exposures as a potential variable in epidemiological studies of cancer etiology.     

Fine needle aspiration diagnosis of aggressive giant cell tumor of bone. A case report

Giant cell tumors of bone are neoplasms with potential local and systemic aggressiveness. A case of giant cell tumor with radiologic and histologic features suggestive of locally aggressive behavior is reported. Cytologic material was obtained by fine needle aspiration from an intraosseous tumor that destroyed the cortex and from the invaded, adjacent soft tissues. The smears from the osseous aspirate showed the typical cytologic features of giant cell tumor, whereas the invaded tissues had a prominent loss of cohesiveness between mononucleate and giant cells. In addition, mitotic figures in the mononucleate component were noticeable. The differential diagnosis based on clinical and cytologic findings is discussed.     

Radiation therapy for primary gallbladder cancer

This paper presents a survey into the role of radiation therapy in the treatment of advanced gallbladder cancer and provides information on the radiobiological aspects for combining surgery and radiation therapy. This treatment modality has resulted in improved median survival time even in patients with stage IV disease when it was applied to microscopic post-resection residue.     

An exploratory study of child-centered play therapy with aggressive children.

Children exhibiting aggressive problem behaviors typically reach a peak of aggressive acts at an early age, providing evidence that early intervention for aggression is needed. Child-centered play therapy (CCPT) is 1 intervention that offers the child an environment in which aggression can be expressed and empathically responded to by a play therapist. Forty-one elementary school age children were assigned to a CCPT condition or a wait-list control group condition. Children who participated in 14 sessions of CCPT showed a moderate decrease in aggressive behaviors over children in the control group, according to effect sizes as reported by parents (N = 32). Teachers reported that both groups significantly improved over time (N = 41). Post hoc analysis revealed that children assigned to CCPT decreased aggressive behaviors statistically significantly and children assigned to control group demonstrated no statistically significant difference. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis: aggressive therapy with catheter-directed thrombolysis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of catheter-directed thrombolysis with urokinase in treating symptomatic iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (DVT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one consecutive patients with iliofemoral DVT underwent treatment for 27 affected limbs (acute DVT, n = 20; chronic DVT, n = 7). The average urokinase dose was 4.9 million IU (range, 1.4 million to 16.0 million IU) infused over an average of 30 hours (range, 15-74 hours). RESULTS: Lysis was complete in 18 (72%), partial in five (20%), and not achieved in two (8%) of 25 treated limbs. Two chronically occluded iliac veins could not be crossed with a guide wire and did not receive urokinase. Sixteen limbs had underlying venous stenoses (> 50%) that were treated with angioplasty (n = 2) or angioplasty and stent placement (n = 14). There were no major complications or clinically detectable pulmonary emboli. The technical and clinical success rates were 85%. CONCLUSION: This initial experience suggests that catheter-directed thrombolysis with urokinase for treatment of symptomatic iliofemoral DVT is safe and effective.     

Radiation therapy in the management of desmoid tumors

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of patients with extra-mesenteric desmoid tumors treated with radiation therapy, with or without surgery. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The outcome for 75 patients receiving radiation for desmoid tumor with or without complete gross resection between 1965 and 1994 was retrospectively reviewed utilizing univariate and multivariate statistical methods. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 7.5 years, the overall freedom from relapse was 78% and 75% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Of the total, 23 patients received radiation for gross disease because it was not resectable. Of these 23 patients, 7 sustained local recurrence, yielding a 31% actuarial relapse rate at 5 years. Radiation dose was the only significant determinant of disease control in this group. A dose of 50 Gy was associated with a 60% relapse rate, whereas higher doses yielded a 23% relapse rate (p < 0.05). The other 52 patients received radiation in conjunction with gross total resection of tumor. The 5- and 10-year relapse rates were 18% and 23%, respectively. No factor correlated significantly with disease outcome. There was no evidence that radiation doses exceeding 50 Gy improved outcome. Positive resection margins were not significantly deleterious in this group of irradiated patients. For all 75 patients, there was no evidence that radiation margins exceeding 5 cm beyond the tumor or surgical field improved local-regional control. Ultimately, 72 of the 75 patients were rendered disease-free, but 3 required extensive surgery (amputation, hemipelvectomy) to achieve this status. Significant radiation complications were seen in 13 patients. Radiation dose correlated with the incidence of complications. Doses of 56 Gy or less produced a 5% 15-year complication rate, compared to a 30% incidence with higher doses (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Radiation is an effective modality for desmoid tumors, either alone or as an adjuvant to resection. For patients with negative resection margins, postoperative radiation is not recommended. Patients with positive margins should almost always receive 50 Gy of postoperative radiation. Unresectable tumors should be irradiated to a dose of approximately 56 Gy, with a 75% expectation of local control.     

Radiation therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in East Africa

Results of irradiation, 1 to 3 years after treatment, are presented in 64 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in East Africans. Two types of anatomic point indices are presented. Both correlate well with the results. Prophylactic irradiation of the mediastinum and both axillae was not followed by any evident improvement of the results.     

Social learning family therapy with aggressive children: A commentary.

Comments on a study of social learning family therapy for aggressive children by T. V. Sayger et al (see record 1989-12762-001) within the broader context of research on the outcome of treatment for antisocial behaviors and discusses aspects of the study, including Ss' clinical impairments, family characteristics, and maintenance of therapy gains. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Radiation therapy with neoadjuvant hormonal therapy for prostate cancer confined to pelvis

Neoadjuvant endocrine treatment prior to radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer confined to pelvis has of some value to prevent progression although there are many controversies. In order to improve the prognosis of locally advanced prostate cancer (stage B2 and C), definitive radiotherapy with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy has been investigated. Endocrine therapy reduces the volume of prostate, thus reduces the amount of side effect via reducing the area of irradiated normal tissue. Effect of radiation and that of endocrine therapy to induce apoptosis might be synergistic. The result is favorable although the follow-up period is too short. Further studies are needed to make conclusion.     

Radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil

We presented the coexistence of the severe aortic insufficiency and the systemic lupus erythematosus with antiphospholipid syndrome in 33-years old woman. She was qualified for the operation of the prosthesis aortic valve replacement after she was treated with steroids. During the operation, the heart infarct of the inferior wall had been observed, but finally in the postoperation period the heart efficiency improvement was observed. We have discussed same theories and clinical experiences of lupus erythematosus with antiphospholipid syndrome and clinical sequels.     

Therapeutic factors and outcomes in group and individual therapy of aggressive boys.

The study compared outcomes and process in group and individual treatment of 102 aggressive boys. Analyses were performed in ordinal and logistic regressions (for change and therapeutic factors, respectively) within a hierarchical linear model. Results indicated reduced aggression for the treatment children compared with the control group, with no effect of treatment format. Most of the boys reached at least the preparation stage of change in both treatments. The process research revealed 1 difference in Emotional Awareness-Insight, presented more in group treatment, and growth in Emotional Awareness-Insight and Problem Identification-Change. The stepwise regression revealed that Other vs Self-Focus and Problem Identification-Change were related to outcomes in group treatment only: The 1st contributed negatively to gains, and the 2nd contributed positively. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)