邵阳烤烟生产GAP体系构建及烟叶质量评价

为构建邵阳市烤烟生产GAP体系和烟叶质量评价体系,通过对邵阳市烤烟生产区水质、空气及土壤等环境因子进行调查与取样分析,评价了实施GAP管理后的大气、水体及土壤等环境因子和烟叶质量。结果表明,邵阳市植烟区大气质量符合GB3095—2012一级标准,水体质量达到GB3838—2002三级以上标准,绝大多数植烟土壤质量符合GB15618—1995二级以上标准,水体、大气和土壤符合优质烤烟GAP生产要求。2013年实施烟草生产GAP体系后X2F、C3F和B2F烟叶主要化学成分协调性、烟叶外观质量及评吸质量比实施前均有较大提高。在选择适宜品种基础上,建立有效的环境监控体系,合理规划种植基地,按照烟草GAP管理要求构建配套的烟叶生产技术体系,是确保本区烟叶质量的重要途径。     

遵义地区优质烤烟生产技术规范初步意见

为充分利用有利的自然资源,发挥烤烟优势,改变我区烟叶营养不良、发育不全、成熟度不够、片小而薄、烟碱不足的状况,拟从1985年起,在有条件的地方采用国内外的优质烤烟栽培技术以及我区1980-1984年烤烟优质适产试验和示范的初步成果,有计划地组织生产,争取在短期内使我区烤烟质量有明显提高。为此,特提出优质烤烟生产技术规范初步意见。     

湖南省烤烟生产比较优势的县域分布研究

利用2000～2006年的湖南省县域的农业生产统计资料,以规模比较优势指数、效率比较优势指数、综合比较优势指数分析了湖南省各县烤烟生产比较优势状况,并通过G1S软件在地图上进行,空间表达.分析结果表明:湖南省烤烟生产存在显著的区域差异,在全省115个县中烤烟生产具有规模、效率、综合比较优势的县分别有34个、64个、40个;具有烤烟生产优势的县主要分布在湖南的西北部和南部地区.湖南省应当按照比较优势原理,调整各县的烤烟种植规模,实现烤烟生产的合理布局和专业化生产,以充分发挥烤烟生产的比较优势.     

河南省烤烟生产的地区比较优势研究

通过对河南省1990年~2004年烤烟生产的规模比较优势、效率比较优势以及综合比较优势进行了计算和分析,认为自然资源禀赋、社会经济状况、种植制度和市场需求是影响河南省烤烟生产地区比较优势的主要原因,并就充分发挥地区比较优势提出了增加投入,创新烟叶生产组织形式,提高为烟农服务水平,适度提高种植规模等政策建议。      

我国烤烟发展势态的回归分析

建国以来,我国烤烟生产得到较大的发展,数量上已居世界首位。但经过三次大的起落,形成三个明显的发展阶段。由于生产的不稳定,对保证国内卷烟和出口都曾产生过不利影响。本文利用33年(1950-1982)的统计资料,对我国烤烟生产发展势态作回归分析,试图通过数量描述为生产管理与控制提供一些信息,这也许不是没有意义的。一、生产发展的基本模型从生产发展的总趋势上看,随着时间的推移,生产量在不断增长。这里以时序为自变量,以 T 表示;以全国种植面积、单位面积产量和     

实行科学种烟 夺取优质高产

我省烤烟有四十多年的栽培历史,群众有较丰富的生产经验,烟叶质量在国内、国际都享有一定的声誉,是我省的优势经济作物。七十年代以来,在全国烤烟质量普遍下降的情况下,贵州烤烟质量虽也有所下降,但基本保持     

烤烟外观区域特征感官评价指标的筛选

初次提出了烤烟外观区域特征的概念,赋予了烤烟外观区域特征的内涵,筛选出烤烟外观区域特征指标,构建了烤烟外观区域特征指标感官评价方法.以初烤烟叶C3F等级样品为研究对象,进行了全国各生态区主要生产点烤烟外观区域特征实证分析,初步确定底色、蜡质感和光泽度3个指标作为烤烟外观区域特征的评价指标,叶面组织和柔韧性两个指标作为备选评价指标.     

优质农业生产管理指导手册

优质农业生产管理体系(GAP)概念提出的目的在于确保烟叶生产的持续、健康发展,可以将GAP定义为:在保护、维持或增强土壤、水源、空气、动植物生命和环境的同时,在确保农业生产可持续发展的条件下,推行一系列农业措施,生产出一定产量和质量的优质农作物.     

低温与烤烟早花的关系初步探讨

伟大领袖和导师毛主席曾谆谆教导我们“要深入实际调查研究”.无产阶级文化大革命以来,经过批林整风和批林批孔,“农业学大寨”的群众运动正在不断深入发展,贫下中农,技术人员、干部三结合的农业科技队伍日益壮大,新技术、新成果大量涌现.农业耕作制度的改革和烤烟生产技术已跨入了一个崭新的阶段.但是,由于不良的气候条件等的影响,襄城烟区曾连续几年出现烤烟早花现象直接影响了烤烟的产量和品质.在此就有关温度与烤烟早花的关系所作的初步调查,谈一些浮浅的认识,给各地讨论参考.     

试论烤烟栽培技术规范和规范化

随着烟草生产的发展、社会对烤烟质量要求的提高,我国烤烟生产技术有了明显的改进。80年代推行的规范化栽培,对提高烤烟的质量,显示出了初步的效益。可以说,我国的烤烟生产技术,已经开始由经验指导为主向科学指导为主的轨道转变。但是,我们也发现,在生产实践中,对规范化栽培存在着片面的理解,     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press