高温熔盐泵散热器的数值优化与热分析

为提高高温熔盐泵散热器的散热效果,对影响散热器散热面积的重要因素——散热孔的直径和数量进行了数值优化,并将数值模拟得到的热载荷加载到结构体上,分析了热载荷下的热变形。结果表明:散热孔直径为12 mm、散热孔数量为6时,散热流体的流动均匀稳定,泵轴和散热器的综合散热效果较好,最终泵轴顶端的平均温度可降到440 K,散热器顶端的平均温度可降到417.5 K,满足散热需求;泵轴热变形量较小,最大值为0.46 mm,散热器的变形量较大,最大值为2.37 mm,加工时必须考虑材料的热膨胀和热变形。     

小型NaK热真空电磁泵热控措施影响分析

热真空电磁泵是一种在热真空环境条件下使用的高温电磁泵,换热途径的缺失使得设备整体温度很高,高温会使结构和功能材料的性能剧烈下降。本文采用数值计算方法对中国原子能科学研究院研制的小型NaK热真空电磁泵内构件温度分布进行了计算。结果表明：在泵沟外壁采用真空隔热屏、气密腔室内外壁喷涂黑体涂层的热控措施行之有效,降低了设备内构件尤其是励磁线圈的温度,提高了设备的使用寿命。     

安全壳喷淋泵转子系统热冲击特性分析

为研究1 000 MW级核电站用安全壳喷淋泵的热冲击特性,对热冲击作用下泵内部流场进行了数值计算。热冲击工况下泵内径向力逐渐变大,波动更为剧烈;轴向力逐渐变小;径向力和轴向力的波动趋势与常温工况的一致。将内流场模拟得到的热载荷及压力载荷加载到结构体上,分析热冲击下转子系统过流部件的温度分布,并分析其热应力与机械应力分布规律。结果表明：热应力对结构的破坏占主要作用;最大的热应力集中在轮毂上,最大的机械应力在轮毂与叶片的交界处;叶片上热应力和机械应力分布均满足叶根至叶顶依次减小的规律。     

EAST-NBI主低温冷凝泵辐射传热优化分析

中性束注入器（NBI）主低温冷凝泵为J字型内置式,其防辐射挡板结构设计需综合考虑结构参数对辐射传热量及抽速的影响。本文选用蒙特卡罗方法追踪每份热辐射,以求解辐射传热量,并利用控制变量法得出辐射传热量与防辐射挡板结构参数之间的关系。模拟结果表明,壁面发射率、防辐射挡板结构单元的高度对低温冷凝板的辐射传热量影响较大,而结构单元的边界形状对辐射传热量影响较小。研究结果将为EAST-NBI主低温冷凝泵的优化提供依据并可为类似J字型内置式低温冷凝泵的设计提供参考。     

小型NaK热真空电磁泵设计及其特性实验研究

采用等效电路法设计了额定工作温度为500 ℃、额定流量为11 m³/h、额定扬程为30 kPa的小型NaK热真空电磁泵。利用中国原子能科学研究院的ATC-S_NaK装置获取该电磁泵的工作特性曲线,并分析了工质温度、功率、运行频率对其运行特性的影响。结果表明,泵最优运行频率与NaK工质的温度相关。本文研究结果对泵的设计及运行程序的制定具有指导意义。     

The Power Supply System of Ion Source for NBI

The power supply system of ion source for the Neutral Beam Injector (NBI) in the HT-7 superconducting tokamak is based on a single injector with one ion source that can deliver 700 kW of neutral beam power. Experiments and a discharges test on the ion source were successfully performed. In this paper, the circuit structures and features of every power supply are described and the results of the discharges test are presented.     

The Implementation of Computer Data Processing Software for EAST NBI

One of the most important project missions of neutral beam injectors is the implementation of 100 s neutral beam injection （NBI） with high power energy t.o the plasma of the EAST superconducting tokamak. Correspondingly, it＇s necessary to construct a high-speed and reliable computer data processing system for processing experimental data, such as data acquisition, data compression and storage, data decompression and query, as well as data analysis. The implementation of computer data processing application software （CDPS） for EAST NBI is presented in this paper in terms of its functional structure and system realization. The set of software is programmed in C language and runs on Linux operating system based on TCP network protocol and multi-threading technology. The hardware mainly includes industrial control computer （IPC）, data server, PXI DAQ cards and so on. Now this software has been applied to EAST NBI system, and experimental results show that the CDPS can serve EAST NBI very well.     

EAST超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置真空室窗口烘烤及热应力分析

超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置EAST的真空室窗口烘烤系统要求窗口温度达到150℃。为选取加热丝型号及确定其合理布局，采用ANSYS有限元分析软件进行热应力分析。分析结果显示，窗口大部分区域的温度分布及热应力分布较为均匀，并满足要求，按照ASME压力容器评定标准，均在安全系数内。同时，对温度梯度较大的区域提出可行性的附加方案，以降低可能出现的应力集中。     

主循环泵重量和体积的优化设计

主循环泵是核动力装置中的重要设备,其重量、尺寸是影响核动力装置整体重量、体积及布置的重要因素。本文采用自主开发的复合形-遗传优化算法,以主循环泵的重量和体积作为优化目标,对主循环泵进行了优化设计。结果显示：优化方案与母型相比重量减小了10.82%,体积减小了4.28%,优化效果显著。同时对主循环泵重量和体积受一回路运行参数以及泵转速影响的敏感性进行了分析,其结果可供工程设计参考。     

A Design Model of Core Snubber for EAST NBI

A transformer type iron core snubber, as a protective device against the stray capacitance during the breakdown in EAST, is analyzed in detail. Three kinds of topology are presented. Then with the analysis for equivalent circuit, the ranges of three key parameters, i.e., secondary side resistance, leakage inductance and snubber inductance, are determined. By considering the saturation of the magnetic material, a design principle is also presented. A nearly 1:10 core snubber is tested. It is proved that a high permeability core with secondary resistor can restrain the discharge current effectively.     

Development of a Data Acquisition Control System for the First NBI on EAST

Neutral beam injection （NBI） heating is one of the most efficient auxiliary plasma heating methods for fusion devices. The data acquisition control system （DACS） with PXI （pe- ripheral component interconnect extensions for instrumentation） data acquisition card for the first NBI system in the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak （EAST） is presented in this paper. As an important sub-system, DACS is designed to obtain physical measurement signals in the EAST NBI system and to deal and store these data with the Lempel-Ziv-Oberhumer （LZO） lossless data compression algorithm, as well as offer convenient data call-back and access inter- faces to the user for examining and analyzing the data. Experimental results show that accurate data will ensure that researchers correctly analyze it and then properly adjust the experimental parameters or operation, so DACS should take a large step in improving experimental efficiency. Tile hardware and software sections are briefly presented in this paper, and now this system has been tested to be able to work reliably and steadily.     

强流质子RFQ加速腔热特性分析

利用有限元计算软件ANSYS分析了热效应对加速腔共振频率的影响,计算了RFQ腔体与热效应有关的参数,如水冷系统的冷却水温度、热交换系数等。     

CYCIAE-100紧凑型回旋加速器低温板排气系统理论和实验研究

根据CYCIAE-100紧凑型回旋加速器的结构特点,设计了一套大抽速低温板排气系统,插入到CYCIAE-100紧凑型回旋加速器主磁铁谷区中,该套排气系统将使CYCIAE-100紧凑型回旋加速器加速腔内真空度好于5×10^-6 Pa。目前该套低温板排气系统已设计完成,用Monte-Carlo方法对其进行了优化,并进行了加工、安装和初步调试,调试时低温冷板上温度达19 K,CYCIAE-100紧凑型回旋加速器加速腔内真空度达到8×10^-6 Pa。     

凝结水泵电机轴承失效原因分析

凝结水泵是核电厂二回路给水系统中的重要设备,它工作的可靠性直接影响到电厂的安全稳定运行。凝结水泵电机在投运前进行过解体大修,电机运行1000多个小时后轴承就出现了严重的损坏现象,这远远低于轴承的正常使用寿命。本文通过阐述轴承的润滑工况,分析了柔性异物导致轴承过早失效的原因、过程以及所造成的危害,揭示了柔性异物对轴承使用寿命的影响,探讨了如何通过改进工作方法来确保检修工作质量,为今后提高对设备故障的判断能力和检修工作水平提供了借鉴和参考。     

110 kN核热火箭发动机系统方案选取与参数优化研究

核热火箭发动机是深空探测的理想动力,可用系统循环方式包括闭式膨胀循环、抽气循环和开式膨胀循环。对基于金属陶瓷(CERMET)快堆堆芯的110 kN核热火箭发动机开展了3种不同系统循环方式的对比研究,通过不同方案的参数对比和组合件参数优化分析,最终认为基于CERMET堆芯110 kN核热火箭发动机的最佳系统方案为抽气循环。并对提高核热火箭发动机比冲性能的途径进行了探讨。     

HFETR热功率测量系统误差分析

本文针对HFETR热功率自动测量系统,详细介绍了该系统的测量方式、组成和原理,在某炉段满功率运行和连续冷却两种工况下对相应的热功率计算误差进行分析,得到最大相对误差值为0.59％,一个运行周期的积分功率最大相对误差值为0.66％.本文分析了测量仪表精度对热功率计算的影响.研究表明,HFETR的热功率测量系统精度符合设计...     

Plasma grid design for optimized filter field configuration for the NBI test facility ELISE

Maintenance-free RF sources for negative hydrogen ions with moderate extraction areas (100-200 cm²) have been successfully developed in the last years at IPP Garching in the test facilities BATMAN and MANITU. A facility with larger extraction area (1000 cm²), ELISE, is being designed with a “half-size” ITER-like extraction system, pulsed ion acceleration up to 60 kV for 10 s and plasma generation up to 1 h. Due to the large size of the source, the magnetic filter field (FF) cannot be produced solely by permanent magnets. Therefore, an additional magnetic field produced by current flowing through the plasma grid (PG current) is required. The filter field homogeneity and the interaction with the electron suppression magnetic field have been studied in detail by finite element method (FEM) during the ELISE design phase. Significant improvements regarding the field homogeneity have been introduced compared to the ITER reference design. Also, for the same PG current a 50% higher field in front of the grid has been achieved by optimizing the plasma grid geometry. Hollow spaces have been introduced in the plasma grid for a more homogeneous PG current distribution. The introduction of hollow spaces also allows the insertion of permanent magnets in the plasma grid.     

CSNS/RCS陶瓷真空盒热特性及振动研究

陶瓷真空盒作为中国散裂中子源（CSNS）快循环同步加速器（RCS）真空系统的关键部件,能避免RCS二极、四极交流磁铁因快速变化的磁场而产生的涡旋电流。因安装空间限制,RCS陶瓷真空盒支架固定在磁铁线圈上。在CSNS/RCS交流磁铁长时间加电测试中,出现陶瓷真空盒断裂、真空破坏的情况。为避免后期出现类似问题,从磁铁发热进而引起陶瓷真空盒不均匀升温的角度出发,对陶瓷真空盒的热特性进行了分析,同时基于双目视觉测量技术,对陶瓷真空盒的振动情况进行了监测,针对部分真空盒水平方向振动异常的问题,确定其影响因素为快卸链条的磁导率超标。最后开展了陶瓷真空盒的支架减振技术研究。     

双泵切换过程模拟及灵敏度分析

对双泵并联给水系统中泵切换过程进行了试验与模拟研究,通过试验结果验证了模型的正确性。利用模型对试验过程进行灵敏度分析,得出以下结论：双泵并联给水系统在泵切换过程中系统流量越小、离心泵转动惯量越大,则系统失水量越大,最低流量越小,系统恢复稳定时间越长;止回阀特征时间越小,主回路流量波动越趋于稳定,但对切换过程系统流量波动影响十分有限。     

Simulations of NBI fast ion loss in the presence of toroidal field ripple on EAST

NBI fast ion losses in the presence of the toroidal field ripple on EAST have been investigated by using the orbit code GYCAVA and the NBI code TGCO. The ripple effect was included in the upgraded version of the GYCAVA code. It is found that loss regions of NBI fast ions are mainly on the low field side near the edge in the presence of ripple. For co-current NBIs, the synergy effect of ripple and Coulomb collision on fast ion losses is dominant, and fast trapped ions located on the low field side are easily lost. The ripple well loss and the ripple stochastic loss of fast ions have been identified from the heat loads of co-current NBI fast ions. The ripple stochastic loss and the collisioninduced loss are much larger than the ripple well loss. Heat loads of lost fast ions are mainly localized on the right side of the radio frequency wave antennas from the inside view toward the first wall. For counter-current NBIs, the first orbit loss due to the magnetic drift is the dominant loss channel. In addition, fast ion loss fraction with ripple and collision for each NBI linearly increases with the effective charge number, which is related to the pitch angle scattering effect.